What is the population of Jilong County, Shigatse City, Tibet?

Population: about 10,000 people

Population density: 1 person/km2

Gyirong County is located in the southwest of the Tibet Autonomous Region and the southwest of Shigatse Prefecture. The total area is 9009 square kilometers. The total population is 10,000 (2003).

The County People’s Government is located in Zongga Town, Postal Code: 858700. Administrative division code: 542335. Area code: 0892. Pinyin: Jilong Xian.

Basic overview of Gyirong County Gyirong County is located in the southwest of Shigatse Prefecture in Tibet, with geographical coordinates ranging from 84°35′ to 86°20′ east longitude and 28°3′ to 29°3′ north latitude. It is adjacent to the Kingdom of Nepal to the south and southwest, with a 162-kilometer border, to the north it is bounded by the Brahmaputra River and Saga County, and to the east it is bounded by Nyalam County. The whole territory is about 300 kilometers long from east to west and about 200 kilometers wide from north to south. The whole county covers an area of ??12,000 square kilometers. The county seat is 490 kilometers away from Shigatse City. The average altitude of the county is above 4,000 meters, and the county seat is about 4,200 meters above sea level. The geological structure of Jilong County is that the north is a plateau wide lake basin, and the south is a deep-cut alpine canyon. It is roughly bounded by the Himalayas to the Shishapangma peak and the ridge line. Its northern wing is higher in the south and lower in the north. The middle part of the Himalayas. One river and two rivers (Yarlung Zangbo River, Donglin Zangbo River, Gyirong Zangbo River) run through the entire territory, forming an extremely rich water conservancy resource network. The land in Jilong County is roughly divided into 3452.8 acres of fertility-limited land, 2248.5 acres of soil-limited land, 17145.5 acres of gravel-limited land, as well as aeolian sand soil, alpine cold desert soil, alpine meadow soil, stony soil, etc. The northern region of Jilong belongs to the cold-warm semi-arid plateau valley monsoon climate zone in southern Tibet. The annual average temperature is 2℃, the average temperature of the warmest month is 10-18℃, the average temperature of the coldest month is -10℃, and the annual precipitation is About 300-600 mm, it belongs to a warm and humid semi-arid continental climate zone. The southern region of Geelong has a subtropical mountain monsoon climate zone, with an average annual temperature of 10-13°C, the warmest month temperature of over 18°C, an annual precipitation of about 1,000 mm, and more than 200 frost-free days per year. The total population of the county is 11,797; the total number of households is 2,053; the urban population is 599; the agricultural population is 9,244; the animal husbandry population is 1,954; the population density is 0.1 people per square kilometer; the birth rate is 1.7%, and the natural growth rate is about 11‰.

Gyirong means "comfortable village" and "happy village" in Tibetan. It is said that Gyirong got its name in the late 8th century AD when Trisong Detsen invited Master Padmasambhava from India to Tibet. The master and his entourage passed through Gyirong Valley (today’s Gyirong Town area) and stayed here for one night. When the master saw the beautiful mountains and clear waters here, and the bright scenery, he was overwhelmed with emotion. The river water in the valley was as white as milk, and the pebbles at the bottom of the stream were as smooth as jade. He was even more amazed. So, before leaving the next day, he happily named this place "Geelong" to express his infinite praise, and the name "Geelong" has been passed down to this day. In old texts, it is also written as "Ji Long", "Ji Long", "Ji Zhong", etc.

Gyirong County, like the whole of Tibet, was born out of a feudal serfdom society, and the natural economy of agriculture and animal husbandry in a self-sufficient state dominates. After the peaceful liberation of Tibet, the productive forces were fully liberated and developed. Since the reform and opening up, economic construction and social development have made great progress, and various undertakings have undergone earth-shaking changes. Especially since the third and fourth Central Tibet Work Symposiums, with the care of the Central Committee and the strong support of the people across the country, especially the people of Jilin, the economic construction of Jilong County has continued to develop steadily, various social undertakings are flourishing, and the people Life is improving day by day, the situation is stable, border defenses are consolidated, and ethnic unity is united, making it the best development period in Geelong's history.

In 2002, the county's GDP reached 69.43 million yuan, and the economic growth rate reached more than 10.5%. Among them, the primary industry completed an added value of 29.2 million yuan, the secondary industry completed an added value of 11.02 million yuan, and the tertiary industry completed an added value of 29.21 million yuan. On the basis of stabilizing grain production, the planting area of ??cash crops and forage grass was expanded, and the total grain and oil output reached 10.6872 million kilograms, winning the 15th consecutive bumper harvest year.

