Introduce this country-----New Zealand

Geography

New Zealand belongs to Oceania, located in the southern Pacific Ocean, about 1,600 kilometers southeast of Australia, between Antarctica and the equator, and faces Australia across the Tasman Sea to the west. It borders New Caledonia, Tonga, and Fiji to the north, between 34 and 47 degrees south latitude. New Zealand consists of the North Island, South Island, Stewart Island and some nearby small islands, with an area of ??more than 270,000 square kilometers and an exclusive economic zone of 1.2 million square kilometers. The coastline is 6,900 kilometers long. New Zealand is known for being "green". Although the territory is mountainous, with mountains and hills accounting for more than 75% of its total area, it has a temperate maritime climate with little temperature difference throughout the seasons. Plants grow very luxuriantly. The forest coverage rate reaches 29%, and natural pastures or farms account for half of the land area. . The vast forests and pastures make New Zealand a veritable green kingdom. New Zealand is rich in hydropower resources, and 80% of the country's electricity is generated by hydropower. The forest area accounts for about 29% of the country's land area, and the ecological environment is very good. The North Island has many volcanoes and hot springs, while the South Island has many glaciers and lakes. Mount Ruapehu, the highest peak in the North Island, is 2,797 meters high. On the volcano is Lake Taupo, New Zealand's largest lake, covering an area of ??616 square kilometers. The South Island spans 40° to 47° south latitude, and there is Mount Cook, the highest peak in the country. Franz Josef Glacier and Fox Glacier in the Alps are the lowest glaciers in the world. There are a series of glacial lakes outside the mountain, among which Lake Te'anao covers an area of ??342 square kilometers and is the second largest lake in New Zealand. Sutherland Falls, with a drop of 580 meters, ranks among the highest in the world.

Climate

New Zealand has a temperate maritime climate, with seasons opposite to those in the northern hemisphere. New Zealand has summer from December to February and winter from June to August. The average temperature is 25 degrees Celsius in summer and 10 degrees Celsius in winter. The temperature difference throughout the year generally does not exceed 15 degrees. The average annual rainfall in various places is 400~1200 mm.

Environment

New Zealand separated from the mainland about 100 million years ago, allowing many primitive plants and animals to survive and evolve in an isolated environment. In addition to the unique flora and fauna, there is also a spectacular natural landscape with varied topography. After New Zealand separated from Gondwanaland, these primitive species evolved and multiplied on this independent land. The famous naturalist David Bellamy called it "Moa" "Moa's Ark", the name comes from the giant walking bird "moa" (also known as moa) unique to New Zealand, but it is now extinct. Since humans began to settle in New Zealand, many native species have disappeared in just over 1,000 years. However, in recent years, the New Zealand government has increased efforts to protect nature, and the situation has been greatly improved. Protection measures include the elimination of harmful organisms in wildlife reserves, the establishment of 13 national parks, 3 marine parks, hundreds of nature reserves and ecological zones, a marine and wetland protection network, and the protection of special rivers and lakes. In total, about 30% of New Zealand's land is protected areas. In addition, research and management plans for rare and endangered species such as kakapo parrots, lop-eared crows, kiwis and tuatara have also begun.

Plants

Despite more than 1,000 years of human deforestation, a quarter of New Zealand's land is still densely forested - most of it in the plateau. Most of these areas belong to national parks and forest parks and are prohibited from development, so you can enjoy the wild charm. New Zealand's forests are characterized by temperate, evergreen rainforests with giant tree ferns, vines and epiphytes - which look very much like a jungle. The giant kauri, one of the largest plants in the world, currently grows in the relatively small North Island lowlands and Coromandel Peninsula.

Animals

New Zealand is a paradise for rare birds. The most famous is the flightless kiwi, New Zealand's unofficial national symbol. Other flightless birds include the weka and the endangered kakapo parrot, the world's largest parrot, which can only climb low shrubs or smaller trees. Another exotic bird is the curious kea (native highland parrot), which can fly and is known for its lack of fear of humans and bold personality.