Information about spacecraft

Vostok spacecraft

The Vostok 1 spacecraft consists of a crew cabin, an equipment cabin and a final stage rocket, with a total weight of 6.17 tons and a length of 7.35 meters. The crew capsule is spherical in shape, with a diameter of 2.3 meters and a weight of 2.4 tons. The outside is covered with high-temperature-resistant materials and can withstand temperatures of about 5,000 degrees Celsius caused by friction when re-entering the atmosphere. The crew cabin can only carry one person. It has three hatches. One is for the astronauts to enter and exit, the other is the hatch connected to the equipment cabin, and the third is the hatch for the parachute when returning. The astronauts can observe or take pictures through the portholes. Extravehicular scene. The astronaut's seat is equipped with an ejection device, which can be used for emergency ejection in the event of an accident. At the same time, when the spacecraft descended to 7,000 meters above the ground, the astronauts ejected from the cabin together with their seats and opened their parachutes to descend. When they reached an altitude of 4,000 meters, the astronauts separated from their seats and returned to the ground by parachute alone. The equipment cabin is a conical cylindrical shape with a length of 2.25 meters and a weight of 2.27 tons. Before the spacecraft returns to the atmosphere, it is separated from the crew and left in space useless. The Vostok 1 spacecraft opened mankind's path to space.

Voskhov spacecraft

The Voskhod spacecraft weighs 5.32 tons, and the diameter of the spherical crew cabin is roughly the same as that of the Vostok spacecraft. The improvement is to improve the sealing and reliability of the cabin. sex. Astronauts do not need to wear spacesuits in the cockpit. When returning, they no longer use ejection, but softly land with the crew cabin. Voskhod 1 carried three astronauts and flew in space for 24 hours and 17 minutes; Voskhod 2 carried two astronauts and flew in space for 26 hours and 2 minutes.

Soyuz spacecraft

The Soyuz spacecraft consists of three parts: the orbital module, the command module and the equipment module. The total weight is about 6.5 tons and the total length is about 7 meters. The astronauts are in orbit. Work and live in the cabin; the equipment cabin is cylindrical, 2.3 meters long, 2.3 meters in diameter, and weighs about 2.6 tons. It is equipped with telemetry, communications, energy, temperature control and other equipment; the command cabin is bell-shaped, with a bottom diameter of 3 meters and a length of It is about 2.3 meters and weighs about 2.8 tons. Before returning to the atmosphere, the spacecraft jettisoned the orbital module and equipment module, and the command module loaded the astronauts back to the ground. Starting from the Soyuz 10 spacecraft, the former Soviet Union's spacecraft shifted to docking with the space station for manned flights, pushing manned space activities to a higher stage.