Albazin incident

/kloc-in the middle of the 0/7th century, Russia stepped up its military and religious activities in the Outer Xing 'an Mountains and the Heilongjiang Valley. On the one hand, immigrants from Russia settled here, on the other hand, they forced many local ethnic groups to abandon Shamanism, convert to Orthodox Church, submit to and be loyal to the Tsar. After some Tungusic nationalities and Mongolian tribes approached Russia, the Qing emperor was worried about border defense.

1685, China troops captured the Upper Albazin Fortress (jaxa) in amur river, and 45 prisoners were taken to Beijing, from which the life history of Russians in China began. Emperor Kangxi was so kind to the Albanians that all the Albanians lived in an alley in Dongzhimen. They were incorporated into the army, and under the yellow flag, they were made into the seventeenth auxiliary leader of Manchuria (Russian auxiliary leader), which was called the "Russian team". And awarded them four to seven titles respectively, enjoying the same preferential treatment as standard bearers. Like the officers and men in China, they received state housing, living expenses and farmland. The single Cossack married a woman in China. At first, Albanians didn't have their own church, and Albanians visited Catholic South Church. Later, Guandi Temple was transferred to Albazin people.

At first, these Cossacks were allowed to marry widows left by local beheaded criminals. Their descendants married local China people. Although they no longer speak Russian, their Orthodox faith has remained.

1686, Pastor Maxim Leontof (he was the first Orthodox priest in China) converted it into Sofia Church, where he served as a pastor until 1695. Russians usually call this small church Nicholas Church, while China calls it Ricardo Roberto Barreto da Rocha Temple, which gives the meaning of the word "Russian Temple". Since then, they have flourished in Beijing, with 400 to 500 people at the beginning of last century. According to Zhao Deben, the former pastor of the Russian Orthodox Church Beijing Missionary Mission, the Russian Orthodox Church began to send the Orthodox Church Beijing Missionary Mission to Beijing from 17 13. Russians who came to China later found that Albazin people kept their faith, but they gradually lost their Russian physical characteristics. By the end of19th century, it is estimated that there were 65,438+0,000 Albanians living in Beijing.

1900, the Boxer Rebellion in Beijing began to burn churches and kill the parishioners in the city to fight against Eight-Nation Alliance who was attacking Tianjin. After Eight-Nation Alliance captured Beijing, he started burning, killing and looting. After the Gengzi Incident, the patriarch of Moscow Orthodox Church issued an order to give preferential treatment to the families of parishioners killed in the Boxer Rebellion and select their descendants as priests as the backbone of the church. "People who enjoy this kind of preferential treatment are romanov, dubinin, Yao 15th Brigade, He, and the descendants of Father Ji. Except for the Manchu in the father's season, the rest are Alban Russian-born Lu Niu people. "

During the Boxer Movement, many foreigners and Christians in China were killed. The Russian Orthodox Church claims that 222 Albanians were killed. After the Cultural Revolution, several Albazin families moved to the former Soviet Union, but most of them chose to stay in China.

At the beginning of 2005, some Albanians were invited to visit Russia in search of sources.