Who is Sima Yi in the Three Kingdoms?

Sima Yi (179-25 1) was born in Zhong Da, Hanoi (now Wenxian County, Henan Province). There is a chrysanthemum tiger named Guan Bingfa in the world and a young exotic chrysanthemum tiger in Wolong, Feng Chu. Wei was an outstanding politician and strategist in the Three Kingdoms period and the founder of the Western Jin Dynasty. The viceroy and minister of Cao Wei. He led the army against Zhuge Liang many times. With his merits, he is king. After his grandson Sima Yan proclaimed himself emperor, he was honored as the Emperor of Xuan Di. all one's life

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Sima Yi first came from Li Zhong, the son of Emperor Levin, and was a great official of the Xia Dynasty, Zhu Rong, who experienced the Tang Dynasty, Yu, Xia Dynasty and Shang Dynasty all his life. During the Zhou Dynasty, Xia Guan was Sima. Later, Bai Cheng divorced his father, and when he was in Zhou Xuanwang, he took Kefang, a world official, and Xiguan's family as his surname. On the occasion of Chu and Han Dynasties, Sima Yang became the general of Zhao State and fought against Qin State with the governors. Qin Wu was the king of Yin, with Hanoi as the capital. Korea regards its land as its county, and its children and grandchildren regard it as their home. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yang VIII arrived in An, and the general of the West was born in Jun, with a smooth word. Sima Shengjun's "yu zhang" is too strict in quantity and acceptable in wording. Yingchuan satrap Sima Jun has a different personality. Jing Sima Fang, a Chinese character. Sima Fang is Sima Yi's father (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji). Sima Yan, the emperor of Jin Dynasty, said in one of his imperial edicts: "All people were born here, and the rites have been passed down for a long time" (Book of Rites of Jin).

Sima Yi, the second son of Sima Fang, is said in the history books to be "rare, intelligent, knowledgeable and obedient to Confucianism" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji). At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the world was in chaos. Sima Yi was born in troubled times and "always worried about the world" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji).

2. Early years

Nanyang, the satrap of Yang, is famous for knowing people and being good at their duties. Sima Yi was less than twenty years old. When Yang met him, he said that he was by no means unusual. Cui Yan, the prime minister, befriended Sima Lang, Sima Yi's brother, and once said to Sima Lang, "Your brother is extremely clever, and he just cut off the Internet, which is beyond his son's reach" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji).

In the sixth year of Jian 'an (20 1), the county chose him as the top plan. Cao Cao was in power at that time. After hearing his fame, he sent someone to ask him to work in the government. Seeing that the national fortune of the Han Dynasty was weak, Sima Yi refused to be commanded by Cao Cao, so he made an excuse that he had rheumatism and could not live. Cao Cao didn't believe it, so he sent someone to find out the news at night. Sima Yi lay there motionless, as if she was really infected with wind arthralgia.

take office

In the 13th year of Jian 'an (208), after Cao Cao became prime minister, Sima Yi was established as literature by compulsory means. Cao Cao said to the emissary, "If you delay any longer, you will accept it" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji). Sima yi was afraid and had to take office. Cao Cao asked him to travel with the prince, as assistant minister of Huangmen, negotiator, prime minister Cao Dong and prime minister. Sima Yi works under Cao Cao and is cautious and diligent. "As for the relationship between straw and animal husbandry, we all know that we are in shoes." Sima Yi's Middle Age Map in the History of the Three Kingdoms 1 1

In the 20th year of Jian 'an (2 15), Cao Cao conquered Zhang Lu and Sima Yi joined the army. He said to Cao Cao, "Liu Bei took Liu Zhang by deception, and the Shu people fought for Jiangling without attaching it. This opportunity is now or never. Today, if Wei Yao is in Hanzhong, Yizhou will waver and enter the enemy, and it will inevitably collapse. Therefore, trends can easily become a skill. When a saint is irreversible, you must not lose time. " Cao Cao said: "The people are not satisfied with their sufferings, but they want to regain their Shu" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji)! Didn't take his advice.

In the 24th year of Jian 'an (2 19), when Sun Quan showed his loyalty to Cao Cao, he encouraged Cao Cao to stand on his own feet as emperor. Cao Cao said, "This son wants evil in my furnace!" Sima Yi said, "Han Yun is dying. Your Highness has nine people in the world to serve. Power is a vassal, which means the meaning of heaven and man. Yu, Xia, Yin and Zhou are not humble, but fear know life "(The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji). At that time, Cao Cao's bureaucrats all supported the Han people, which was deeply taboo for Cao Cao, while Yu Xun, Cui Yan and other famous figures all disagreed with the Han people in Cao Shi, and it did not end well. Probably Sima Yi supported Cao Cao for a long time on this key issue, so Cao Cao gradually changed from doubt to trust.

