The first geography in the world, the development of the western region, and the revitalization of the old industrial base in Northeast China

The driest desert in the world: Atacama Desert is located in Peru, South America. This is the driest desert in the world. It hasn't rained a drop for 400 years in a row, and the geographical environment is quite bad.

The longest river in the world: The longest river in the world is the Nile in Egypt, with a total length of 6,670 kilometers.

The driest desert in the world: Atacama Desert is located in Peru, South America. This is the driest desert in the world. There hasn't been a drop of rain for 400 years, and the geographical environment is quite bad.

The shortest river in the world: The shortest river in the world is the D River in the United States. The total length of this river is only 37 meters. There is not a captain in the length of this river!

The highest mountain in the world: the Himalayas on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China, where there is Mount Qomolangma, is the highest mountain in the world today, with the highest peak at 8848 meters above sea level.

Taiwan Province Province, China

Taiwan Province Province is located in the southeast of China, covering an area of 36,000 square kilometers, including Taiwan Province Island (covering an area of 35,800 square kilometers), Penghu Islands, Green Island, Diaoyu Island, Pengjiayu and chiwei yu. The whole province is divided into 7 cities 16 counties.

Taiwan Province Province is mountainous, with mountains and hills accounting for more than two thirds of the total area. The mountains in Taiwan Province Province are parallel to the northeast-southwest trend of Taiwan Province Island and vertically located in the central and eastern part of Taiwan Province Island, forming the topographic features of the eastern mountainous area, the middle hilly area and the western plain of Taiwan Province Island. There are five mountains, four plains and three great basin mountains on the island of Taiwan Province Province, namely, Central Mountain, Snow Mountain, Yushan Mountain, Alishan Mountain and Taitung Mountain, Yilan Plain, Jianan Plain, Pingtung Plain and Taitung Longitudinal Valley Plain, Taipei Basin, Taichung Basin and Puli Basin. The central mountain runs through the north and south, and Yushan is 3952 meters above sea level, which is the highest peak in East China. Taiwan Province Island is located in the Pacific Rim seismic belt and volcanic belt, with unstable crust and frequent earthquakes.

The climate in Taiwan Province Province is warm in winter and hot in summer, with abundant rainfall, and there are many typhoons and rainstorms in summer and autumn. The Tropic of Cancer runs through the central part of Taiwan Province Island, with subtropical climate in the north and tropical climate in the south. The annual average temperature (except in mountainous areas) is 22℃, and the annual precipitation is more than 2000 mm. Abundant rainfall has created favorable conditions for the development of rivers on the island. There are 608 rivers flowing into the sea alone, with fast-flowing water, numerous waterfalls and abundant hydraulic resources. Among them, the rivers with the length exceeding100km include Zhuoshui River (186.4km), Gaoping River (170.9km), Danshui River (158.7km) and Dajiaxi River (10).

The agricultural area of Taiwan Province Province accounts for about a quarter of the land area, and it is rich in rice, with good quality and high yield in two or three seasons a year. The main cash crops are sucrose and tea. There are more than 90 kinds of vegetables, and the planting area is second only to rice. Taiwan Province Province is called "Fruit Kingdom", and there are many kinds of fruits. The output value of flowers is also considerable.

Hong Kong

The history of Hong Kong can be traced back to the Neolithic Age 5000 years ago. After Qin Shihuang unified China, South China Sea, Guilin and Xiang Jun were successively established, and Hong Kong belonged to Panyu County, Nanhai County. Since then, Hong Kong has been under the jurisdiction of the central government. In the Han Dynasty, Hong Kong belonged to Boluo County, Nanhai County. In the sixth year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 33 1 year), Hong Kong belonged to Baoan County, Dongguan County. During the Sui Dynasty, Hong Kong belonged to Baoan County, Nanhai County and guangzhou fu. In the second year of Tang Zhide (AD 757), Baoan County was changed to Dongguan County, and Hong Kong still belonged to Dongguan County. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, a large number of mainland people moved to Hong Kong, which promoted the great development of Hong Kong's economy and culture. In the first year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1573), Hong Kong belonged to Xin 'an County.

Hong Kong is an excellent deep-water port, once known as one of the three natural seaports in the world. In the early years, the British took a fancy to Victoria Harbour in Hong Kong, which had the potential to become an excellent port in East Asia, and spared no effort to win it over from the Manchu government by the Opium War to develop its maritime trade in the Far East, thus beginning the history of Hong Kong becoming a British colony. From 1842 to 1997, Hong Kong was a British colony. On July 6th, Hong Kong returned to China.

