What are the water conservancy and hydropower projects?

Question 1: What exactly does water conservancy and hydropower project mean? Business training goal: this major trains senior engineering and technical personnel who can meet the needs of water conservancy and hydropower construction and development in the 2 1 century and have the spirit of innovation and pioneering. Master the basic theory and professional knowledge of planning, design, construction and management of water conservancy and hydropower projects comprehensively and systematically.

Water conservancy and hydropower engineering

, with the comprehensive application of knowledge to solve practical engineering problems. Graduates can engage in planning, design and scientific research in the fields of water conservancy and hydropower resources development, large-scale water control project survey, design, construction and management.

Business training requirements: Students in this major mainly study the basic theories and knowledge of mathematics, mechanics and building structure necessary for the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects, so that students can get the necessary basic training in engineering design methods, construction management methods and scientific research methods, and have the basic ability of water conservancy and hydropower project survey, planning, design, construction, scientific research and management.

Graduates should have the following knowledge and abilities:

1. Solid foundation in natural science, good foundation in humanities and social sciences, and strong comprehensive foreign language ability;

2. Master the basic theories and knowledge of engineering mechanics, fluid mechanics, geotechnical mechanics, engineering geology, engineering survey, engineering hydrology, river dynamics and management;

3. Master the basic theory, knowledge and skills of engineering structure design;

4 master the survey, planning, design, construction and management technology of large and medium-sized water conservancy and hydropower projects and river regulation projects;

5. Strong computer application ability;

6. Have the necessary skills of surveying, mapping, calculation and basic process operation for water conservancy and hydropower projects.

Question 2: What specialties does water conservancy project include? Agricultural water conservancy engineering, water conservancy and hydropower engineering, hydrology and water resources, hydraulics and river dynamics, port and waterway engineering, etc.

Postgraduates majoring in water conservancy: agricultural soil and water engineering (this is a little partial to agriculture), water conservancy and hydropower engineering, hydraulic structure engineering, hydrology and water resources, hydraulics, river dynamics, etc.

Question 3: What are the water conservancy projects? water conservancy project

Projects for eliminating water disasters and developing and utilizing water resources. According to its service objects, it is divided into flood control projects, farmland water conservancy projects, hydropower projects, waterway and port projects, water supply and drainage projects, environmental water conservancy projects, beach reclamation projects and so on. Water conservancy projects that can serve flood control, water supply, irrigation and power generation at the same time are called comprehensive utilization water conservancy projects. Water conservancy projects need to build different types of hydraulic structures, such as dams, dikes, spillways, sluices, inlets, channels, water crossings, rafts and fishways, in order to achieve their goals. Compared with other projects, water conservancy projects have the following characteristics: ① wide influence. Water conservancy project planning is an integral part of river basin planning or regional water conservancy planning. The construction of a water conservancy project will have a great impact on the environment of its surrounding areas, including advantages and disadvantages such as flooding, immersion, migration and relocation. Therefore, the planning of water conservancy projects must proceed from the overall situation of the basin or region, and make overall plans to reduce adverse effects and obtain the best economic, social and environmental effects. ② Water conservancy projects are generally large in scale, large in investment, complex in technology and long in construction period.

Question 4: What kinds of water conservancy projects refer to? They can be divided into: flood control projects to prevent flood disasters; Irrigation and water conservancy projects or irrigation and drainage projects to prevent drought and flood disasters and serve agricultural production; Hydropower projects that convert water energy into electric energy; Waterway and port projects to improve and create shipping conditions; Urban water supply and drainage projects that serve industrial and domestic water and treat and remove sewage and rainwater; Water and soil conservation projects and environmental water conservancy projects to prevent soil erosion and water pollution and maintain ecological balance; Fishery water conservancy projects to protect and promote fishery production; Land reclamation and reclamation projects to meet the needs of industrial and agricultural production or transportation. Water conservancy projects that serve flood control, irrigation, power generation and shipping at the same time are called comprehensive utilization water conservancy projects.

Question 5: What kinds of water-related projects do water conservancy and hydropower projects include hydropower stations, reservoirs, canals, aqueducts, bridges and culverts, sluices, ports, docks, water plants, pump houses and so on?

Question 6: What are the specialties of water conservancy? Water conservancy science is a science that human society transforms nature, involving a variety of knowledge of natural science and social science. Mainly includes: meteorology, geology, geography, surveying and mapping, agronomy, forestry, ecology, mechanics, electrical engineering, economics, history, management, environmental science and so on. The branches of contemporary water conservancy science can be divided into four categories according to their nature.

Basic subject

Including hydrology, hydraulics, river dynamics, solid mechanics, soil mechanics, rock mechanics and so on.

Professional disciplines

Including flood control, irrigation and drainage, hydropower, waterways and ports, soil and water conservation, urban water supply and drainage (consider China Encyclopedia? Civil engineering has branches of water supply and drainage engineering. In order to avoid duplication, only one town water supply is set in this volume.

According to the working procedure

Including water conservancy survey, water conservancy planning, hydraulic structures (design), water conservancy project construction, water conservancy management, etc.