Cao Cao entered the title and was promoted to Sima Yi as the illegitimate child of the prince, assisting Cao Pi. At that time, Sima Yi was trusted and reused by Cao Pi, so the relationship between them has been very good. Sima Yi, Chen Qun, Wu Zhi and Zhu Shuo are called four friends.

Since then, Sima Yi has often sought state affairs and made many surprising plans. Soon, Sima Yi became a Sima in the Prime Minister's army. He pointed out that Hu Xiu, the secretariat of Jingzhou, was rude, and Nanxiang (managing Nanxiang, now southeast of Xichuan, Henan Province) was arrogant and extravagant, so he could not be stationed in the border defense. Cao Cao also ignored it.

In June of the same year, after Liu Bei captured Hanzhong, he sent Meng Da and Liu Feng to capture Fangling and Shang Yong in the east of Hanzhong County, and his influence expanded. In July, Sun Quan wanted to attack and merge, and most of Wei Jun mobilized Huainan to guard against Wu Jun. Guan Yu, the former general of Shu guarding Jingzhou, took this opportunity to stay in Nanjun (governing Jiangling, now Jiangling, Hubei), guarding Jiangling Mi Fang, the general of public security Fu Shiren (now northwest Hubei), and attacking Jingxiang in the north (Wei Jingzhou governing Xinye, now Xinye, Henan; Xiangyang county governs Xiangyang, now Xiangfan, Hubei). Coss, the general who besieged Wei, drowned in the seventh army and beheaded Pound. At that time, there were only a few thousand defenders in Fancheng, and the city walls collapsed in many places because of flooding. Coss once considered giving up Fancheng, but was dissuaded by Man Chong, the satrap of Runa who assisted Coss. Coss is determined to fight bravely. Hu and Fu really took the opportunity to go to Shu. At this time, Lu Hun (now the northeast of Song County, Henan Province), Sun Lang and others also killed officials and rose up in response to Guan Yu. Guan Yu's imposing manner "shook China very much" (Biography of Guan Yu in the Three Kingdoms).

At that time, the capital was in Xuchang, close to Fancheng, and Cao Cao felt threatened. In order to avoid Guan Yu's sharp edge, he was once ready to move the capital to Hebei. Sima Yi, Cao Xun and Jiang Ji promptly dissuaded them: "If the imperial army is defeated by water, it will be moved to the capital without fighting or defending, and the national economy will not be damaged, which not only shows the weakness of the enemy, but also makes people uneasy. Sun Quan and Liu Bei are proud of their feathers, but they are unwilling. It can be said that the appropriate place, after finishing, Fan Wei himself explained "("The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji "). According to his plan, Cao Cao sent Monroe to attack Jiangling, and Guan Yu was captured and killed by him.

With the victory of this war, Cao Cao used Sun Liu to seize the conflict in Jingzhou and made full use of diplomatic strategy to make huge profits, which not only defeated Guan Yu's powerful offensive and lifted the siege of Fancheng, but also made Zhuge Liang's original plan of hitting Wanluo and Qinchuan all the way impossible. More importantly, it destroyed the alliance between Sun and Liu, changed the strategic pattern at that time and gained the initiative.

After Huang Xu repelled Guan Yu, Cao Cao hated Jingzhou and the people nearby and wanted to drive them away. Sima Yi believes: "Jingchu is light, easy to move, and difficult to decide. Guan Yu is newly broken, and everyone hides to see the wicked. Those who move to their goodness today will not only hurt their aspirations, but also make those who leave dare not return "(The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji). Cao Cao followed, and there were no immigrants. As expected, all the Tibetan fugitives have returned to China for naturalization.

In the first year of Yankang (220), Cao Cao died, and the ruling and opposition parties were in danger. Sima Yi manages the funeral, both inside and outside.

In the same year, Cao Pi acceded to the throne as Wei, and Sima Yi was appointed as the Hou of Hejin Pavilion and transferred to the post of Prime Minister.

