Which three canals were built in the Han Dynasty?

On the Ningxia Plain, canal irrigation can be traced back to the Qin and Han Dynasties.

Since the late Warring States period, Qin's national strength has become increasingly strong. It not only attaches importance to the management of the east and south, but also attaches great importance to the development of the west and north. Defeated Xirong Yiqu and Xiongnu, a nomadic people, and extended its territory to Hetao and its vast southwest area. In order to consolidate the rule of these places, we not only stationed heavy troops in the northwest and built the Great Wall, but also set up counties and counties in the local area for governance. Although Beidi County is located in Yiqu (Qingyang, Gansu), its jurisdiction is as far as Ningxia Plain. Fuping County, one of the counties under the jurisdiction of the county government, is located in the southwest of Wuzhong County in Ningxia. The county mainly governs Ningxia Plain. Since Qin built the Great Wall here, stationed troops, made officials and governed the people, it was natural to build water conservancy projects, solve the food problem of officers and soldiers and develop local agricultural production.

2007-4-2 0 1:22 Reply to the story of 9 fans on the second floor. In earlier documents, there is no record that the Qin Dynasty built water conservancy here. However, the legend that Qin people once dug canals here is widely circulated. According to legend, the Qin canal east of the Yellow River in Ningxia Plain was named after it was carved in Qin. Qinqu, also known as Beidi East Canal, is said to be related to its location in the east of the Yellow River in Beidi County. Historically, although the organizational system of Beidi County continued to the Tang Dynasty, only Beidi County in Qin and Han Dynasties reached Ningxia Plain. It is still possible that Qin Qu was carved in the Qin Dynasty. In addition to Hedong Qin Canal, it is said that Qin also drilled canals in Hexi, which was later called Beidi West Canal.

By the Han Dynasty, the status of Ningxia Plain was more important than that of Qin Dynasty. In order to deal with the powerful Xiongnu, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty carried out a large-scale military garrison and immigration policy on the northwest border. Immigrants only moved more than 6.5438+million mainland residents to northwest border counties such as Wuyuan, Shuofang (both counties are in Hetao area), Jiuquan and Zhangye (both counties are in Hexi Corridor area). In Ningxia Plain, Beidi County, due to the substantial increase in personnel and troops, many civil affairs and military and political institutions were once established. In the Qin Dynasty, there was only one Fuping.

2007-4-2 0 1:22 reply to 9 fans in 3rd floor county. In the Western Han Dynasty, in addition to Fuping, Lingwu (located in the north of present-day Yinchuan), Lian County (located in the west of present-day Yinchuan) and You Shun Volume (located in the northeast of present-day Zhongning County) were added. In addition, there are military organizations, such as Hunhuai Dewey and Shanghe Diannong Dewey. Due to the more and more important position here, the county government of Beidi County moved to Fuping County in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

In keeping with these changes, irrigation projects in Ningxia Plain increased and expanded in Han Dynasty. In Hedong, it is said that when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty opened a new canal, it was later called Hanqu or Hanbo Canal. The water intake of this channel is above the head of Qinqu canal, bypassing the south and east of Qinqu canal, and reinjecting the Yellow River to the north of Fuping. "Notes on Water Classics" quoted Geography as saying: "The river is divided into ditches, which flow into Fuping in the east and into the river in the north." This river ditch should refer to the Han canal. The irrigation area of Han canal is larger than that of Qin canal. In Hexi, two long irrigation canals were dug during the Eastern Han Dynasty. The Han Yan Canal was built in the fourth year of Shun Di in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 129) and was dug by Huang Guo. According to legend, it is an extension of the original Beidi West Canal. The other, hosted by Xu Ziwei, is located to the west of the Han Yan Canal and extends northward parallel to the Han Yan Canal. Because Xu Zi is Guanglu's official residence, people also call this new canal Guanglu Canal.

It can be said that the water conservancy layout of Yinchuan Plain was basically established in the Han Dynasty.