Where is the origin of the Shi family?

Looking for the roots

There are three sources of the Shi surname:

1. It comes from the surname Ji, a descendant of Shi Shi. According to "Yuanhe Surnames Compilation" and "Spring and Autumn Gongzi Genealogy", Shi Shixi, the grandson of Wei Jingbo in the Spring and Autumn Period, made great contributions to the Wei Dynasty and was the official of the Wei Dynasty. Shi Shixi's grandson Ti Zhong took his grandfather's surname as his surname.

2. It comes from his surname, and the word is the surname. According to the "Spring and Autumn Gongzi Genealogy", during the Spring and Autumn Period, Song Gongzi Duan, whose courtesy name was Zishi; during the Spring and Autumn Period, Zheng Gongzi Feng had a son named Gongsun Duan, whose courtesy name was Zishi. Both of them later took the character as their surname.

3. Those who join from other clans or change their surname to Shi from other clans.

A. One of the "Nine Zhaowu Surnames" during the Sui and Tang Dynasties. At that time, some people from the Shi Kingdom in the Western Regions (today's Tashkent, Uzbekistan) moved to the Central Plains and changed their surname to Shi;

B. According to " According to "Book of Wei·Guan Shi Zhi", during the Sinicization reform of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Wushilan family of Xianbei was changed to a single surname of Shi;

C. According to "Lu of Later Zhao", Zhang Xiang of the Sixteen Kingdoms The governor was changed to Shi Hui, and Ran Min was changed to Shi Min;

D. According to "Northern History", the surname Lou was changed to Shi;

E. Shangdang Shi The surname is the surname of the Jie people. They first belonged to the other tribes of the Xiongnu, and then scattered in Shangdang and Wuxiang;

G. According to "Nine Kingdoms", the surname Wanzhou Shi originated from Persia, and during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Sima Shi in Shuli Prefecture was Wen;

H. During the Jin Dynasty The Jurchens Oul and Shizhan changed their surname to Shi;

I, today the Dong, Shui, Achang, Man, Lahu, Hui, Tujia, Dongxiang, Li, Qiang, and Mongolian peoples have this surname.

The ancestor who got the surname

Shi Shixi. His real name was Gongsun Shixi, also known as Shi. He was the grandson of Wei Jingbo, the sixth grandson of Uncle Kang in the Spring and Autumn Period, and a wise minister of the Wei Kingdom. His son Shi Hou assisted his son Zhouxu to kill Duke Huan of Wei, and Zhouxu established himself as king. At this time, Shi Shixi had retired and returned to his hometown. In order to get rid of Zhouxu and his followers, Shi Shixi set up a clever plan to kill Zhouxu and Shihou under the false pretenses of Chen Henggong, and welcomed Duke Huan's younger brother Gongzi Jin as the king of the country, that is, Wei. Xuan Gong. Shi Shixi's great wisdom and courage in this incident, and his righteousness in killing relatives, were praised by the world and he was called a pure minister. Later, Shi Hou's son, Ti Zhong, took his grandfather's name as his surname and adopted the surname Shi. Later people respected Shi Shixi as the ancestor of people with the surname Shi.

Proliferation

About 2,000 years ago, after Shi Shixi’s righteous contribution to annihilating his relatives, their family prospered in the Wei Kingdom for a long time, and their descendants became noble officials for generations. . It can be seen that the surname Shi first originated from the land of Weiguo at that time, which is today's northern Henan area. The Shi surname originated from Wei State, and its initial migration direction was Shandong. Shandong is adjacent to Henan and was the territory of the original Lu State. To be precise, after Wei Gongzi Zhouxu killed his king, the Wei surname There are already people active in Shandong. Before the Qin and Han Dynasties, people with the Shi surname mainly thrived in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and at the same time some people migrated to the south of the Yangtze River. During the Han Dynasty, the Shi surname had spread to the north of Shandong Province, the south of Hebei Province, and the area north of the Yellow River in Henan Province, and soon became the early breeding center of the Shi surname. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, it flourished in the Bohai Sea and the Plains. The Shi surnames of these two major commanders are all descendants of Shi Shixi. They respect Sun Shifen, a descendant of Shi Shixi, as their founding ancestor. In addition, there are three major settlements of the Shi surname in the north, namely the three major counties of Wuwei, Shangdang and Henan. Among them, the Shangdang Shi surname is a descendant of Zhao Shile during the Sixteen Kingdoms period, and the Henan Shi surname is a descendant of the Wushilan family of Xianbei. People with the Pingyuan Shi family had already moved to Guangling (now Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province) before the Yuanhe period of the Tang Dynasty, while some people with the Henan Shi family also moved to Guozhou (now Lingbao, Henan Province) before the Yuanhe period of the Tang Dynasty. At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, some people with the surname Shi from Gushi, Henan Province, followed Chen Zheng and Chen Yuanguang's father and son to Kaizhang, Fujian and settled there. In the fourth year of Tiancheng's reign in the Tang Dynasty (929), Shi Ju moved from Shouxian County, Anhui Province to Tong'an, Fujian Province, and then dispersed. All over Fujian and Guangdong. During the Five Dynasties, the Shi surname formed a prominent southern Fujian family in Fujian. After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the surname Shi spread throughout most areas in the south of the Yangtze River. During the Hongwu period of the early Ming Dynasty, the Shi surname was one of the surnames of the people who migrated to Hongdong's large locust tree, and was moved to Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Beijing, Tianjin, Shaanxi, Gansu and other places. At this time, Shi Yuquan established his foundation in Yongfengli, Nanjing, Fujian. Later, many of his descendants went to Taiwan, and then spread overseas.