Sun Quan led the army to the west. Courtiers believe that Fancheng and Xiangyang are short of food and unable to resist Wu Jun. Please call garrison commander Coss back to Wancheng. Sima Yi, on the other hand, thinks that the two cities should not be abandoned: "Sun Quan has broken Guan Yu, and when he wants to stop, he will not dare to make trouble. Xiangyang is in a hurry, and it is important to defend the enemy. You can't abandon it. " Cao Pi didn't listen to him and ordered Coss to set fire to the two cities. Later, Sun Quan did not invade. Cao Pi regretted it too late.

In the same year, xelloss acceded to the throne, known as Wei Wendi. Because Sima Yi made great contributions to Cao Pi's "usurpation of the Han Dynasty", after Cao Pi acceded to the throne, Sima Yi was appointed as the minister of history, and soon became the governor, suggestion and honesty, and sealed Anguo Township.

In the second year of Huang Chu (22 1), he was removed from the position of overseer and promoted to the right servant of the assistant minister and minister.

In the year of Huang San (222) and five years (224), Cao Pi attacked Wu twice, taking Sima Yi as the commander of Xuchang, and changed Sima Yi to. Huang Chu six years (225) in the spring of February, transferred to the government as a general, on holiday, led the troops of five thousand, added to things, record the history. When Sima Yi resigned, Cao Pi said, "I am working day and night in ordinary affairs without a moment's rest. This is not to be proud, but to share worries (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji).

In the same year, Cao Pi attacked Wu with the water army in Daxing, and still ordered Sima Yi to stay behind, "the town people provided military forces outside" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji). Before he left, he wrote a letter to Sima Yi, which said, "I am deeply worried about my future, so I want to appoint you. Although Cao Can has made meritorious military service, Xiao He is the most important. It's a pity that I have no worries about the West (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji)! Later, Cao Pi returned to Luoyang from Guangling and wrote a letter to Sima Yi: "My east and government troops should be the general manager of western affairs; I am in the west, and Fu Jun is always in the east "("The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji "). So Sima Yi stayed in Xuchang.

4. Minister of Auxiliary Government

Sima Yi (Wei Zongwan) in the TV series Romance of the Three Kingdoms died in May of the seventh year of Huang Chu at the age of 40. On his deathbed, Sima Yi, general Cao Zhen of Zhong Jun, general Chen Qun of Zhenjun and general Cao Xiu of Zhengdong were appointed as ministers of Fuzheng. Cao Pi said to the prince, "Be careful not to doubt the existence of these three officials" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji). Ming Di acceded to the throne and changed Sima Yi to Wuyang Hou.

After learning of his death, Sun Quan sent troops to attack Wei in August. Zuo Wu general Zhu Gejin was ordered to attack Xiangyang (now Xiangfan, Hubei Province) in two ways, and personally led the army to attack Jiangxia County (safe place, now southwest of Yunmeng, Hubei Province). Sun Quan was defeated by Wei Jun all the way, so he withdrew and left. But Zhu Gejin was defeated by Sima Yi, who killed Zhang Ba, a general, and beheaded more than a thousand people. 12 months, promoted to a title of generals in ancient times.

In June of the first year of Taihe (227), Ming Di ordered Sima Yi to be stationed in Wancheng, and added Jing and Yuzhou military forces.

When Shu sent Meng Da to see Wei, Wei was very friendly to him. Sima Yi thinks that his words and deeds are clever and cannot be trusted. But the emperor didn't listen, and appointed Mengda to lead the new city as the prefect, seal the Hou and have a holiday. After Wei Wendi's death, Meng Da fell out of favor, and Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu, secretly communicated with him in an attempt to rebel against Wei. Zhuge Liang was afraid that his words and deeds would be capricious and wanted to urge him to rebel quickly. Knowing that Qiu Wissing had a contradiction with Shen Yi, he sent Guo Mozhi to Shen Yi to surrender, deliberately making the matter public. Mengda heard the inside story and was anxious to arise.

After Shen Yi told Sima Yi about it, Sima Yi worried that he would suddenly attack and wrote a letter to him. The letter said: "The general abandoned Liu Bei and committed himself to the country. The general of the state Committee was appointed as a general to fight for Shu, which can be described as a matter of one day. Shu people are stupid and wise, and they all hate generals. Zhuge Liang wanted to break each other, but there was no way to hear him. As the model says, it is not a trivial matter, but it is known when it is light, and it is known when it is light "(The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji).

