Brief introduction of Lin, the leader of Taiwan Province peasant uprising army in Qing Dynasty and the influence of Lin uprising

Lin (1756- 1788) was originally from Pinghe, Zhangzhou, Fujian. 1773 crossed Taiwan Province with his father and settled in P Zhuang, Dali, Changhua County (now Dali District, Taichung City). 1784 joined the Heaven and Earth Society and became the president of Changhua Heaven and Earth Society. He launched the forest incident in 1786, was arrested in 1788, was tried by the Qing government in Beijing and was sentenced to death.

Today, there are two schools named after Wen Shuang Village, Zhongliao Township, Nantou County, and two schools named after each other in da li District, Taichung City. In addition, Zhuolan Town in Miaoli County also has the place name of Wen Shuang Road (non-road name). In addition, when the National Government took over Taiwan Province Province, it planned to change the name of Chiayi to Wen Shuang, but this plan was not implemented.

In the fifty-first year of Qianlong in the early Qing Dynasty (1786)65438+ 10 65438+June 6, Sun Jingsui, the magistrate of Taiwan Province, banned the Heaven and Earth Society and arrested Lin's uncle, the leader of the Heaven and Earth Society. Lin led the army to resist the prison robbery, claiming that 500 people responded, 65,438+1 0/8 (65,438 in lunar calendar) 65,438+120 in lunar calendar (65,438+2 in lunar calendar1), and Hokuriku and Li Tong also led the public to respond. And attacked hsinchu city and Zhu Qian in the north. Lin Jian, in the name of Shuntian, attacked Zhuluo and other places to the south. Fujian Land Bureau defended Benji Chai, a policeman in Taiwan Province Province. Zhuang Datian, the leader of Fengshan Tiandi Association, also assembled troops to respond. By February, all Taiwan Province had fallen except the Taiwanese government in the south and Zhuluo and Lugang in the middle.

However, due to poor military discipline, Hakka people in Taozhu Temple and other places were forced to organize volunteer training in the form of township courage to resist Lin's army and defend their hometown. In Hsinchu area, they moved to Hsinchu Miaoli and other places under the leadership of Chen Ziyun. After the incident subsided, the villagers collected the remains of more than 200 Hakka villagers who died in Hsinchu and buried them together in Fangliao (now Yimin Temple in Baozhongting, Xinpu County).

Governor Chang Qing of Fujian and Zhejiang sent Fuzhou General Hengrui, Fujian Navy Prefect Huang and Fujian Land Prefect Ren Chengen to lead 4,000 Qing troops to Taiwan, and successively recovered Zhuluo County and Fengshan County, which were captured by Zhuang Datian on April 23 (March 6 of the lunar calendar), and a tug-of-war was formed between the two sides. (Changchun Chu Si, fighting in vain, courtesy in return, official Jane sitting and beheading by mistake, Taiwan province flat, pardoned and released from prison; History has learned that Langshan Town (now the southeast coast of Nantong, Jiangsu Province) is the main soldier, and courtesy is also the lieutenant. The Qing court ordered Chang Rong to be Du Shi, and personally transferred more than 10,000 Qing troops from Zhejiang and Guangdong to Taiwan, and then increased by 7,000. The two sides confronted each other in Taiwan Province Fucheng.

Zhang Quan, Taiwan Province Province has been calling for a long time. Lin CuO, a native of Quanzhou, Lugang, led the masses to attack the county seat of Changhua County, killing Zhangzhou immigrants and burning houses. Lin, a native of Zhangzhou, led the army to counterattack, and many Zhangzhou people were forced to join Lin's camp. In retaliation for Quanzhou people, Pan Chen, the major shareholder of Zhangzhou, burned all Quanzhou people's houses. Datian, a native of Zhangzhou in Xiadanshuixi, also clashed with Hakka villagers because of the historical hatred of Fujian-Guangdong war, and had to suspend the siege.

Later, at the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing court sent Fu Kang 'an, the governor of Shaanxi and Gansu, and Hailancha, the counselor, to lead 8,000 people from green camp to the stage on 65,438+February 10 (lunar calendar165,438+10.2). After landing, he recruited 6 thousand, with a total force of 14 thousand, and confronted Lin with a force of 30 thousand. Fu Kang 'an accepted Changhua and Zhuluo successively. Wen Shuang defeated Jiji, Shuishalian (now Yuchi Township, Nantou County) and other places. On February 1788, 10, Fu Kang 'an persuaded local residents to capture Lin alive in the old district 7 (now Qidingli, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County).

Due to the bad blood with Zhuang Xishe, the leader of Quanzhou, Zhuang Datian's whereabouts were known by the Qing army when he fled. Captured by the navy division led by Wu Zuohada, he was seriously injured and executed in Taiwan Province Province, and wrote a letter to Yanjing.

The Qing court sent less than 40,000 troops, and it took one year and four months to settle down. Later, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty renamed Zhuluo as "Jiayi" in order to reward Zhuluo County for its righteous act.

Lin's uprising lasted for one year and three months, with hundreds of thousands of participants. It was not only the largest peasant uprising in Taiwan's history, but also a larger peasant uprising in Qing Dynasty. Those who took part in the uprising pointed their finger at the feudal government. From the cause and program of the uprising to the cruel repression of the Qing government, it can be seen that when immigrants expand their land, there are not only challenges from nature, but also threats of political oppression and economic exploitation from the feudal ruling class. While striving for development, immigrants are also fighting for the safety of their property.

Ganlong listed platform rebellion as peerless martial arts.

Qianlong 5 1 year (1786), Lin anti-Qing, besieged Zhucheng in October. The city people helped the Qing army, and the Qing country took "filial piety to the city people" as its purpose. On the third day of June of the following year, it was issued on 1 1, which was easy to be called "Zhuluo".