Immigrants from zhongmou county Immigrant Village

"Mai" and "Xiao" have the same surname. The effect is a mistake. The problem is that after the reform of 1958, "Xiao" and "Mai" are universal (the word "Xiao" is put in brackets in the dictionary). 1980s, the ID card system was implemented. Due to the limitation of computer input conditions at that time, the household registration departments in some places made plans for simplicity, and some people named Mai themselves made plans for simplicity. As a surname, it should be written as "Mai", which should be remembered by future generations to avoid misinformation.

The distribution of clan members, known gathering places, are Wuyang, Yuzhou, Gongyi and Kaifeng in Henan; Dingxi, Gansu and Jingyang, Shaanxi. Wuyang has "Mijia" and Yuzhou has "Mijia Lane". There are "Mijiachuan" in Ningyuan and Lijiapu, anding district, Dingxi City, Gansu Province. The scattered population is widely distributed. Besides some regions and cities in Chinese mainland, there are also some San immigrants living in Taiwan Province Province, overseas Australia and some European countries.

Related information:

First, besides "nation", there are "learning" and "comparison". As a surname symbol, "school" is more common than "horse". The main gathering places of school surnames are Zhongmou, Henan (Hanshi Dahong, Xinglong Gang, Chengguan Town Dongguan, Yao Jia Xiaozhuang), Nanyang, Luancheng County, Hebei Province (Beichang Village), Yongbi Village, Luquan City and Xiaojiazhuang, Chenbao Township, xinghua city), where the school surnames (Nanyang, Jiangsu Xinghua Pronunciation Hao) are well known. Among them, Zhongmu in Henan has a population of more than 5,000. The surname of "school" can be found in dictionaries and related historical materials, such as: school, surname also. Zhou Li, after entering the school, took Shi as his surname. See surname spectrum. According to Tang, there is a school of heroes, who are scholars and Cao. School staff: ① Chief Maguan, Zhou Li, Xia Guan, school staff, "School staff is responsible for Wang Ma's administration"; (2) the beadle's main pool. Zhang Wan Mencius: "Having children makes schools a pool for people and animals". Zhou Li, Xia Guan, Scholar. Tang has a school hero. Principal, official name of Zhou Dynasty. (1) the leader of the horse officer. Zhou Li, Xia Guan, a captain, "A captain is in charge of Wang and Ma Zhizheng." (2) a small official who manages the pond. Mencius Zhang Wan: "Those who used to feed Zheng Zi with fish, later generations made the school a pool for people and animals." Note: "The proofreader is also the petty official in charge of the pool." After learning (surname spectrum), Zhou Gong had a scholar (road history). (Correction) Officials in charge of herding horses. "Zuo Zhuan", eighteen years, "correcting the military and correcting the genus." The official name of the school person. Take the official as the surname. But there is no written record that "Ma" is the surname. According to textual research, "Jiao" and "Jiao" should be of the same origin and classified as "Jiao" in Qing Dynasty. First, there are relevant quotations in local chronicles. According to the records of school surnames in Zhongmou's Qing Dynasty County Records, before 20 years of Qianlong (1755), the school surnames were all Jiao, but after that (27 years of Qianlong, [1762]), Jiao was changed to Jiao, and it was located in the northeast of the county. In addition, according to the etymology, the contest is the same (proofreading quantity), which is a victory. "Comparison" Based on Schools