Animal husbandry production developed steadily, with meat, milk, and skins increasing significantly compared with the previous year. The livestock inventory at the end of the year was 145,949 heads (horses). Poverty alleviation and development are progressing smoothly, with 45 households with 263 people in poverty alleviation points established, and 15 households with 75 people settled as herders. The development of township enterprises and diversified operations accelerated. The output value of township enterprises was 1.55 million yuan, and the output value of diversified operations was 8.4266 million yuan, an increase of 9.93% and 19.3% respectively over the previous year. The county exported 3,555 labor services, and the per capita income of farmers and herdsmen reached 1,415.59 yuan, an increase of 13.7% over the previous year. Local fiscal and tax revenue reached 920,000 yuan. The non-public economy has achieved new development, with 168 individual industrial and commercial households with a registered capital of 330,000 yuan and 261 employees. The "universal education program" is progressing smoothly. The enrollment rate of school-age children has reached 86.9%, an increase of 10.9% over the previous year. The illiteracy rate among young adults continues to decline. The natural population growth rate is controlled within 10‰, rural cooperative medical care is fully rolled out, and the establishment of a medical and health security system is in progress. 31 radio and television "village-to-village" services have been built, and the comprehensive coverage rate of radio and television has reached about 85%. The county has a harmonious government, economic development, social progress, and people living and working in peace and contentment.

Physical Geography

The geological structure of Jilong County is: the plateau wide lake basin in the north and the deep-cut alpine canyon in the south, roughly from the Himalayas to the Shishapangma peak to the ridge Line is the boundary, its northern wing is higher in the south and lower in the north, and the southern part is located in the middle part of the Himalayas. part. One river and two rivers (Yarlung Zangbo River, Donglin Zangbo River, Gyirong Zangbo River) run through the entire territory, forming an extremely rich water conservancy resource network. The land in Jilong County is roughly divided into 3452.8 acres of fertility-limited land, 2248.5 acres of soil-limited land, and 17145.5 acres of gravel-limited land. There are also aeolian sand soil, alpine cold desert soil, alpine meadow soil, and stony soil.

The geological structure of Jilong County is that the north is a plateau wide lake basin, and the south is a deep-cut alpine canyon. It is roughly bounded by the Himalayas to the Shishabangma peak and the ridge line. Its northern wing is expressed as It is higher in the south and lower in the north, with the south located in the middle part of the Himalayas.

One river and two rivers (Yarlung Zangbo River, Donglin Zangbo River, Gyirong Zangbo River) run through the entire territory, forming an extremely rich water conservancy resource network.

The northern region of Jilong belongs to the cold-warm semi-arid plateau valley monsoon climate zone in southern Tibet. The annual average temperature is 2℃, the average temperature of the warmest month is 10-18℃, and the average temperature of the coldest month is - 10℃, annual precipitation is about 300-600 mm, and it belongs to a warm-humid and semi-arid continental climate zone. The southern region of Geelong has a subtropical mountain monsoon climate zone, with an average annual temperature of 10-13°C, the warmest month temperature of over 18°C, an annual precipitation of about 1,000 mm, and more than 200 frost-free days per year.

Customs and Customs

1. Tibetan Opera

With the continuous advancement of the times, the improvement of people’s living standards and their demand for cultural life, the traditional "Zhuosang" The style of the eight major Tibetan operas such as "Mu", "Langsha Obu", "Sojin Nyima", "Pema Weiba", and "Donye Dhondup" lags behind the times in many aspects. In order to make Tibetan opera more relevant to life, the people have To express life, Tibetan opera has been slightly improved. For example, the lyrics, movements, and orchestration of the eight major Tibetan operas have been improved, making Tibetan opera performances more distinctive.

2. Music and dance

(1) Music, from 1985 to 1999, under the organization of county cultural staff, the employee amateur performance team created some musical works during the performance , songs such as "Family Planning is Good", "Hometown Has Changed", "Happy Life" and other songs inspire the people of Geelong to build a happy home with hard work and wisdom.

(2) Dance. Since 1989, Jilong County has organized people to use folk dance as the theme. After rough refinement, they have choreographed "Jilong Guozhuang", "Yala Beijing", "Building a New House", " Dances such as "Building the Wall" and "Hatha Dedicated to the Communist Party" have greatly enriched the cultural life of the people.

3. Folk literature and art

The discovery of a large number of ancient ruins shows that during the Tang and Song Dynasties, folk songs and dances in Jilong County had begun to take shape, and the "Tongjia Dance" with unique local characteristics appeared. ” (also called bracelet dance) and the sacrificial dance “Hama”.

After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, as the exchanges between various ethnic groups continued to strengthen, "Lantern Dance" and other performances were introduced to Jilong County. Since 1989, regional professional and amateur literary and art workers have continued to go deep into the county, collected and sorted out some folk dance materials, and arranged very influential programs.

The main musical instruments include: mangtong (a wind instrument played in religious ceremonies, called Re'aleng in Tibetan), sheepskin drum, Tibetan drum, cymbal, bone trumpet, etc.

4. Folk songs

Due to the differences in geographical environment of Jilong County, the genre, phonology, and mode of folk songs are obviously different from other places. Love songs, carols, elegy, etc. that have been handed down to this day have fixed singing styles and sentence patterns. One tune can contain several verses. Grassland music has a wide range of sounds, unrestrained enthusiasm, coherent phonology and free rhythm, showing the bold and unrestrained character of the herdsmen.

