Why were the ancient capitals of China in Xi and Luoyang?

In ancient China, many factors decided the location of the capital. Including natural factors such as geographical location and mountain situation, as well as human factors such as economy and culture. Chang 'an and Luoyang have well met many conditions.

First of all, Chang 'an is located in the west, at the junction of the mainland and the frontier, while Luoyang is the best in the world, extending in all directions, and Luoyang has more advantages in convenient transportation. Chang 'an lives in Guanzhong, with natural barrier in the east, Wuguan in the south, Sanguan in the west and Xiaoguan in the north. Easier to defend than to attack. Once an accident happens in the east, you can sit in Chang' an, and you can attack and retreat.

The political needs of the dynasty also determined the location of its capital. Haojing, the capital of the Western Zhou Dynasty, is the birthplace of the Zhou family in Guanzhong, which is very suitable for their farming economy. When the capital of Luoyi was established, Luoyi became Zhou, with the purpose of monitoring and deterring the immigrants of Shang Dynasty and controlling the eastern territory. After the reunification of the Qin dynasty, the original capital was used, and the country was short-lived, so the problem of capital migration was not considered in time.

The capital of the Western Han Dynasty was originally Luoyang, and later Lou Jing remonstrated and urged the dangerous rich in Guanzhong. In addition to the above reasons, the Western Han Dynasty finally made Guanzhong its capital, and because a large number of vassal states were enfeoffed to the east, Chang 'an, its capital, could put out possible rebellion at any time.

Extended data:

The time of the dynasty and the name of the capital, regional jurisdiction

Worship the country about 2200 years ago-/kloc-before 0/027, worship Gyeonggi.

BC 1027? -Fengjing, Haojing, Gyeonggi Fan, Du, Gaoling, Lishan and Lantian 771year ago.

From 350 to 206, the historical capitals of Xianyang were Lantian, Gaoling, Liyang, Du Xian, Yili and Xianyang.

202 BC-109 Chang 'an Jing Zhaoyin Chang 'an, Lantian, Xinfeng, Baling, Ling Du, Feng Ming, Nanling [county] Zuo Fengyi [government] jurisdiction: Gaoling, Liyang, Wannian [county] and Youfufeng [government] jurisdiction: Huxian, Zhouzhi [county].

The new dynasty of 9-23 years, An Jing Zhao Yin, is the same as above.

Eastern Han Dynasty 190 ─ 195 Chang 'an Jingzhao Silver Chang 'an, Lantian, Xinfeng, Baling, [County] Zuofengyi [Government] Jurisdiction: Gaoling, Wannian [County] Youfufeng [Government] Huxian [County].

Western Jin Dynasty 313-316 Chang 'an Jingzhao County Chang 'an, Lantian, Xinfeng, Yinlike, Ling Du, Bacheng, Blast Furnace and Wannian Shiping County [Government] Jurisdiction: Huxian County [County].

Qianzhao 3 19-328 Chang 'an Jingzhao County Chang 'an, Lantian, Xinfeng, Yinlike, Bacheng, Blast Furnace and Wannian Fufeng County [County] Jurisdiction: Zhouzhi [County] Shiping County [County] Jurisdiction: Huxian County [County].

From 35 1 year to 385 before the Qin Dynasty, Jing Zhaojun and Chang 'an [province] in Jing Zhaoyin [prefecture]: Chang 'an, Lantian, Xinfeng, Yinlikuo, Ling Du, Bacheng, blast furnace and Fufeng County [prefecture] in Wannian [county]: Zhouzhi [prefecture] Shiping County [prefecture].

386-4 17 After the Qin Dynasty, Jing Zhao County, Chang 'an [province] Jing Zhao County [government] area: Chang 'an, Lantian, Xinfeng, northern Shaanxi, capital, Bacheng, blast furnace, Fufeng County [government] area: Zhouzhi [county] Shiping County [government].

From 534 to 557 in the Western Wei Dynasty, the Jing Zhaoyin Yongzhou [province] Jing Zhaoyin [government] area of Chang 'an: Chang 'an, Bacheng, Northern Shaanxi, Du Xian, Lantian, Xinfeng, Yinlike and Huxian Fengyi County [government] area: Liu Gao, Yangguang, Wannian and Yanzhou [county].

In 557-58 1 year of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Chang 'an Jingzhaoyin Yongzhou [province] Jingzhaoyin [government] governs: Chang 'an, Wannian, Lantian, Xinfeng, Huxian Fengyi County [government] governs: Yang Guang, Gao Lu [county] Hengzhou [province] Zhou Nan County [government] governs:

During the Sui Dynasty (58 1 year -6 17), Jingzhao County, Daxing District: Daxing, Chang 'an, Gaoling, Lantian, Zhouzhi, Huxian, Xinfeng and Wannian [county].

Tang Dynasty 6 18-904 Gyeonggi Province Gyeonggi Province [province] Jingzhaofu District: Wannian, Chang 'an, Gaoling, Liyang, Zhao Ying, Lantian, Huxian and Zhouzhi [county].

Dashun 1644 ── 1645 Chang 'an Xijing

References:

People's Network-Chang 'an Luoyang Why do emperors prefer these two places with capitals?