New year news

New year's custom: New Year's custom everywhere.

1, Jiangsu Province

Apart from putting up peach charms, mending doors and Spring Festival couplets, Wuxi also hangs Zhong Kui elephants in the New Year to avoid sneaking around for a year. Legend has it that Zhong Kui is good at catching ghosts. This custom probably began in the Tang Dynasty. Many folk families in Wuxi also have the custom of hanging red couplets with auspicious sentences on the lintel and paper-cut doormats.

On the morning of New Year's Day, cakes and zongzi are popular in Wuxi, which means reunion and promotion. Besides, we should eat noodles, which means longevity and Changchun. Wuxi custom: When the children come in the New Year, the host will treat them with snacks and sweets. Children from relatives and friends who come to pay New Year's greetings will get lucky money. The new son-in-law goes to his mother-in-law's house to pay New Year's greetings, usually on the third day of the New Year's Eve. The third day is called Xiao Nian Chao. You can't sweep the floor, beg for fire or draw water, just like the custom on the first day of New Year's Day.

There is another custom in Wuxi that is slightly different from other places, that is, the 60th, 70th and 80th birthdays are in the Spring Festival, not birthdays. On New Year's Day, many places have the custom of not sweeping the floor, and so does Wuxi. I think sweeping the floor should sweep away wealth. Even if you sweep the floor on the second day of the lunar new year, you can't dump the garbage outside the house, but pile it in the corner until the first day of the first month. This is called "gathering money".

In the old dynasty, it was forbidden to beg for fire and water from others, to use knives and scissors, and to dump sewage and feces. You have to close the door two or three times to explode when you sleep in the New Year. I went to bed early that night in Wuxi. If children are too playful to sleep, parents often coax their children into saying, "Go to bed early and listen to the old bug tonight."

2. Shandong Province

Confucius Day

There are some differences between Confucian festivals and folk festivals.

Near the 30th anniversary, the most lively scene of Confucius' busy year activity "Steaming Village" appeared, that is, steaming all kinds of steamed bread, jiaozi and cakes for the New Year. At this time, the "fire-burning households" came to light the fire and steam all kinds of steamed buns.

Package jiaozi on New Year's Eve. Lights are lit everywhere in the room, sandalwood powder is burned, carpets are laid, and colored sheds and ribbons are pulled in the yard. In the afternoon, go to the hall to salute, and after dinner, go to the ancestral temple to resign. Adults give their children "lucky money", which is packed in a red paper bag with the words "long life" and placed on their pillows. Everyone prepares a cloisonne lunch box, which contains rice noodles, little persimmon, oranges and other things.

On New Year's Eve, the Duke of Feast will personally go to Anhuai Hall to confess and worship the old fairy with white beard. It is said that all the elves and ghosts in Confucius' house belong to this white-bearded old fairy.

After midnight, all the people got up to worship God. Set up a mat in the courtyard of the front building. In all directions, east, west, south, north, northeast, southwest and northwest, there is a table on each side, and there is a tablet of God in the middle table. Next to the "Tiandi Building", a "sky pole" was erected and a "sky lantern" was lit, which lasted for half a month day and night.

Wake up on New Year's Day morning, don't talk first, touch the things in the box and the lucky money with your hands. After getting up, worship the temple, worship the ancestral temple, and accept the servant's New Year greetings. My family came to Confucius' house to pay a New Year call. In the afternoon, the lion dance performance of the local "Dragon Lantern Festival" was held in Confucius House, and the servants of Confucius House and "fireworks households" set off fireworks to celebrate the New Year.