Mengda was overjoyed and hesitant. Sima Yi secretly led the army to discuss. When people saw the handover between Mengda and Wu Shu, they advised Sima Yi to watch before moving. Sima Yi said, "If you can't reach the letter, it will be decided when you doubt it" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji). Sima Yi personally led the army to crusade against Mengda day and night, and arrived at the gate of the new town eight days later. Wu and Shu led troops to save Mengda, but Sima Yi stopped them in Mulan, Xicheng. Previously, Zhuge Liang had warned Meng Da to plan ahead and not to be fooled. Meng Da said, "Go to 800 Li, and go to our country 1200 Li. As soon as I heard that I was the emperor on the table, I went backwards. In January, our city will be solid, and all armies can do it. " Then I was in deep danger, and Sima Gong didn't come; General will come, I don't suffer (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji). When he arrived in Enemy at the Gates, Meng Da wrote to Zhuge Liang again, exclaiming, "I mentioned something and arrived at the gate on the eighth day. How fast!"!

Shangyong City is surrounded by water on three sides, and Mengda has set up a fence outside the city to reinforce the Yugoslav capital. Sima yi crossed the water and destroyed his fence to the city gate. In the first month of the second year of Taihe (228), Sima Bingyi attacked the city on the 16th, and Meng Da's nephew Deng Xian and his Ministry Li Fu surrendered in Kaesong. Wei Jun entered the city, captured and beheaded Mengda, and sent him to the capital to capture more than 10,000 people. Sima yi returned to the army to stay in Wancheng, rewarded farming and mulberry, and banned floating fees. Southern officials and people fully believe.

In the early days, Shen Yi was in Weixing County for a long time, playing politics by force, engraving imperial edicts in the name of the emperor without authorization, and honoring them privately. After Mengda was killed, Shen Yi became suspicious. At that time, the county chiefs saw that Sima Yi had defeated the enemy and offered gifts to congratulate them. Sima Yi let go and let people hint to Shen Yi. Shenyi had to come to congratulate. Sima Yi took the opportunity to arrest him and send him to Beijing.

Sima Yi moved more than 7,000 households in Meng Dayu to Youzhou. Soon, Jing Yao, Zheng Tuo and others led his men to surrender.

At that time, the border county was newly attached, and the household registration was fake. The court asked for a certificate and asked Sima Yi to go to Beijing for advice. Sima Yi thought, "The thief was bound by a dense net, so he abandoned it. Use the outline naturally and freely "("Jin Shu Xuan Di Ji "). Ming Di and his Wu Shu should be punished. Where should we start? Sima Yi replied, "Wu dares to live in Dongguan because China has never studied water warfare. Anyone who attacks the enemy will choke him by the throat and beat his heart. Xiakou and Dongguan are the hearts and throats of thieves. If you go to Anhui for the army, lead the army to the east, and attack it for the water war army to Xiakou, this magic soldier will fall from the sky and break it "("Jin Shu Xuan Di Ji "). Ming Di agreed with him and ordered him to stay in Wancheng.

In May of the second year of Taihe (228), Zhou Fu, the satrap of Wu Poyang, sent a personal letter to Cao Xiu, falsely claiming that he was censured by the king of Wu and intended to abandon Wu and demote Wei, requesting to send troops to meet the enemy. Cao Xiu couldn't tell the truth from the false, that is, he led 654.38+ ten thousand cavalry to meet in Wancheng (now Anhui Buried Hill). Ming Di also ordered Sima Yi to lead an army to meet Cao Xiu in Jiangling (now Jiangling, Hubei). In August, Cao Xiu was defeated by Wu Jun, and the remnant army was saved by Jia Kui.

In the third year of Taihe (227), Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu, sent troops to attack Wei for the third time and occupied Wudu and two counties. In the fourth year of Taihe (230), he decided to attack Shu. Sima Yi was promoted to general, commander-in-chief, and false, and together with Zhen, he cut Shu.

In August, Cao Zhen was ordered to lead the main force from Chang 'an to Gu, general Zhang He from left to Sima Yi from Jingzhou to Hanshui to Xicheng (now northwest of Ankang, Shaanxi), and the soldiers attacked Hanzhong in three ways. Sima Yi opened a road from Xicheng, went hand in hand with land and water, went upstream along Mianshui River, took Xiajin directly, conquered Xinfeng County, stationed in Kou Dan, and transferred troops in case of rain.