Second, we should pay attention to the textual research of Henan school surnames on the origin of Genghis Khan school clan and its descendants. In recent years, school families in Henan Province have been active in inquiring about ancestors, and some people of insight (such as Mr. Yongquan from the school) have made profound research. According to relevant research, Zhongmou's "faction" was a vassal state of the Yuan Dynasty, and its fief was in Hongdong. After Yuan Zhen's death, the family fled, lost the "book spy" and changed its name to "school" and "Jiao". One of them fled to Luancheng (school) in Hebei, and the other fled to Zhongmou (Jiao) in Henan. It is based on the inscription on the tombstone of "Xiao Xiu Shu" in the south erli, east of Zhang Cun, zhongmou county City, Henan Province (thus tracing the ancestors of the school family back to the Jin family (Mongolian gold aristocrat) and Genghis Khan). The revision of school books was carried out during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, and it was circulated in Zhongmu County Records. The inscription reads: "The immortal emperor, imperial academy, was a student of the Qing Dynasty, and the official of Lun 'an taboo book should be given to Confucianism and Han. Inscription on the right: ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Experts in the history of the Yuan Dynasty explained that "Fan Fu" means "Shu Fan", which generally means that the king (or vassal) food city is a fief. The relevant historical background is that Hongdong County belonged to Pingyang Road (later changed to Jinning Road) in the early Yuan Dynasty. 1236, Yuan Taizong Wokuotai (the third son of Genghis Khan) subcontracted Pingyang Road to his younger brother, the Badou family, the son of Genghis Khan's eldest son Shu Chi (who was dead at that time). Later, Badou subdivided the land into various descendants. Badou and his descendants have established their own country in today's Russia (historically known as Chincha Khanate or Golden Account Khanate), but they still enjoy part of the land distribution tax (five households and Yin Bao), and they can send their subordinates to divide the land into a great scholar's pool, and maybe someone from the royal family will settle in it. According to Zhengzhou Evening News, one of the family legends of Zhongmou School: King Mujiao was the commander-in-chief at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. He refused to return to Beijing after receiving the order to suppress the frontier rebellion. Yan Long was furious and sent troops to arrest him. In order to save his descendants, Mu hid his three sons in Shandong, Hebei and Henan, Shandong surnamed Jiao, Hebei surnamed Xiao and Henan surnamed Xiao. However, locals who know local chronicles also consider themselves "200%" Mongolians, and their migration is related to a senior Mongolian official named Mu Wangjiao. Also quoted the above statement: first, physical evidence. Shengli School in Dong Zhang East Village of Zhongmu has a collection of stone lions dug up by the school post where the school ancestors lived a few years ago. Different from the Han people in the Central Plains, the other one should be a huge "bronze bell" tied around Gao Ma's neck. Others have seen the "sample knife" and "big iron bow" which weigh more than 100 kilograms and are easily reminiscent of Mongols. The second is "witness": When the reporter interviewed, "people with school surnames asked the reporter if they found that many of them were bearded, with pale eyes and gentle personality, which was inherited from long-term anonymity and no trouble." "In addition, the deputy director of school literature (note: the deputy director of Zhongmu Radio Station) also said that the nails of Mongolian little finger and toe are one piece, and the surname of Zhongmu School is also the same, while the nails of Han little finger and toe are two pieces together. This statement was confirmed by several people accompanying the interview. "The third is folk custom. One is that the surname of Zhongmou School doesn't watch the drama "Wang Yuan Lost Jiangshan", because this drama is about the loss of great rivers and mountains by Mongols, and the surname of Zhongmou School thinks it is a shame and doesn't let future generations watch it; The other is that people with school surnames don't kill "Tartars". The game "Kill Tartars on August 15th" is very popular among the people, but people with school surnames in Zhongmu never play it. [ 1]

Third, the relationship between family surnames and school surnames. According to the information provided by Mai Zhijun in Wuyang, the legend of the local Maijia: After being the "King Li Jiao" in Mongolia, the man surnamed Ma was framed by a spy and fled anonymously, so the eldest brother surnamed Mai, the second son surnamed Jiao and the third son surnamed Jiao were inseparable. This statement is close to a legend of Zhongmou Shi Jiao. In 2006 1 month, people from Wuyang, Henan and Hebei gathered in Zhengzhou. After the excavation of "* * *", it is considered that the schools in Kaifeng, Gongyi, Hebei and Zhengzhou belong to the same clan as those in Dingxi, Gansu, Wuyang and Yuzhou, Henan, and may be Mongolians and suspected to be descendants of Genghis Khan [2]. The school Yongquan also provided the legend of Zhongmou surname school in Henan Province, and thought that "school", "comparison" and "Bam" were of the same clan. Although there has never been a connection between Mao surnames in Wuyang, Henan Province, they also share the same legend. I believe the truth of this legend, although there is no written evidence at present. "

