During the Soviet civil war, the Japanese army took the opportunity to control the Far East. Why is it easy to return? Even North sakhalin island didn't stay.

The battles of Zhang Gufeng and Nomenkan you mentioned were wars in the late 1930s, which were far from the problem of landlords.

I. Background

The name Siberia probably comes from the ancient Turkic language, which means "quiet land". Siberian Tatars established the Siberian khanate with this name as its name, which was later conquered by the Grand Duchy of Moscow, and the word Siberia entered Russian. There is also a saying that "Xianbei Leah" comes from Xianbei. Another explanation is that Siberia is interpreted as the land of the old class because its fief is located in Siberia. It is also said that Russia has created new place names in North Asia in the name of Xibe nationality. On the ancient map of China, Siberia was called the Luo wasteland.

Second, the Far East after the October Revolution

Because after the revolution, the war against Japan was extremely unfavorable to Soviet Russia, the Russian Central Committee decided to establish a democratic "Far East Republic" as a buffer zone between Russia and Japan. 1920 in March, the Russian Far East Bureau was established, and its members were ааширямов, амк.

1920 On April 6th, at the "Constituent Assembly of Workers along Lake Baikal", the Far East Republic was proclaimed, with its capital in Ukinsk, but it was only recognized by the Russian Soviet Federalist Socialist Republic.

On May 4th, 65438, the Soviet Union and Russia formally recognized the Far East Republic and gave it initial financial, diplomatic, human, economic and military assistance. This enabled Moscow to control the internal affairs and diplomacy of the Far East Republic, and formed the "People's Revolutionary Army" for it on the basis of part of the Red Army.

The Declaration on the Establishment of the Far East Republic successfully avoided the direct conflict between Soviet Russia and Japan, prompted the withdrawal of foreign troops from the Far East Republic, and at the same time, its armed forces assisted Soviet Russia in destroying several Belarusian regimes in the Far East.

At that time, there were local pro-Soviet coastal autonomous regions (provisional governments) in Primorsky Krai and kamchatka peninsula. Lake Baikal belongs to eastern Russia; The actual controller of the North Sakhalin and Ussuri railways is the Japanese army.

1920 During the Russian-Japanese talks from May 24th to July 5th, the Japanese delegation was forced to agree to withdraw its troops from Lake Baikal. Moscow's diplomatic victory, and Colta (александиииле) in the autumn of 1920.

19201October 28th to1October 28th in Chita, Amur, Transbaikal and Primorsky Krai were formally merged into Chita, the capital of the Far East. At that time, the Far East Republic actually controlled Amur, Khabarovsk and Lake Baikal, which was later incorporated into the territory of Soviet Russia.

192 1 year, 1 year, held elections for the constituent assembly of the far east Republic, with the task of formulating the constitution of the Republic and establishing state institutions.

192 1 On May 26th, 2000, the White Guards in Vladivostok rebelled, overthrew the regime of Primorsky Krai in the Far East, and established a new White Guards regime, the Provisional Amur Government.

Three, after the establishment of the Far East Republic of * * *.

The Central Committee of Russia and the Socialist People's Committee of Russian Soviet Federation led the Far East Republic to handle major domestic and international affairs and carry out military construction. The People's Revolutionary Army of the Far East Republic was originally considered as one of the armed forces of Soviet Russia.

Worried about the status of the Far East, Soviet Russia, Japanese meddlers and the White Guards who rebelled on May 26th tried to control the "provisional Amur government" in Vladivostok, which was composed of Belarusian forces and non-socialist members.

192 1 On August 26th, 2008, the "Dalian Talks" on the normalization of relations between the Far East and China and Japan was sabotaged by the Japanese government.

192 1 year 1 1 month белоповстане. The People's Congress of the Far East People's Republic expelled several revolutionaries and social Democrats. краснощёков, which is dedicated to the independence of the Far East and China from Soviet Russia.

1February, 922, under the command of вкблюхер, the People's Revolutionary Army turned into a counterattack, cooperated with guerrillas and dealt a great blow to the White Army. /kloc-In February, General молчанов of the White Army was killed, and Khabarovsk was liberated in February 14. The white army retreated to the neutral zone under the cover of the Japanese army. 1September, 922, their counterattack was defeated again by the People's Revolutionary Army.

Fourth, merge into Soviet Russia.