Folk songs include love songs, carols, lamentations, labor songs, and drinking songs.

5. Sports

The people of Geelong are known for their ability to ride and shoot, and their strong folk customs. Since the time of Songtsen Gampo, horse racing has been a popular and enjoyable sport for farmers and herdsmen. From cheering to galloping, from horse racing and archery to equestrian performances, farmers and herdsmen are full of interest. In modern times, the riding and shooting activities in Geelong are not only popular but also have their own characteristics due to differences in regional culture. In the 1960s, it was relatively common to carry out mass sports activities such as horse shuttlecock throwing in Jilong Town, Gongdang Township, Chana Township and other places.

Sports competitions in various towns and villages are usually held in July of the Tibetan calendar. Because the altitude of the pastoral areas is relatively high, the air is thin, and horses cannot gallop for a long time, the competition venues rarely exceed 2,000 meters. At the horse racing meeting, men, women and children from all villages gather together, and the curtains are continuous. It is a grand festival on the grass. The adult men participating in the horse racing are all barefoot and bareback.

Since the 1980s, Geelong County has designated August 1 every year as a traditional festival. During the festival, various township artistic performance teams and sports participants gather on the lawn of the county to perform Various sports activities, such as tug-of-war, horse racing, archery, bouldering, etc.

The main sports activities include: skiing, weiduo (also called leather rope throwing), yak racing, holding stones, throwing nests, mountain climbing, lifting leather bags, etc.

Economic Overview

Gyirong County, like the whole of Tibet, was born out of a feudal serfdom society, and the natural economy of agriculture and animal husbandry in a self-sufficient state dominates. After the peaceful liberation of Tibet, the productive forces were fully liberated and developed. Since the reform and opening up, economic construction and social development have made great progress, and various undertakings have undergone earth-shaking changes. Especially since the third and fourth Central Tibet Work Symposiums, with the care of the Central Committee and the strong support of the people across the country, especially the people of Jilin, the economic construction of Jilong County has continued to develop steadily, various social undertakings are flourishing, and the people Life is improving day by day, the situation is stable, border defenses are consolidated, and ethnic unity is united, making it the best development period in Geelong's history.

In 2002, the county's GDP reached 69.43 million yuan, and the economic growth rate reached more than 10.5%. Among them, the primary industry completed an added value of 29.2 million yuan, the secondary industry completed an added value of 11.02 million yuan, and the tertiary industry completed an added value of 29.21 million yuan. On the basis of stabilizing grain production, the planting area of ??cash crops and forage grass was expanded, and the total grain and oil output reached 10.6872 million kilograms, winning the 15th consecutive bumper harvest year. Animal husbandry production has developed steadily, with meat, milk, and hides increasing significantly compared with the previous year. There were 145,949 livestock on hand at the end of the year. Poverty alleviation and development are progressing smoothly, with 45 households with 263 people in poverty alleviation points established, and 15 households with 75 people settled as herders. The development of township enterprises and diversified operations accelerated. The output value of township enterprises was 1.55 million yuan, and the output value of diversified operations was 8.4266 million yuan, an increase of 9.93% and 19.3% respectively over the previous year. The county exported 3,555 labor services, and the per capita income of farmers and herdsmen reached 1,415.59 yuan, an increase of 13.7% over the previous year. Local fiscal and tax revenue reached 920,000 yuan. The non-public economy has achieved new development, with 168 individual industrial and commercial households with a registered capital of 330,000 yuan and 261 employees.

Administrative divisions

Jilong County governs 2 towns and 3 townships: Zongga Town, Jilong Town; Chana Township, Zheba Township, and Gongdang Township. There are 42 village committees in ***.

Historical evolution

Gyirong means "comfortable village, happy village" in Tibetan.

In the Yuan Dynasty, officials came to Jilong to handle important matters. From 1778 to 1781, the central government of the Qing Dynasty sent troops to Gyirong to defend the Gorkha invasion of Tibet. Before the peaceful liberation of Tibet, there were four sects: the upper sect of Zongga, the lower sect of Zongga, the eastern sect of Jilong, and the third sect of Xizong. In July 1960, the upper and lower sects of Zongga and the east and west sects of Jilong were merged to form the Jilong County People's Government. (Source)

Jilong County governs 1 town, 6 townships, 2 neighborhood committees, and 40 village committees: Jilong Town, Zongga Township, Gongdang Township, Chana Township, Zheba Township, Shale Township and Zha Township.

In 2000, Jilong County governed 2 towns and 3 townships. The total population is 12,174 (according to the fifth census data). The population of each township is: 3,083 people in Zongga Town, 3,913 people in Jilong Town, 2,343 people in Chana Township, 1,956 people in Zheba Township, and 879 people in Gongdang Township.

In August 2019, the list of comprehensive demonstration counties for e-commerce in rural areas in 2019 was released, and Jilong County was included.

On March 15, 2019, Jilong County was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education in the country in 2018.