In February of the fifth year of Taihe (23 1), Zhuge Liang, the prime minister, led the army to attack Wei for the fourth time, surrounded Jia Si and Wei Ping in Qishan (now the mountainous area in the southeast of Gansu), and transported grain and grass with wooden cattle and horses. Ming Di said to Sima Yi, "If you do something in the west, you will be rewarded" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji), and sent him to Chang 'an in the west, with Zhang He, the governor, and Guo Huai, the secretariat of Yongzhou, guarding the Shu army. Sima Yi left Fei Yi and Dai Ling to lead 4,000 men to defend Lu 'an (now Tianshui, Gansu) and led the main force to save Qishan in the west. Zhang He advised Sima Yi to divide his troops and station in Yong and Yan, making the town the rear area. Sima Yi disagreed. He said: "It is expected that the former army can be independent, and the general is right. If you can't do it, you can divide it into two parts. This is why the three armies of Chu are all Qing Bu birds. " So I walked into the moose.

When Zhuge Liang heard that Wei's army was coming, he also divided his troops to attack Qishan and led the main force to meet Sima Yi. Guo Huai and Fei Yao attacked the Shu army, which was broken by Zhuge Liang. Then lead the Shu army to harvest the cooked wheat first and get the commissary.

At this point, there are two completely different records of future operations in the history books.

"The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji" is recorded as follows: ..... The army arrived from the commander-in-chief. All the generals were afraid, and the emperor said, "I am tired, and this soldier is greedy." Bright dare not follow the water, easy to listen to. "When I entered Hanyang, I met Liang and the emperor was waiting. When Taurus was tempted, the soldiers took over and retreated brightly, chasing Qishan. Liangtun Lucheng (now Tianshui South, Gansu Province) is surrounded by two mountains, north and south. The emperor attacked and pulled out his encirclement. He escaped at night. Chase, break through and capture thousands of people.

"Zi Jian Juan 72" is recorded as follows: ... Guo Huai, Fei Yao, etc. Bright, bright, broken, because of its bumper wheat harvest, in the high east and easy to meet. Yi Yi gathered the army in danger, and the soldiers were not allowed to pay, but the light led back. As for the halogen city, Yi and others will find it all after. Zhang He said, "He came from afar to be my enemy, so he couldn't fight, saying that my interests were not in the war, and he wanted to use a long-term plan to control it. And Qishan knows that the army is close, and the human feelings are solid. You can stop here and divide into Indiana Jones, which means it is not appropriate to move forward. If you dare not push, you will lose popularity. Today, I am alone, eating less, and I can go. " If you don't listen, look for light. When he arrived, he climbed mountains, dug camps and refused to fight. Jia Xu and Wei Ping fought several times, saying, "You are afraid of Shu as a tiger, but why are you laughing?" Get sick easily. The generals are ready to fight. In summer and May, Xinji and Yi made Zhang He attack unprepared, and He Ping was in Nanwei, and the case was clarified. Liang ordered Wei Yan, Gao Xiang and Wu Ban to meet, and suffered a crushing defeat. He gave the Han soldiers 3,000 armor and also stayed in the camp. In June, Liang withdrew with grain, and Sima Yi sent Zhang He to chase him. Into the wooden door (now southwest of Tianshui, Gansu Province), fighting with Liang, Shu people took high cloth, shot with a crossbow, and died in the right knee with an arrow.

It can be seen that the former said that Sima Yi won, while the latter said that Sima Yi also lost. In the biographies of Zhuge Liang, Zhang He and Guo Huai in the history of the Three Kingdoms, this war has passed. Nowadays, many military reference books are based on the latter. These two books describe the general trend of war in the same way. Sima Yi not only stored grain in Longxi, but also solved the siege of Qishan. In the end, the two armies were deadlocked, and the Shu army ran out of food and grass and retreated.

After the Shu army retreated, the military strategist Du and the supervisor Xue Xu estimated that Zhuge Liang would enter the army next year when the wheat was ripe, and suggested that grain and grass should be transported in winter to solve the problem of food shortage in Longyou. Sima Yi said, "When the Qishan Mountain is exposed, our army will attack Chencang and lose. If you go out from the back and stop attacking the city, you must hit Longdong, not the west. Every time I hate lack of food, I will accumulate grain. As I expected, I can't move until I have three barnacles "(The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji).