General department

Including water history, water economics, water resources, etc.

Question 7: What are the specialties of water conservancy and hydropower engineering? An incomplete object.

If you understand what majors are included, you can answer:

Water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction

Hydrology and water resources

agricultural water conservancy project

Water conservancy project cost, etc.

Question 8: What kinds of water conservancy projects specifically include? It is used to control and allocate surface water and groundwater in nature, so as to achieve the purpose of killing insects and promoting profits. Also known as water engineering. Water is an indispensable and precious resource for human production and life, but its natural state can not fully meet human needs. Only by building water conservancy projects can we control water flow, prevent floods, adjust and distribute water quantity and meet the needs of people's life and production for water resources.

Classification can be divided into: flood control projects to prevent flood disasters; Irrigation and water conservancy projects or irrigation and drainage projects to prevent drought and flood disasters and serve agricultural production; Hydropower projects that convert water energy into electric energy; Waterway and port projects to improve and create shipping conditions; Urban water supply and drainage projects that serve industrial and domestic water and treat and remove sewage and rainwater; Water and soil conservation projects and environmental water conservancy projects to prevent soil erosion and water pollution and maintain ecological balance; Fishery water conservancy projects to protect and promote fishery production; Land reclamation and reclamation projects to meet the needs of industrial and agricultural production or transportation. Water conservancy projects that serve flood control, irrigation, power generation and shipping at the same time are called comprehensive utilization water conservancy projects.

The basic components of water conservancy projects are various hydraulic structures, including water retaining structures, water discharge structures, water intake structures and water delivery structures. In addition, there are hydraulic structures that serve a certain purpose, such as hydraulic structures with special functions for river regulation, navigation, fish crossing, wood crossing, hydropower generation and sewage treatment. Hydraulic structures are combined into different types of water conservancy projects in various forms.

Features Water conservancy projects are different from other projects in the following aspects. ① Very systematic and comprehensive. A single water conservancy project is an organic part of various water conservancy projects in the same basin and region, which complement and restrict each other; A single water conservancy project itself is often comprehensive, and its service objectives are closely related and contradictory. Water conservancy projects are also closely related to other sectors of the national economy. The planning and design of water conservancy projects must proceed from the overall situation, systematically and comprehensively analyze and study, in order to get the most economical and reasonable optimization scheme. ② Great impact on the environment. Water conservancy projects will not only affect the economy and society in this area through their construction tasks, but also affect the natural features, ecological environment and natural landscape of rivers, lakes and nearby areas, and even the regional climate to varying degrees. This kind of influence has both advantages and disadvantages, so it must be fully estimated in the planning and design, give full play to the positive role of water conservancy projects and eliminate its negative influence. ③ The working conditions are complicated. All kinds of hydraulic structures in water conservancy projects are constructed and operated under natural conditions such as meteorology, hydrology and geology, so it is difficult to accurately grasp them. They bear the thrust, buoyancy, permeability and scouring force of water, and their working conditions are more complicated than other buildings. (4) The benefits of water conservancy projects are random and vary according to different hydrological conditions every year. Irrigation and water conservancy projects are also closely related to changes in meteorological conditions. ⑤ Water conservancy projects are generally large in scale, complex in technology, long in construction period and large in investment, and must be carried out in accordance with the basic construction procedures and relevant standards (see water conservancy project construction procedures).

Looking forward to the rapid population growth, insufficient available water resources, urban water supply shortage, energy shortage, ecological environment deterioration and other major problems in most countries in the world, are closely related to water. Flood control and full development and utilization of water resources have become major issues in contemporary social and economic development. The development trend of water conservancy projects is as follows: ① flood control engineering measures are further combined with non-engineering measures, and non-engineering measures play an increasingly important role; (2) The development and utilization of water resources will further develop in a comprehensive and multi-objective direction; ③ The function of water conservancy projects should not only meet the people's growing needs of life and the development of industrial and agricultural production, but also serve to protect and improve the environment; ④ Further develop large-scale water resources allocation projects such as inter-basin water transfer; ⑤ With the development of new exploration technology, new analytical calculation and monitoring test methods, new materials and new technology, complex foundations and high-head hydraulic structures will be developed, local materials will be more widely used, and the cost of hydraulic structures will be further reduced; ⑥ Gradually strengthen the unified management and dispatching of water resources and water conservancy projects.

water conservancy project

Projects for eliminating water disasters and developing and utilizing water resources. According to its service objects, it is divided into flood control projects, farmland water conservancy projects, hydropower projects, waterways and ports ... >>

Question 9: What majors do water conservancy and hydropower generally include? The professional names of different institutions may be different, and there may be more or less majors. The following are for reference only:

Undergraduate course: water conservancy and hydropower engineering, hydrology and water resources engineering, agricultural water conservancy engineering, thermal energy and power engineering;

Graduate students: hydrology and water resources, hydraulics and river dynamics, geotechnical engineering, hydraulic structure engineering, water conservancy and hydropower engineering. Each major has different research directions, such as soil mechanics, rock mechanics and engineering, soil statics, foundation and high earth-rock dam, engineering numerical simulation, earthquake detection and so on.