Geological disaster relocation and avoidance project

Relocation and avoidance is a traditional and effective measure to avoid casualties and property losses caused by geological disasters. China has a vast territory, and the vast rural areas are prone to geological disasters, and the areas prone to sudden geological disasters are old, few, marginal and poor areas, so it is extremely uneconomical to build governance projects. Therefore, it is an effective disaster reduction measure in line with China's national conditions to combine geological disaster prevention with poverty alleviation in mountainous areas and implement step-by-step relocation and avoidance. In short, relocation and avoidance are suitable for areas with difficult governance, sparse population and easy occurrence of large-scale landslides, mudslides, collapses and ground collapses.

At present, there is no complete statistical data about the overall situation of relocation and avoidance in China. The author explains the present situation of geological disaster relocation and avoidance in China by introducing the information of relocation and avoidance in the following provinces or regions.

3.3. 1 Relocation and avoidance of management work

Badong County decomposes the investment in relocation and avoidance treatment to villages and towns at one time according to the relocation physical indicators of all kinds of landslides and referring to the investment calculation method in the Planning Report on Relocation and Avoidance of Geological Disaster Prevention Project in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Hubei Province. On the basis of full investigation and study, this paper puts forward the investment calculation scheme of geological disaster relocation and avoidance in the Three Gorges reservoir area and the resettlement scheme of rural immigrants for geological disaster prevention and control projects. This paper discusses the scope of relocation avoidance, resettlement principle, physical index treatment, production resettlement, relocation resettlement, fund management, landslide and other issues.

3.3.2 Implementation of relocation and avoidance

(1) Beijing

There are two geological disaster-prone areas in Beijing, namely, the debris flow-prone area in Beishan, Beijing and the ground collapse-prone area in Xishan, Beijing. Through the large-scale evacuation in the 1990s, the villages affected by debris flow in Beishan and Xishan in Beijing and the villages affected by ground collapse in Xishan in Beijing have been basically relocated, but only a few villages have not taken disaster reduction measures, such as Lujia Village, Wanglongkou Village in Zhaitang, Lijiazhuang Village and Qingshui Jianchang Village. In addition, the Yunmeng Mountain Scenic Area in the north of Beijing and the Qingshuihe River Basin Scenic Area in the west of Beijing are just debris flow-prone areas, and the summer vacation in Beijing coincides with the peak rainfall. Most of the residential and recreational facilities built in Yishan Gully do not consider the requirements of disaster prevention and avoidance.

(2) Shanxi Province

Land subsidence and ground fissures caused by mining account for more than 60% of the total number of geological disasters. 45 villages have been relocated.

(3) Fujian Province

Nearly 300 geological disaster relocation and avoidance projects have been completed, with a population of about 20,000. There are still 750 places to be relocated, with a population of more than 40,000.

(4) Hubei Province

There are 45 1 geological disasters in Zhushan county (August 2000) 17 townships, threatening 3 155 households 1365 1 person. Through overall planning, the county aims at "near the base and near the market town", organizes threatened households to move and takes avoidance measures to prevent geological disasters. In 2002-2003, 429 households 1778 people moved out of geological disaster spots, and the farmers who moved out of geological disaster spots lived in peace of mind and became rich at an accelerated pace. Zhushan county plans to use another three years to move out all the remaining households at the scene of geological disasters.

In order to prevent landslide geological disasters in Badong County, 759 people from 6 landslide sites in 3 towns and villages need to be avoided and relocated, involving 33,700 m2 of various houses, 6 1m2 of fences, 3658.2m2 of cement threshing ground, 7 wells, 8 biogas digesters 18, 74 pigsty and septic tanks. At present, 7 households with 29 people have been relocated. Another 39 households 172 people are going through the relocation procedures.

5 Guangdong province

There are 43 geological disasters in Wuhua county 17 townships, including 8 serious disasters, and the threatened population reaches more than 1. 1.0000. The county actively adopts engineering management methods such as slope cutting and load reduction, vegetation restoration, furrowing with plastic film coverage and building protective walls to control geological disasters, and at the same time introduces preferential policies to mobilize farmers threatened by disasters to transfer to avoid risks. In 2003, the county invested more than 70,000 yuan to help 16 threatened farmers move and build new houses. Another 654.38+10,000 yuan was raised to acquire 5 mu of land for Liusha Village in Jiangqiao Town, where geological disasters were serious, and a new residential village was planned and built in a unified way to solve the problem of resettlement land for affected farmers.

(6) Shaanxi

Shangnan County collectively relocated 3 households 10 people who were threatened by landslides in the tile house under the Qingyou River. Danfeng County organized an emergency investigation team in time to deal with three dangerous disasters, delimit dangerous areas, resettle victims, strengthen monitoring and minimize disaster losses. Zhen 'an County mobilized the enthusiasm of enterprises and invested 470,000 yuan to effectively control mine geological disasters and relocate the affected people.

By the end of July 2002, Shangluo had relocated 227 households with 983 people and eliminated 20 hidden dangers of geological disasters.

3.3.3 Effects and benefits of relocation avoidance

According to the statistics of 257 geological disaster prevention and control points that have taken measures to avoid relocation in Fujian Province, * * * invested 6.5438+0.4364 million yuan in relocation expenses, and relocated 6.5438+0.8364 people, with a per capita relocation expense of 0.78 million yuan, including 29 relocation avoidance projects with per capita relocation expenses exceeding 6.5438+0.5 million yuan, accounting for 6.5433% of the total relocation projects.