In February of the second year of Qinglong (234), Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu, led more than 654.8 million people to attack Wei in Xiegu. In April, Zhuge Liang went to Yan County (now north of Meixian County, Shaanxi Province) and stationed in the south of Weishui. Sima Yi, the general of Wei State, led the army across the Wei River and built a water barrier. The generals wanted to be at loggerheads with Zhuge Liang in Weibei, and Sima Yi said, "People will gather in Weinan, and this is also a place to fight" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji). Then cross the Weihe River and camp. After analyzing the situation, Sima Yi said to the generals, "If you have the courage, take your military commanders to the east. If you go west to Wuzhangyuan (now southwest of Meixian County, Shaanxi Province), then all the troops will be fine" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji).

Zhuge Liang really went to Wuzhangyuan. All the generals of Wei are happy, but Guo Huai, the secretariat of Yongzhou, is worried. He said, "Brightness strives for the northern plain, so it is advisable to follow it first" (Zi Tongzhi Jian, Volume 72), but most of them disagree. Guo Huai said: "It is not the benefit of the country to cross the Wei River and climb the plain, and the northern mountain will join forces, isolating the long road and shaking the people outside" (Biography of the Three Kingdoms Shu Wei Guo Huai). Sima Yi realized the importance of Beiyuan and ordered Guo Huai and others to send troops to Beiyuan. Before the wall was built, the Shu army succeeded, but the attack failed, and the two armies were in a state of confrontation.

In May, Wu Jun attacked Wei with 654.38+100,000 roads to cooperate with the Shu army. Wei Mingdi sent Qin Lang to lead twenty thousand people to assist Sima Yi, and led the main force to fight back against Wu Jun. In July, Wu Jun retreated.

Zhuge Liang's eastward advance was blocked by Sima Yi, who advanced from Weishui and was blocked by Guo Huai. He transferred troops to capture Sanguan, Longcheng and other places, and then returned to attack Sima Yi.

In August, Sima Yi followed Ming Di's instructions of "guarding the city but refusing to defend it" and held a stalemate with Zhuge Liang for more than one hundred days. Zhuge Liang challenged several times, but Sima Yi couldn't get out of the wall. He wanted to wait until the Shu army ran out of food before attacking. Zhuge Liang sent someone to send Sima Yi "a woman's ornament" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji) to humiliate him. He wanted to inspire Sima Yi to play, but Sima Yi still didn't play. In order to calm the dissatisfaction of my subordinates, I pretended to be angry. I went to the table and asked for a good fight. Ming Di is not allowed to send Xin Pi, the minister of orthopedics, as Sima Yi's strategist to control his actions. After Zhuge Liang came to challenge, Sima Yi was about to lead the troops to attack. Xin Pi's scepter stood at the military gate, and Sima Yi did not send troops.

When Xin Pi arrived, Jiang Wei, the general of Shu, said to Zhuge Liang, "Xin Pi has come with a scepter, and the thief will not turn back." Zhuge Liang said, "He has no intention of fighting, so he resolutely invites people to show his strength in his ears. Will be in the army, your life will not be affected, if you can control us, please how far to fight evil "("The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji ")! Zhuge Liang then divided his troops, stationed troops in the wild, and prepared for long-term operations.

Sima Fu, Sima Yi's younger brother, wrote to ask about the military situation at the front. Sima Yi wrote back: "If you are ambitious, you will not see opportunities;" More plans, less decisions; If you are a good soldier, you have no right. Although you brought 100,000 soldiers, you fell into my painting, and the painting will be broken "("The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji ").

Soon, Zhuge Liang sent messengers to fight. Sima Yi did not talk about military affairs and asked the messenger, "How does Zhuge Gong live? How many meters can he eat? " The messenger said, "Three or four liters." Then asked about politics, the messenger said, "Twenty penalties have been introspective." After some casual inquiries, Sima Yi said to people, "Can Zhu Gekongming last long" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji)! Sure enough, Zhuge Liang died in Zhang Wuyuan's army that month.

Shu will not send out obituaries, and the whole army will retreat. When the local people saw the Shu army retreating, they reported to Sima Yi, who sent troops to pursue it. Shu general Yang Yi returned to the flag and counterattacked. Sima Yi thought that he had been tricked into withdrawing troops. The next day, Sima Yi visited Zhuge Liang's camp. "Observing his legacy, he got a lot of books and food" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji). Sima Yi concluded that Zhuge Liang was dead and praised Zhuge Liang as "a genius in the world" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji).

