What are the top five diseases in the world?

At present, due to global warming, malaria is increasingly threatening more and more countries and regions, posing a great threat to people's health.

Malaria is a global acute parasitic infection, which is caused by plasmodium and spread by Anopheles mosquitoes. Worldwide, the number of patients with clinical symptoms is between 300 million and 500 million every year, and the number of people who die of malaria is between1000000 and 3 million every year, most of whom are children. Children, pregnant women, tourists and new immigrants from all over the world have poor immunity to plasmodium, so they are high-risk groups susceptible to malaria. The main endemic areas of malaria are Central Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia and tropical areas in northern South America, among which Africa is the most prevalent.

Most malaria patients have high fever symptoms. Because the early symptoms are similar to influenza, many foreign tourists who are not familiar with the disease can easily mistake malaria for a cold, which makes the disease worse because they have not received timely medical treatment.

Without timely and effective treatment, the mortality rate of malaria patients will be very high. This is also one of the main reasons why malaria is rampant in Africa. Due to the war and economic development, the public health and medical conditions in African countries in epidemic areas are usually very bad, which makes the malaria infection rate and mortality rate in these places remain high.

Second, dengue fever.

There are about 50 million cases of dengue fever worldwide every year, which are common in tropical and subtropical regions.

Dengue fever is an acute infectious disease caused by dengue virus and spread by Aedes mosquitoes. The clinical manifestations are sudden onset, high fever, systemic muscle, bone marrow and joint pain, extreme fatigue, and some patients may have rash, bleeding tendency and lymph node enlargement.

The disease was found in Cairo, Egypt, Jakarta, Indonesia and Philadelphia, USA from 65438 to 0779, and was named joint fever and fracture fever according to its symptoms. 1869 was named dengue fever by the Royal College of Physicians in London, England. In the 20th century, dengue fever was prevalent many times in the world, with millions of cases, and it has been prevalent in Southeast Asia.

There are about 50 million cases of dengue fever worldwide every year, which are common in tropical and subtropical regions. Dengue fever has become active in recent years, affecting all parts of the world. Dengue fever has become endemic in some countries in Southeast Asia, and there are imported cases or local outbreaks in China.

Third, encephalitis.

Encephalitis (forest encephalitis), also known as Soviet encephalitis in spring and summer or Far East encephalitis.

Encephalitis (forest encephalitis), also known as Soviet encephalitis or Far East encephalitis in spring and summer, is an acute central nervous system infectious disease caused by the spread of forest encephalitis virus through Ixodes. The clinical manifestations are sudden high fever, disturbance of consciousness, headache, neck strength, muscle paralysis of upper limbs, neck and scapula, and many sequelae.

Forest encephalitis virus belongs to arbovirus group B and belongs to RNA virus. It can proliferate in various cells, resist low temperature, and is sensitive to high temperature and disinfectant. Wild rodents and birds are the main sources of infection, and young animals in forest areas can also become sources of infection. The main route of transmission is mosquito bites. People are generally susceptible, but most of them are recessive infections, only about 1% have symptoms, and their immunity lasts after illness. The disease is distributed in China, Soviet Union, Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Poland, Austria and other countries.

After the high fever and drought, there will be heavy rain. This weather pattern is most conducive to the outbreak of dengue fever. With global warming, this weather pattern has become more and more diverse, and encephalitis has become the public enemy of more people.

Four. pestilence

Plague, also known as the Black Death, has three pandemics in the world.

Plague, also known as the Black Death. It is a natural infectious disease caused by Yersinia pestis, and its clinical manifestations are high fever, swollen lymph nodes, bleeding tendency and special inflammation of the lungs. This disease was recorded as early as 2000 years ago. There were three pandemics in the world. The first time it happened in the 6th century, it was introduced to Europe from the Mediterranean, and the death toll was nearly 654.38 billion. The second time occurred in14th century, and spread to Europe, Asia and Africa. The third time was in18th century, which affected 32 countries. /kloc-The epidemic was introduced into China in the 4th century.

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine reported that the global climate is abnormal, and the humidity in Mexico in winter and spring is higher than in previous years, which is conducive to the growth of rodent food resources and the survival and reproduction of fleas are also very popular, so the number of plague cases in this state has increased by 60% this year.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) cholera

Cholera is a water-borne disease caused by drinking water and food contaminated by bacteria and Vibrio cholerae.

Cholera is an acute intestinal infectious disease caused by Vibrio cholerae. Clinical manifestations are mild and severe, with mild diarrhea; In severe cases, a large amount of rice swill-like excrement is vomited violently, which leads to severe dehydration, acid-base imbalance, peripheral circulation failure and acute renal failure.

Cholera is a water-borne disease caused by drinking water and food contaminated by bacteria and Vibrio cholerae. The World Health Organization has linked the spread of cholera with sea surface temperature, sea level rise and southern El Ni? o phenomenon.

The EPA explained: Algae multiply rapidly, and with cholera, the temperature rises more and more frequently. In high-temperature water, zooplankton carrying cholera bacteria also grow rapidly.