4. On the other hand, it is a crucial fact: it was in the13rd century that the Mongolian people prospered and won the Central Plains. However, some historical data show that the Shu nationality appeared in the Central Plains as early as the Sui and Tang Dynasties. For example, on June 13, 2007, I left a message on Shu's website and found the epitaph of Zhang Jun's wife Xiao Ji, prompting that the title was "Broken Rock". After investigation, the first title is "Epitaph and Preface of Your Lady in Su Chun Township, Luoyang County, Tang Dynasty", which records that "Tang Yonghui was buried on February 6th in the sixth year (A.D. 655)" and "It was unearthed in Luoyang, Henan Province, collected in Zhang Fang, and is now in Qiantang Zhizhai Museum, tiemen town, Xin 'an, Henan Province". These materials can be found in Peking University Library, and the original is in Tang Qianzhizhai Museum in tiemen town, Xin 'an County. Its great significance lies in: it can be known that Mai people lived in the Central Plains as early as the Tang Dynasty, and the existence of "Mrs. McKee" in Ou Yangxun Huangfushengchen stickers should be associated with "Mai Changqiu", which shows that "Mai Changqiu" should obviously be a name; Furthermore, it is inferred that the survival time of Shu people in the Central Plains can be traced back to the Sui Dynasty, that is, before 6 18 A.D., which contradicts the theory that Shu people originated from Mongols.

Based on the above situation, we can inquire about the origin of Shu nationality from three ways: first, it may come from ancient books and etymological records, and it comes from "learning", which has nothing to do with Mongolian nationality. However, there is no relevant description or even statement about how "Mei" evolved from "Jiao". Second, it may be a textual research on the legends of Yongquan, Maizhijun and ancestors of Zhongmou School. Mi's original surname is also Mi's Kim (Mongolian gold aristocrat), and there is a thread from Genghis Khan-Shu Chi-Badou; The third is to discuss according to the fact of "Mrs. McKee" in Tang Dynasty.

According to the historical facts that Shu nationality appeared in the Central Plains during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it should be presumed that Shu nationality was rooted in the Central Plains and had a long history. Because of the time, relatively speaking, this is an inference based on the epitaph of McKee (the genealogy of McKee in Wuyang, Henan Province records that the distant ancestors of McKee should be in Wenshui, Shanxi Province and Sanyuan, Shaanxi Province).

5. We should pay attention to the following issues: 1. Both the surnames of the old people in Henan and the surnames of schools in Henan and Hebei have almost the same legend, and the old people in Dingxi, Gansu have similar legends and the saying that their ancestors migrated from Sanyuan, which can echo and confirm each other. 2. The custom of offering sacrifices to the "family god" handed down by the Majia family in Dingxi from generation to generation is said that the "family god" is also a "Tatar", which originated in the Yuan Dynasty and is related to the Mongols. The related names of family gods are also special, and whether they are coupled or related remains to be discussed. 3. Are the national characteristics and personality characteristics of the Xiao family in Zhongmou, who hinted to reporters that "the beard, yellow eyes and small toe are a whole piece", also reflected in the Dingxi clan?

Although there are many surnames in China, from the perspective of surnames, most of them have rules to follow. For example, many common surnames have evolved from the ancient Eight Surnames of Zhu Rong, and there are generally opinions. However, as a surname, "Ma" is not only rare, but also traced back to the source according to the interpretation of ancient surnames, and it is not excluded to explore from another road; At the same time, the Han nationality in northern China is not a pure Han nationality in history, but a fusion of several ethnic groups, including various ethnic minorities, and this fusion has indeed experienced a long historical evolution process, which is the complexity of the problem. Regarding the origin of Shu, different people have different opinions, and the understanding of related issues needs constant exploration, demonstration, time and new discoveries. If it can't be clarified at the moment, then there is only doubt. But doubt does not hinder what we have to do. Doubt itself has cognitive value, which is the progress of cognition and the only way to reach the destination.