3. Zhejiang

Shaoxing Chinese New Year custom

In Shaoxing, as soon as December of the lunar calendar enters, people are busy preparing for the New Year: buying wine, spring cakes, making zongzi, removing dust, killing chickens and geese, buying fish and meat, preparing clothes, shoes and hats for the New Year, buying gifts for relatives and friends, and so on. It can be said that I'm as busy as a bee for fear that I can't raise enough money and make a joke. On the 23rd night of the twelfth lunar month, every household will send the Kitchen God to heaven, offer a sticky candy and glue the Kitchen God's teeth so that he can't tell the Jade Emperor Chen about people's fault. After sending the Kitchen God, before New Year's Eve, every family always chooses an auspicious day to pray, which is the most solemn festival in every family year. The deities worshipped are "Southern Tour", which Shaoxing people call the Blessing Bodhisattva and the Great Bodhisattva, and they are said to be the emperors of the Song Dynasty. After the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty, the adherents were afraid of the arrogance of the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty and did not dare to publicly sacrifice to the king of the Song Dynasty, so they had to do it quietly in the dead of night. This kind of eulogy with national consciousness was not only widely circulated later, but also added the significance of thanking the gods for blessing and praying for happiness in the coming year. According to the old people, the bodhisattva in the sky is not allowed to enter an unclean house. Therefore, before praying, the main hall, sacrificial platform and sacrificial vessels must be cleaned and cleaned. After the "Five Sacrifices and Blessings" are cooked, put them in a wooden red lacquer dish. There are also certain rules in the way of posing. For example, chickens and geese should kneel down and kowtow to the lucky god to welcome them. A live carp is hung on the "Longmen" with a red rope through the backstab, and colored eyes are glued with red paper, which means "carp yue longmen". If the ceremony is held late at night, the atmosphere will be more solemn. Men should kneel and knock three times according to their seniority, and women and men who are jealous of individual zodiac signs should avoid it. Not to mention Xianglinsao, the widow of Baitiling, even Lufu's wives and concubines were deprived of the qualification to pray.

After praying, you will worship your ancestors (commonly known as "please come back to the church for a meal"). When praying for blessings, the table is placed horizontally according to the wood grain on the desktop, and it is changed to be placed straight when worshiping ancestors; When praying for blessings, sweeping monk bowed outward, and when worshipping ancestors, he bowed inward. After the ancestor worship, cook rice cakes or noodles with the juice of the blessing ceremony to show God's "blessing" to his family. The customs of Chinese New Year in Shaoxing and other places are similar. "Eating and drinking on New Year's Eve, especially in clothes" is the climax of the New Year.

4.Henan Province

Kaifeng new year

Kaifeng folks call the Spring Festival "Chinese New Year".

New Year's Eve is always called New Year's Eve, and every household should put up Spring Festival couplets. Now on New Year's Eve, we visit relatives and friends and watch TV, solve riddles on the lanterns. Until late at night, some families get together, encourage each other, sum up the gains of the past year and make a new year's work and study plan. "Shounian" has given new content in the new era. When the midnight bell rang, people scrambled to set off the first firecrackers, which meant the determination and enthusiasm of Kaifeng people to open up the future.

On the first day of the first month, every family gets up early, changes into new clothes and finishes washing. First, they set off firecrackers to pay homage to the portraits of their ancestors. Then, the younger generation pays New Year greetings to the elders, who will give them "lucky money". In 2008, the whole family ate in jiaozi, and then began to pay New Year greetings to relatives and friends. Every family has cigarettes, tea, melon seeds, peanuts, candy and so on. In order to wait for the new year guests. According to Kaifeng's habit of "paying New Year's greetings early and offering birthday felicitations late", the New Year's greetings ended on the afternoon of the first day of the New Year.

The second day of the first month is the day when girls return to their parents' homes. On the second day of the old day, firecrackers, horns and whistles were heard in the four townships of Kaifeng Chengguan, and mules and horses came and went in an endless stream.

The third day of the first month is the day to worship ancestors and sweep graves. Because the old calendar says that this day is "not suitable for everything", it is forbidden to visit relatives in Kaifeng on the third day. The fifth day is the fifth festival. People think that the fifth day is the first unlucky day after the New Year, so relatives and friends should also avoid visiting each other. In addition to these two days, Kaifeng folks visited relatives and friends during the festival, and there were few leisure days.

5.sichuan province

Sichuan Hakka Spring Festival custom

Hakka people attach great importance to the Lunar New Year. Every household hangs colored lights, sticks door gods, and sticks auspicious words on granaries and poultry and livestock pens to show the bumper harvest in the coming year. Conditional Hakka towns and villages,1-will have a lantern dance in February. The types of lanterns are dragon lanterns, lion lanterns and clam lanterns, which are the custom of colored lanterns handed down by Hakka people in their original places.

