Where can I see the old tune in Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province? Where to study?

First, it is clear that the old tune is the cultural heritage of Huayin, Shaanxi Province, and was selected as the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage in 2006. If you are interested, you can come to Huayin to find the Cultural Bureau. My home is in Yu Wei, Huayin, the birthplace of the old tune. I often see great performers, because my father is an amateur Chinese opera actor.

Brief introduction of Huayin old tune

The old tune is a kind of Huayin shadow play. Huayin shadow play is an ancient form of local opera performance, which has been widely circulated in Huayin for a long time. The performance method is roughly the same as that of the whole country. First of all, set the stage and support "Liangzi". Then, with the help of lights, people carved in leather with bamboo sticks are put on stage to perform. The monitor of the shadow play class is usually the box owner, and then gradually the storyteller. This class consists of five people. Their division of labor is as follows: first, forehand, also known as storyteller and singer, rap across the board. During the performance, hug Qin Yue, put the script aside and sing along with the performance. Second, sign the hand. Also known as "signboard catcher" and "gatekeeper", it mainly deals in shadow play. Third, the back slot, also known as playing backstage, "playing back slot." The main performers are gong, bangzi and bowls. In martial arts, they also shout "Come on" and help sing (Lapo). Fourth, the banhu hand. The lead singer will play the cymbals to cheer, sing and whistle when he enters the door. Fifth, sitting on the pier, also known as "posting", "helping the file" and "selecting the sign". According to the progress of the plot, puppet props are installed in advance for the signer to use at any time. And help the signer "circle flowers", arrange soldiers to fight, clap their hands and cheer. Huayin shadow play is divided into two kinds: old and modern. Let's start with the old tune.

There are two reasons why it is called old-fashioned. First, Huayin was formed earlier. Compared with the emerging time cavity, namely Wan Wan cavity, it is simple and rough, so it is called the old cavity. Second, it is related to rap in Laohekou, Hubei Province, and is named after its birthplace.

There are two theories about the formation of the old tune, one is related to the granary and grain transportation in the capital of the Western Han Dynasty. It comes from the trumpet sound of the channel boatman. One said it was from Laohekou, Hubei. The earliest existing old-fashioned script is a relic of Qianlong's ten years, which has been more than 250 years since. According to Zhang Quansheng, a time-honored artist, it is said that in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, a man named Meng Er came to Quandian Town from Laohekou, Hubei Province to make a living by singing. There is a big Zhang family in the local area, and he is often invited to rap at home, and all the children of the Zhang family can learn. Later, they added musical instruments and bought a theater box. Rap has been put on the stage of shadow play, gradually forming an old-fashioned drama, which has been performed and appreciated by the Zhang family for a long time and has become a family drama. Later, with the expansion of its influence in popular cultural life, it gradually turned into a commercial troupe. According to the criticism of some old artists, the Zhang family once had nine famous clubs, which have been passed down for five generations. Among them, the most famous foreman artists are Zhang Kuner (about 1845- 1925) and Zhang Zhuan (about l850- 1900).

Zhang Huaiying (about 1853- 1923) has a thunderous voice and is known as "Scaring the Baby". The signer, Zhang Bianer, is called "Double Drop Cable". Zhang Xiaoliu (1853- 1948).

At the beginning of the 20th century, Huayin's old-fashioned shadow play formed the following famous clubs: Zhang Wuchang (1901-1952), who was famous for his clear way of speaking and delicate singing. Signed Zhang Quayle.

Zhang (1902—— 1949), with a loud voice, is famous for his drama. The signer Zhang Jingkun is good at expressing subtle movements and accurately conveying the spirit.

Zhang Zhiying (1913 ——1972), also known as Liangwa, signed.

After 1950, the famous troupe of the Zhang family was left with only the new students' meeting. The crew members are Prison (Hou Cao), Zhang (Ban Hu), (signature), Zhang Jingkun (full father, signature) and Zhang Tianbao (signature). After 1980, the troupe was reorganized into Zhang Si (Banhu), (autograph session) and (autograph session).

Since then, the Zhang family has produced two young teams, one is Zhang Ximin and the other is Zhang Junmin.

This old-fashioned drama was produced in the Zhang family, because the family concept was conservative, and it never spread abroad. At that time, some old opera fans didn't have scripts and biographies. It's hard to learn. But later, it broke through the shackles of family and spread to society. There is a little-known story about the old rumor. 1923, artist Zhang was seriously ill, and seeking medical treatment was invalid. It happened that Bai Qinjia, an opera fan, had an ancestral secret recipe that could cure the lingering sound. Before the treatment, they made a written agreement to value the script for Bai Qin. But after her illness, the decree reneged and angered Bai Qin. 1929 Zhang Yan Qucheng, Bai Qin and Yan Pingwa took advantage of the chaos to steal the "drama burden". Later, although the lawsuit was recovered, Pingwa and others copied some scripts. Since then, the old-fashioned opera has come out of the Zhang family. Soon, Pingwa organized a class club and sang an old tune. Since then, this ancient tune has spread abroad, for example, Zhang Yuchang passed it on to the alien Zhang Fengjun. Zhang Xiaoliu handed it to Lu. Lu handed it to He. With the development of time-honored troupes, performance activities gradually flourished. Their footprints are in Shanxi and Henan in the east, Chaoyi in Dali in the north, Weinan in Lintong in the west and Shangxian in Luonan in the south. 1950 They also went to Xi 'an Dongguan for more than 20 days, which had a great impact. From 65438 to 0956, Ren joined the Innovation Society and participated in the first puppet show in Shaanxi Province, winning the singing award and performance award. Zhang Quansheng won the honorary prize. Zhang Fengjun's Borrowing Zhao Yun won the second prize. In l956, the old tune "Borrowing Zhao Yun" appeared on the big stage.

From the late 1980s to the 1990s, Huayin had seven clubs. One in Tongguan and two in Pucheng. There are nearly 70 employees, but the most influential are Zhang Quansheng and Wang Zhenzhong. He inherited Zhang's family opera tradition in an all-round way and sang beautifully. He was awarded the title of "authentic old tune" in Shaanxi drama performance. Wang Zhenzhong, who is smart and eager to learn, has made outstanding contributions to the inheritance and development of old operas and is known as a rookie of old operas.

There are more than 200 dramas of Laoqiang Opera, among which the historical dramas of Western Zhou Dynasty, other countries, Three Kingdoms, Tang and Song Dynasties are the most, about 120 Yu Ben. Such as Yellow River Array, Lintong Bean Bag, Three Wars of Lyu3 bu4, Lost Street Pavilion, Battle of Jizhou, Crossing Five Customs, Sanyu, Cheung Nam, Zhengbei, Zhengdong, Zheng, Golden Beach, Returning to Datong and so on. For example, Baldy Weeds the Bed, Teaching, Digging, Dong Selling Mothers, Wang Miyan's Engagement, Receiving Qiang Bai, Playing Shehuo and Tournament. In 1950s, more than a dozen historical dramas were transplanted, such as Knife Meeting, Driving Liangshan and Chopping Li Guang. In the 1960s and 1970s, he also created and transplanted more than a dozen plays, such as Liu Hulan, Mount Dufu and Mountain Tiger.