Xin Pi thought that Zhuge Liang's death was unknown, and Sima Yi said, "The military valued it, and the secret plan of the military, military forces, food and grass have been abandoned. Someone can donate their five treasures and live? " It is advisable to pursue it urgently "("The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji "). So, he led his troops to chase him. There are many tribulus in Guanzhong area. Sima Yi sent 3000 soldiers to walk in front of the army wearing flat clogs made of soft materials. All the thorns were stabbed on the clogs, and then the army advanced. All the way to the red shore, this just got the exact death of Zhuge Liang. At that time, there was a proverb that said, "When Zhuge died, Zhong Dasheng." Sima Yi said with a smile, "I expect to live, but it is not convenient to expect to die" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji).

The seven-year battle of Zhuge Liang attacking Wei is over. Although Zhuge Liang made a strategic mistake, he defeated Wei with a state in the Central Plains. Even if he tries his best to show loyalty and wisdom, his strategic goal is difficult to achieve because of the disparity in strength. Under the correct command of Sima Yi and others, Wei adopted the strategy of defending with superior forces, and finally forced the Shu army to retreat without fighting and won the final victory.

Shu generals Yang Yi and Wei Yan fought for power and profit after withdrawing their troops, and Yang Yi killed Wei Yan. Sima Yi wanted to seize the opportunity to attack Shu, but Ming Di didn't approve, so he had to give up.

seize power

In the first month of spring in the first year of Jiaping (249), Cao Fang, the Wei Emperor, went out of Luoyang to pay homage to the tomb of Gao Ping Ling. General Cao Shuang, Cao Xi, the leader of China, and Cao Xun and General Wu Wei all followed suit. Sima Yi took the opportunity to beat the Queen Mother Yongning and demanded that the Cao Shuang brothers be abolished. At that time, Sima Shi was the Guards of China, leading troops to control Sima Men and Kyoto. Sima Yi lined up in front of Cao Shuang, and the Ministry of Cao Shuang went upstairs with strict teachers. Sun Gan grabbed his arm and stopped him from saying "I don't know" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji). Huan Fan, a veteran farmer who stopped it three times in a row, went out of town to vote for Cao Shuang. Jiang Ji said to Sima Yi, "The think tank is gone." Sima Yi, on the other hand, said, "It's unwise to neglect the fields and love beans" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji).

Sima Yi summoned Situ Gaorou, pretending to be the general in charge of Cao Shuang military camp, and said to him, "You are" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji). Wang Yin, the servant, was also called to take charge of Cao's camp. Sima Yi personally led Qiu Jiangji and other soldiers to meet the emperor and stationed at the Luoshui pontoon bridge. Send someone to send the letter to the emperor: "The first emperor called your majesty, the king of Qin and the ministers to the imperial bed, holding the arms of the ministers and saying,' I want to learn from the future'. Now, the general has turned his back on his own life, defeated the national code, and planned arrogantly at home, but it is autocratic abroad. Group officials play their jobs and are all relatives; Stay with the old people and look at them. Judging from the teeth, it is getting worse every day. And yellow door Zhang Wei supervisor, specializing in * * * diplomatic relations and offering artifacts. The world is cold and people are afraid of danger. How can your majesty stay long? This is not the original intention of the first emperor to ask his majesty and ministers to board the imperial bed. Although I am old, I dare to forget my order. Zhao Gaoji was interested yesterday, and Qin was dead; The land fire broke early, and Hanzuo lived forever. This is your Majesty's Yin Jian, the autumn of my life. All officials and ministers are cool and have the heart of a king, and brothers cannot be guarded by soldiers; Playing Empress Dowager Cixi, Empress Dowager Cixi does whatever she wants. I need to tell my master and Huangmen to stop enjoying themselves and train officers and soldiers according to their own officers. If they miss driving, they will engage in military law. I will do my best to send my soldiers to the Luoshui pontoon bridge and wait for them very much "(The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji).

Cao Shuang skimped on the emperor's throne, left the emperor in the south of Yishui, cut down trees to make antlers, and recruited thousands of soldiers for self-control. Huan Fan advised Cao Shuang to take the emperor to Xuchang, and issued a document to recruit all the military forces in the world. Cao Shuangyou was indecisive, so he was confused and didn't follow his plan. Xu Yun and Chen Tai were ordered to see Sima Yi overnight to find out what was going on. Sima Yi took the opportunity to count Cao Shuang's faults and said that he should have come back to apologize. Then he sent Cao Shuang's trusted Lieutenant Colonel Yin Wei Damu to tell him that the court only relieved him of his official position and took waterinfo as an oath.