In addition, there will be a large-scale celebration-dragon dance, which can be divided into colorful dragons, fire dragons, water dragons, disjointed dragons and Shangchuan dragons. Among them, Shangchuanlong is the most distinctive. Shangchuanlong was brought to western Sichuan by Jiangxi immigrant Liu in the early Qing Dynasty. Liu people hold dragon dances every year to celebrate the New Year and pray for good weather. Shangchuanlong is huge and magnificent. Dancing is operated by 30 to 50 people, and the faucet weighs 30 to 50 kilograms. It is very skillful in playing with dragons, and there are many ways.

6. Guangxi

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Simple cattle

Use a pole to celebrate the New Year.

"In the first month, the hall was closed and this year was full of crops." This is an old proverb spread by Zhuang families in Mashan, Du 'an, Shanglin, Xincheng and other places in Guangxi. Today, instead of bamboo, it is a farmer's shoulder pole, and the wooden board replaces the big wooden trough. The ancient hall is full of vitality in the form of playing with poles.

Every year from New Year's Eve to the fifteenth day of the first month, all parts of Zhuang people will hear the light and pleasant sound of "Deng Deng Da, Deng Deng Da, Deng Da Du Da".

The dance forms of the pole are duet, four people wearing flowers, and many people wearing flowers. Dancers are mostly even. The performers hold the pole, around the bench or rice trough, beat the bench rhythmically, and sometimes beat each other's poles. The shoulder pole can be used freely in your hands, or you can knock on the front, back or side. The sound is crisp or heavy, and the sound is different, forming a lively and ups and downs rhythm. When the poles kept hitting each other, the performers kept spinning among the flowers, which made them more dazzling. Skilled movements can be easily completed in the voice of the pole.

The dance vocabulary of "carrying a load" contains rich farming culture, and dance modeling is closely related to farming labor. The performances include: harrowing fields, transplanting rice seedlings, scooping water and plowing fields, harvesting and threshing, and tasting new rice. The life and labor characteristics of artistic images are extremely prominent. It is firmly rooted in the soil of a strong family and will last forever.

7.guizhou province

Dongnian

Traditional festivals of Dong nationality. Popular in Jiuzhai District, Jinping County, Guizhou Province. It is held every year on November 30th of the lunar calendar. According to local legend, a long time ago, a respected patriarch refused to pay tribute to the Han people, and the Han people surrounded the village. In order to safeguard national dignity and the safety of villagers, clan leaders stepped forward and were stationed by Han Chinese. Later, clan leaders were allowed to return home from the frontier, which was on the 30th day of the lunar calendar 1 1 month. The local people played lusheng, pipa and gongs and drums to visit the patriarch. Later generations called this day Dong Nian. During the festival, in addition to making Ciba, families have to kill pigs and sheep to celebrate. On New Year's Eve, people mainly eat meat instead of vegetables. Cook more rice than usual to show that there is more than enough left. Before dinner, the old people placed sacrifices in shrines and "ancestral horns", burned incense and paper to worship their ancestors and invited them to pay New Year greetings, including the prosperity and happiness of the whole family. Then the whole family will have a big meal together. In the year of Dong, married girls, relatives and friends also came to congratulate. The main entertainment on the festival day is bullfighting, and firecrackers will be set off at night to entertain the winners. Young men and women find partners by playing with mountains, singing duets and dancing lusheng. At the same time, it also performs Dong Opera. These festivals will last until the Spring Festival.

8.shaanxi

Spring Festival in northern Shaanxi

People in the yellow land attach great importance to festivals. There are many festivals in a year, but people are most concerned about the Spring Festival. There is a custom here to make "jujube cards" for children in the New Year. "Jujube brand" is to put red dates and straw with red lines on it, hang a copper coin on it, and hang a firecracker on the child's back. This is the mascot to ward off evil spirits and pray. Some people put on the "thimble" for embroidery with red thread and hang it around the child's neck. This is also the mascot of blessing, called "thimble for aging". Add one every year until you are twelve.