Due to the improvement of the international and domestic situation in the Soviet Union and the Far East Republic, Japan's isolated diplomatic position at the Washington Peace Conference (1921-kloc-0/922) and the dissatisfaction of Japanese immigrants in the Far East, the Japanese government was forced to withdraw its troops from the border areas.

1922101On October 25th, the Far East People's Revolutionary Army entered Vladivostok. Workers from the Far East and China proposed to join Soviet Russia at the meeting.

The Second People's Congress of the Far East * * * (whose election was completed in summer) adopted a resolution on its own dissolution during the sessions of 1922, 165438+ 10/4 to 15, and decided to restore the Soviet regime in the Far East. 1922165438+10/4 Late at night, some commanders of the People's Revolutionary Army of the Far East Republic proposed to the All-Russian Executive Committee that the Far East Republic join the Soviet Union in the name of the People's Congress of the Far East Republic. A few hours later, 165438+ 10 15, the Far East Republic became a part of the Russian Soviet Socialist Federation, that is, the Far East.

Self-edited encyclopedia of feeding chickens ~ limited ability, pat ~

About статистическийсп?аво. Page.

Районирование Дальневосточного края.Ха? баровск, 1925.) в 1925 послеп??.щенияпонскойокупаци.

Regarding the game between Russia and Japan in that period, we might as well discuss:

Russia, on the other hand, adopted a creative strategy, that is, it might as well create and lead a local political power outside the central government under the situation of civil war.

On the diplomatic front, the Japanese government intervened on the grounds of "protecting overseas Chinese" and became the new Far East Republic. Although it is not recognized by the international community, it is legally imposed on Japan, which makes Japan have to deal with the Far East instead of Moscow thousands of miles away. Japan and Russia have long been at odds. After all, we can't vindicate Russia for the Far East Republic. All kinds of diplomatic chips aimed at containing Russia can't play the expected role for the Far East Republic.

Politically, the establishment of a * * * Republic instead of a Soviet * * * Republic is conducive to uniting "all forces that can be United", including the anti-feudal autocratic bourgeoisie, easing class contradictions, thus stabilizing the situation in the Far East and safeguarding unity and resisting aggression.

Economically, the Far East Republic, as a special "national policy", has been fully supported by Moscow. After all, conscription needs funds, which objectively promotes the development of the Far East.

On the military side, on the one hand, it won the time to build and expand military forces, on the other hand, it gained the opportunity to strive for, divide and break hostile forces. In addition, intervention forces including Japan can have some flexibility. Even if the worst plan is war, another regime can be established to get rid of the involvement, which has nothing to do with Moscow in name.

As for Japan, although its international position in diplomacy has risen, it still hasn't got everything it coveted, and the powers have begun to face up to this new rival. Japan's foreign relations are very chaotic: Japan-US relations have gradually become tense because of the victory of the Russo-Japanese War, and Japan, as a victorious country in World War I, has begun to touch the interests of the United States in Asia. Japan-Russia relations, not to mention Japan-China relations, are all due to Japan's interference in the Russian revolution.

The focus of foreign policy has shifted to China, and Japan has been clamoring for "mainland policy". Yoshida Shōin, the pioneer of reform, once wrote: "It is a foregone conclusion that I will make peace with Russia and the United States. We must never break our word, to Yidi. However, we must strictly abide by the articles of association, be loyal to our duties, and make good use of our national strength during this period to conquer Korea, Manchuria, China and other easily obtained places. Losing to Russia and the United States in trade should be compensated by the land of North Korea and Manchuria. " Competition with Russia has never been Japan's first choice, and Japan will accept the Russo-Japanese war as soon as possible. At that time, Japan had successfully captured North Korea, and the next step was to get its hands on the Northeast. If Japan and Russia go to war at this time, it will be harmful to Japan's strategy.

Politically, many events happened in Japan in the1920s. Since the economic problems began, both the pro-democracy movement and the workers' and peasants' movements have been fighting for universal suffrage. During this period, the Japanese government killed the socialists and people in Japan, China and North Korea, and the Japanese government's energy for other events decreased.

Economically, millions of people have been affected since the agricultural depression, peasant riots (19 18m riots) and the Great Kanto Earthquake around 1923. The economic crisis in Japan began with 1927, and then the Great Depression in the capitalist world came.

Militarily, influenced by the domestic democratic movement and the economic situation, Japan introduced a series of disarmament measures in the 1920s-it was not yet time to mobilize and launch the war of aggression against China-the army forces were reduced and the navy stopped building its main ships (see the Washington Naval Treaty). Naturally, I don't want to make a big deal with Russia.