Cao Shuang wanted to believe him, and Huan Fan and others quoted the classics and tried every means to remonstrate, from evening till dawn the next day. Finally, Cao Shuang threw the knife on the ground and said, "Sima Zhengyi should try to seize my rights. When I can express my respect, I am a rich man (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji). Huan Fan cried and said, "Cao Zidan, a beautiful woman, gave birth to a younger brother, a dolphin and a calf! What is the plan today? "(Zi Zhi Tong Jian, Volume 75)!

Cao Shuang presented Sima Yi's letter to the emperor, demanding that the emperor be relieved of his official position and follow him into Beijing. No sooner had the Cao Shuang brothers returned to the mansion than they were surrounded by Sima Yi's army. Sima Yi built a tall building in the four corners of Cao Shuang Mansion, and closely monitored it from upstairs. On one occasion, as soon as Cao Shuang arrived in the backyard with a slingshot, the people upstairs shouted "The general just went southeast" (Zi Tongzhi Jian, Volume 75)! Cao Shuang was depressed and at a loss.

Soon, Sima Yi killed Cao Shuang and his followers Yanhe, Ding Mi, Deng Yang, Bi Gui, Li Sheng and Huan Fan. The charge was rebellion, which wiped out three tribes. From then on, the military and political power of Cao Wei completely fell into the hands of Sima Yi, which laid the foundation for Sima Shi to replace Cao Wei.

In February of the same year, the emperor appointed Sima Yi as the prime minister, and added Fanchang, Yanling, Xinji and Father City as his fiefs, totaling eight counties and 20,000 food cities. The franchise has not been named. Sima yi resigned as prime minister. /kloc-in October/February, the imperial edict gave Jiu Xi a gift, but the court refused to worship, but it also made Jiu Xi resolutely resign.

In the spring of the second year of Jiaping (250), Emperor Wei ordered Sima Yi to set up a temple in Luoyang. Sima Yi was ill for a long time and refused to be invited to the court. Every time something important happens, the son of heaven personally goes to his house for advice. Yanzhou secretariat Yu, Ling (in Shouchun) saw that the emperor was weak, and forced the minister to monopolize power and made Cao Pi king of Chu. Hu Ling was a fool before he was sent.

In the first month of spring in the third year of Jiaping (25 1), the tomb asked for troops to conquer under the pretext of Wu people. Sima Yi knew his plot and didn't make a move. In April, personally led the China army against the tomb. Sima Yi did the same thing again. First, he wrote a pardon to forgive the crime of bullying, and then he wrote a letter to comfort him, but soon the army suddenly arrived. Knowing that she was poor, the tomb greeted her by boat alone, sent officials to see the king or confess her sins, and gave her seals and sacrifices.

Sima Yijun arrived at Wuqiu, and the tomb was waiting by the water, saying, "If Ling is guilty, it is better to sue Ling. Why invite evil! " Sima Yi said, "You are not a simple guest, so your ears have fallen off" (The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji). After that, he ordered the generals to lead 600 troops to send the tomb to Luoyang. The tomb asked Sima Yi for the nail on the coffin, and wanted to test it to see if Sima Yi wanted to kill himself. Sima Yi ordered his men to find it and give it to him. Later, the tomb passed by Jiakui Temple and shouted, "Jia Liangdao! The tomb is a loyal minister of Wei, but only God knows him "(The Book of Jin Xuandi Ji). In May, the tomb went to Xiangcheng, desperate, and died of taking poison.

Sima Yi marched into Shouchun, and all the people involved in the plot of the tomb came out to surrender. Sima Yi concluded that all the people involved would destroy these three families. He also sent people to dig up the graves of the tomb and Hu Ling fools, cut open the coffins in the nearby market to expose the bodies for three days, then burned their seals and official uniforms and buried them naked in the ground. Sima Yi also killed Cao Biao, the king of Chu. And arrested all the princes of Wei, placed them in Yecheng, ordered the supervisor, and were not allowed to make friends.

Wei Emperor appointed Sima Yi as the prime minister, Anping as the county magistrate, a grandson and a younger brother as the marquis, and there were 50,000 food cities and 19 marquis. Sima yi resigned as prime minister and county magistrate.

Leave the world

In June of the third year of Jiaping (25 1), Sima Yi fell ill and often dreamed of Jia Kui and the tomb at night. In August, Sima Yi died at the age of 73. In September of that year, Sima Yi was buried in Yin He and Zheng Wen, and later renamed Wenxuan. When Wei Chan arrived, Emperor Wu of Jin named Sima Yi Xuan Di, calling his mausoleum plateau and the temple Gaozu.