It's New Year's Eve, and everything is ready, such as putting up couplets, playing vinegar and charcoal, hanging red lights and cleaning the courtyard. Playing vinegar charcoal is a unique custom, that is, putting a red-hot charcoal on an iron spoon and pouring vinegar on it. "Burning vinegar and charcoal" should be carried out in every corner of the house, which means exorcism. In fact, this is a scientific disinfection method. As night falls, the old man always worships God, burns incense and paper, and leads his curious grandchildren to kowtow. The older children are busy shooting and lighting the tower. The careful aunt put charcoal blocks and ice cubes by the door, and set up a rolling pin and a knife and axe behind the door. It is said that this is evil, and it is called "guarding the old" here. People always go to bed on New Year's Eve. Generally, the lights are not turned off at home all night, which indicates peace and longevity in the four seasons. Put some food in the pot, which is called "according to the pot", which means that there is no shortage of food for a year. Some old people can't sleep this night. They climbed to the top of the mountain quietly in the dark and looked east. This is called "Pintian".

On the first day of the first month, people get up at dawn. The first thing to do is to open the door, that is, open the door. Then, the old people were busy meeting God and the Kitchen God. The children have gone out to pay a New Year call. Here is called "seeking health" to pay a New Year call. When the younger generation meets their elders, they should "greet", like "Grandpa is in good health!" "Grandma is strong!" The elder replied, "Be a good doll!" It means praising children's health and progress. This custom of greeting the New Year is not limited to children, but also applies to men who have married and adopted children, and it is also true when they meet their elders.

Yangko is a unique custom in northern Shaanxi. During the Spring Festival, every village organizes yangko teams to pay New Year greetings from door to door, which is commonly called "along the door". Yangko pays homage to God in the temple first, praying for good weather and abundant crops for a year, and then pays a New Year call to every household. Every time the Yangko team went to a family, the umbrella head touched the scene and improvised lyrics to bless the owner. For example, "When you enter the gate and look up, the six-hole stone kiln will be in full bloom, and the grain will be abundant, and people will be safe all year round."

9. Heilongjiang Province

Harbin ice lantern welcomes the Spring Festival

Ice lantern art has a long history. The annual ice lantern garden party is a huge project. Raw materials require ice to be transparent and free of impurities. Ice sculpture works enjoy a unique source of materials here. Songhua River is one of the major rivers in China, which flows through Harbin. The river naturally freezes, but it is only transparent. In the three-foot freezing winter, when the surging river stopped breathing, the workers first cut the ice layer on the river surface with a chainsaw, then fished out the ice, and went through a series of processes such as digging holes, installing lights, pulling wires, pouring water and carving. They can carve a work of ice and snow art, and each work is the release of the artist's understanding of life and art. The ice lantern garden party in Harbin attracts thousands of tourists every year. Among them, it is not difficult to find many tourists from tropical countries with excited eyes. These people who have never seen snow in the sky and ice on the ground go to China to see the ice lanterns, which has become a major event they are looking forward to during the Spring Festival.

Fujian Province 10

Minnan New Year custom

The Chinese New Year custom in rural areas of southern Fujian is different from that in cities. Rural farmhouses have many houses and doors. In addition to posting Spring Festival couplets, there are two red paper sugarcane trees on both sides of the door, which are called "door sugarcane". The dialect "sugarcane" is similar to "Jia", which means to enter a good environment. In the hall, there are New Year's Eve dinners, long vegetables and cakes on the table, and "spring branches" tied with red and yellow paper are inserted, which means that food is abundant all year round, auspicious and rich. Every household should pile sweet potatoes, vines and sticks outside the door and light them until there is smoke around the fire. The man jumped over this pile of flames according to his generation, thinking, "Jump in and make a fortune every year;" Jump out, carefree * * *; Skip the east, the grain is not empty; Skip the west and money will roll in. " This is called "fire group", which symbolizes burning the evil spirits of the old year, eliminating disasters and welcoming a clean and prosperous New Year. After the "fire jumping", we must clean the hall with a new broom. After sweeping, put the broom cupboard together and dump it by the door, hoping to get out of the broom again and help make a fortune. At the same time, we must collect some ashes from the jumping fire and put them in the charcoal stove, which is called "Tianwang", symbolizing more prosperity. Parents lead their children to sit around the stove, which is called "keeping watch around the stove". It is best to stay up late. It is said that this is to add longevity to parents. At this time, the elders give the younger generation lucky money, which is called "dividing the circle". With the progress of society and the acceleration of the pace of life, some complicated customs in rural areas of southern Fujian are gradually abolished, but the custom of farmers looking forward to a good year still exists. Especially in the cold winter of December, the whole family gathered around the warm little stove and talked about how warm and happy it was to look forward to the future in the old year.