Today, Shi surnames are mostly distributed in Sichuan, Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi, Liaoning, Henan and other provinces. The above six provinces account for about 63% of the Han population with Shi surnames in the country.

Junwangtang No.

In the long-term process of reproduction and migration, the counties formed by the Shi surname include: 1. Wuwei County, the seat of the Western Han Dynasty in Wuwei (now Minqin, Gansu Province) , moved to Guzang (today's Wuwei, Gansu) in the Eastern Han Dynasty; 2. Bohai County, where Fuyang (today's Cangzhou, Hebei) was governed; 3. Pingyuan County, where Pingyuan was governed (today's southwest of Pingyuan County, Shandong); 4. Shangdang County, where It was located in Huguan (today's north of Changzhi, Shanxi); 5. Henan County, where it was governed was Luoyang (today's northeast of Luoyang, Henan).

Call name:

"Culai", "Pingyuan", "Sicheng", "Dunmu", "Sandian", "Yongmu", etc.

Clan Characteristics

1. The Shi surname originates from both Han and ethnic minorities, but no matter which branch they come from, they are all members of the Chinese family. Everyone with the Shi surname is familiar with them. It can be said that they were one family five hundred years ago.

2. The lines of words are arranged in an orderly manner. For example, the one-character surname Shi in Laoting, Hebei Province: "Xuanci Qingde, the book is loyal and upright, and it brings benefits to all." The essence of celebrities?

Shi Shen: an astronomer during the Warring States Period, he and Gan De There are more than 810 star records measured. It is the oldest star list in the world, including the "Gan Shi Star Book". Shi Chong: A native of Bohai Nanpi (now part of Hebei), he was a powerful official in the Western Jin Dynasty. He was famous for his fight for wealth and extravagance with his noble relative Wang Kai. Shi Le: A native of Jie in Wuxiang, Shangdang (now Yushe, Shanxi Province), he was the founder of Later Zhao during the Sixteen Kingdoms period. He reigned for fourteen years and promoted the great integration of the nationalities. Shi Jingtang: The founder of the Later Jin Dynasty and the famous "son emperor" in history who recognized the Khitan as his father. He ceded the Sixteen Youyun Prefectures to the Khitan and was reviled by later generations. Shi Ke: A native of Pixian County, Chengdu (now part of Sichuan), he was a painter in the early Song Dynasty. He was good at painting Buddhist and Taoist figures. His pen and ink were free and easy, his style was simple and free, and he was exaggerated and stubborn. He was the forerunner of Liang Kai's reduced-stroke figure painting in the Southern Song Dynasty. Shi Shouxin: A native of Junyi, Kaifeng (now Kaifeng, Henan), a famous general in the Northern Song Dynasty. Chenqiao rebelled, and Zhao Kuangyin proclaimed himself emperor. After a drink of wine, he released his military power, leaving only a vacant post. Ship Pu: A native of Taiyuan (now part of Shanxi), a famous general in the Northern Song Dynasty. He once went to Sichuan to suppress Li Shun's uprising, and later led troops to fight against the Khitan and Xixia. He was granted the title of Military Envoy of Henan Province due to his meritorious service, and later he was assigned to Xijing. Shi Yannian: A native of Songcheng, Yingtian (now Shangqiu, Henan Province), he was a famous writer in the Song Dynasty. From the official to the prince Zhongyun, his poetic style was vigorous and vigorous, which was highly praised by Ouyang Xiu. His writing was also vigorous and he was good at calligraphy. His strokes were vigorous and his facial features were strong and sinewy. His characters became larger and more strange, so he was named Sanjue. There is "Shi Manqing's Poetry Collection". Shi Jie: A native of Fengfu, Yanzhou (now southeast of Tai'an, Shandong Province), he was a writer in the Song Dynasty and was known as Mr. Cuilai. He was later promoted to Prince Zhongyun and directed to Jixian Academy. Shanhaohan advocated the unification of Taoism and culture, admired Han Yu, opposed Xikun style, and wrote "Cu Lai Ji". Shi Xiaoyou: A native of Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, he was a Jinshi in the second year of Qiandao in the Song Dynasty. He is famous for his poetry. He often writes about the love between men and women in slang and common expressions. He has "Jingu Yiyin". Shi Junbao: A native of Pingyang (now Linfen, Shanxi), a dramatist in the Yuan Dynasty and a Jurchen. "Qiu Hu Plays with His Wife" is his representative work. Shi Yunyu: A native of Wuxian County (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province), he was the number one scholar in the fifty-fifth year of Qianlong's reign, and served as an envoy to Shandong Province. He is good at poetry and painting, especially in official calligraphy, and is also good at ancient prose. He is the author of Duxuelu Poems and Essays. Shi Dakai: A native of Guixian County, Guangxi, he was the wing king of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. He was brave and resourceful. He repeatedly defeated the Qing army in the early stage of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom's victorious march, the establishment of its capital in Nanjing, and the western expedition.