Tell me more about Chechnya.

Chechnya is the territory of the Russian Federation, located on the north side of the Caucasus Mountains, facing Georgia across the mountain, with an area of about10.5 million square kilometers. Grozny, the capital, was developed on the basis of the Grozny Castle built in 18 18. Chechens are brave and good at fighting and believe in Islam. Due to the war and other reasons, most of the residents moved out, and the population dropped sharply from 40 1 10,000 in 199 to 654,380+0.5 million in199. In February 2000, there were 9,833 registered residents.

The earliest record of Chechens was before the beginning of the 7th century. The word "Chechnya" originated from the village name of "Greater Chechnya" on the argon River and gradually became the national name of Chechen people. Chechens call themselves "Nakacho people", which means "ordinary people". Chechens were invaded by Mongols and Tatars in the13rd century, and were ravaged by Timur imperial troops in Central Asia at the end of14th century. It was not until 15 to 16 that the Golden Horde disintegrated that Chechen talents began to migrate from mountains to plains. From 16 to 19 century, Islam began to be introduced into Chechnya. 17 to 18 at the turn of the century, Chechnya began to be the object of contention among the three empires of Persia, Osman and Russia. Since then, Chechnya has experienced a bloody and cruel war for more than two centuries. /kloc-in the 0/9th century, after more than 40 years of Caucasus war, Russia incorporated Chechnya into the empire territory in 1895. Chechnya Autonomous Prefecture was founded in June 1922+0 1. 1In June 1934, Chechnya merged with its western neighbor Ingushetia, and in February 1936, 1936, it was changed to the Chechen-Ingushetia Autonomous Republic. During World War II, the Soviet government forced many Chechens to move out of their homes on the grounds that Chechens cooperated with German aggressors. At that time, more than 387,000 Chechens and 965,438+0,000 Ingushetia were deported to Central Asia and Siberia. It was not until 1957 1.9 that supreme soviet of the ussr decided to restore the organizational system of the Chechen-Ingushetia Autonomous Republic and put it under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation.

199 1 On September 6, 2000, shortly after the "819" incident in the Soviet Union, dudayev, a major general of the Soviet Air Force and a Chechen, overthrew the local Soviet regime by force on September 6. On June+10, 5438, presidential and parliamentary elections were held in Chechnya, and dudayev was elected President of Chechnya. 165438+ 10, that is, on the eve of the disintegration of the Soviet Union, dudayev ordered the establishment of the Chechen Republic as a "sovereign state" and soon established the Chechen National Guard. Since then, Chechnya, with dudayev as its president, has gone further and further on the road of "independence" by neither signing the Russian Federation Treaty of 1992 nor participating in the Russian parliamentary election of 1993.

In order to safeguard national unity and territorial integrity, the Russian authorities sent troops to Chechnya on 1994+02. However, Chechen armed forces refused to lay down their arms, which led to a civil war lasting for 20 months, in which dudayev was killed. 1in August 1996, the government of the Russian Federation and Chechnya signed the Hasawi Ewat Agreement, which postponed the settlement of the issue of "Chechnya's status" to 200 1 year. 1At the end of 1996, after Chechen illegal armed forces committed two major hostage-taking incidents in Russia, Russian troops were forced to withdraw from Chechnya. 1997 65438+ 10, after maskhadov was elected president of Chechnya, he still insisted that Chechnya was an "independent country". 1In May 1997, the Russian Federation and Chechnya signed a treaty on principles of peace and mutual relations. However, Chechen leaders never gave up their "independence" proposition.

A Russian soldier plays the accordion between battles.

In order to completely solve the Chechen problem, the Russian federal authorities dispatched 654.38 million troops to blockade Chechnya and launch a military strike in 1999. After aerial bombing and ground encirclement and suppression, a large number of illegal Chechen armed forces were eliminated, and Russian troops almost controlled the whole territory of Chechnya. However, the remaining illegal weapons were broken down into parts, and some remnants sneaked into the Pankisi Gorge in Georgia. They adopt guerrilla tactics inside and outside Chechnya and often carry out assassinations and terrorist activities. Especially in the second half of 2002, illegal militants in Chechnya were rampant, attacking Russian military posts, blowing up military vehicles and shooting down Russian helicopters. In August, a Russian Mi -26 helicopter was shot down by Chechen militants, killing more than 65,438+000 soldiers. 101On the evening of October 23rd, more than 50 Chechen terrorists sneaked into the Cultural Palace of Moscow Bearing Factory with guns, and hijacked more than 700 spectators and 100 cast members who were attending the concert. On the 26th, Russian special forces launched a hostage rescue operation and rescued more than 750 hostages. During this period, in addition to 50 militants killed, another 129 hostages were killed.