The three parts of Hong Kong (Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and New Territories) come from three unequal treaties in different periods. 1840 after the first opium war, Britain forced the Qing government to sign the treaty of nanking on 1842 and cede Hong Kong Island. 1856, the British and French allied forces launched the second Opium War, forcing the Qing government to sign the Beijing Treaty in 1860, ceding the Kowloon Peninsula, the area south of today's Jiejie. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894, 1894, Britain forced the Qing government to sign the "Special Provisions on Expanding the Border of Hong Kong" on 1898, and forcibly leased the New Territories for 99 years until1June 30, 997. Leasing in the New Territories has increased the area of Hong Kong tenfold.

Chronology of major historical events

184 1 year 65438+1October 26th: After the First Opium War, Britain occupied Hong Kong Island. Later, the Qing government tried to recover lost territory by force, and Daoguang issued many orders for this. However, the Qing Dynasty could never defend its territorial integrity.

1August 29th, 842: The Qing government signed the unequal treaty "treaty of nanking" with Britain, ceding Hong Kong Island to Britain.

1860 65438+1October 24th: China and Britain signed the unequal Beijing Treaty, ceding the area south of Boundary Street in Kowloon Peninsula to Britain.

1June 9, 898: Britain forced the Qing government to sign the "Special Provisions on Expanding the Boundary of Hong Kong" to lease 262 islands north of Boundary Street in Kowloon Peninsula for 99 years (ending on June 30, 997).

1942 65438+February 25th: During World War II, the Japanese invaded Hong Kong, and the British troops stationed in Hong Kong were unable to resist. At that time, Governor Yang had no choice but to declare surrender. Hong Kong was occupied by Japan and began a "period of Japanese rule" of three years and eight months.

1945 September 15: Japan signed a surrender in Hong Kong after its defeat and withdrew from Hong Kong.

1984 12 19: China and Britain signed a joint statement on the question of Hong Kong and implemented "one country, two systems" after Hong Kong 1997.

1 July, 19971:Hongkong became the People's Republic of China (PRC) Special Administrative Region. According to the Basic Law, Hong Kong's previous economic, legal and social systems will remain unchanged for 50 years and "one country, two systems" will be implemented. The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region enjoys a high degree of autonomy except that national defense and foreign affairs are managed by the Central People's Government.

Macao

Macao used to be a small fishing village. Its real name is Haojing or Haojing 'ao, and it was called "Macau" because it could be called "Macau" at that time. Macao and its vicinity are rich in oysters (that is, oysters), and the inner wall of oyster shells is as bright as a mirror, so Macao is called oyster mirror. Later generations changed the name to a more elegant "Hao Jing". A Brief History of Macau published during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty said: "The name of Hao Jing was written in the history of Ming Dynasty. East-west five or six miles, north-south half way, north-south two bays, you can park. Or the North and South Bay, round as a mirror, is called a mirror. " From this name, a series of Macao aliases such as Haojiang, Haijing and Jinghai were derived.

The name Macau comes from the goddess China-Tianhou, also known as Mazu, also known as Mother, who is greatly worshipped by a fisherman. It is said that a fishing boat was caught in a storm while sailing on a clear and windless day, and the fishermen were in danger. At the critical moment, a young girl stepped forward and ordered to stop the storm. The wind has actually stopped, the sea has returned to calm, and the fishing boat has safely arrived at Haijing Port. After getting off the boat, the girl walked to Maggie Mountain, and suddenly a halo flashed and the girl turned into a wisp of smoke. Later, people built a temple to worship the mother where she landed.

/kloc-In the middle of the 6th century, when the first Portuguese arrived in Australia, they asked the residents about the local place names, but the residents mistakenly thought it meant the temple and answered "Marco". The Portuguese translated "Macao" with its voice, which became the origin of the Portuguese name Macao.

The footprints of our ancestors 5000 years ago.

Painted pottery and jade unearthed in recent years in Macao, especially the black sand dunes around the island 10 years ago and 1995, have been identified as precious ancient cultural relics four or five thousand years ago. The stone tools unearthed at the same time, such as stone axes, belong to the same cultural system as similar cultural relics unearthed in Zhuhai, not far from Macao in recent years, which shows that the ancestors of the Chinese nation were already in the same cultural system as early as the Neolithic Age. Macau, Green Ring Road, Heisha and other places have long been the footprints of Chinese mainland aborigines. During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, ancient residents lived in these areas. Therefore, among the cultural relics unearthed in Macao and Zhuhai, there are reeds and pots in the Spring and Autumn Period and pottery in the Warring States Period.