Why do people tend to explore life on Mars?

Although the current living conditions of Mars are very different from those of the Earth, it is the most similar to the Earth among all the planets in the solar system. In the process of searching for life beyond the earth, Mars is considered as a competitor who is likely to have some form of life. Although Venus is said to be the sister star of the Earth, it seems that Venus, with its thick atmosphere and extreme temperature, a planet that can even melt lead, is not as Earth-like as Mars.

Although Mars is very cold at present, the average temperature of the earth's surface is about -63℃ at the equator and as low as-140℃ in other places. Many people will wonder how such a low temperature can give birth to life. But Mars is not always like this. There used to be a lot of liquid water on Mars like the Earth, indicating that billions of years ago, Mars had an atmosphere as thick as the Earth, and its greenhouse gases could ensure the temperature of Mars to allow liquid water to exist, and also supported the evolution of life.

But the mass of Mars is much smaller, about 14% of the Earth's, which leads to the rapid cooling of the core of Mars. The liquid core of a planet is called a magnetic field generator, a planet in the solar system without a magnetic field, and its atmosphere will be slowly stripped by solar wind particles within billions of years, resulting in the decrease of the temperature of Mars, the loss of liquid water or the freezing of parts below the surface. Even the death of complex life that once appeared.

However, some types of microorganisms can survive under extreme conditions. Although the temperature like Mars can't allow any life to thrive yet, if they are lucky enough to survive, we should be able to find evidence of life on Mars.