Where is Indonesia?

Indonesia, located at the southern tip of Asia, is lined with large and small islands along the equator, stretching for 5000 kilometers. In such a long territory, there are five island continents, namely Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi and Ilangaya, with more than 300 different nationalities and more than 365 dialects. /kloc-The skull of the Javanese 500,000 years ago unearthed in East Java at the end of 0/9 is a major discovery in Asian archaeological history, and the traditional culture preserved in Indonesia is an important wealth of mankind.

Apart from sightseeing in developed cities, Indonesia gives the impression of primitive backwardness. Indonesia was colonized by the Dutch East India Company for a long time. It is rich in spices and is the most precious wealth in the western world. Spice ships have brought infinite wealth to the Netherlands, but the construction of Indonesia in the Netherlands is lacking. Indonesia's agriculture is still in the stage of human labor, and handicraft industry is the main industry outside the economic factory.

Indonesia, which is composed of islands, of course needs a leisurely beach holiday, especially the lively Bali, which has become a must-see place for people from all over the world to travel to Indonesia. However, at the same time of rapid development, Indonesians' desire for progress and the ecological balance urgently appealed by environmentalists are impacting the development of this country. How to reach an understanding between protecting the living space of orangutans and Komodo dragons and improving the living standards of Indonesians still needs the joint efforts of all sectors of society.

National flag: Red symbolizes courage and justice, while white symbolizes freedom, justice and purity.

National emblem: Indonesia's national emblem is a golden Hindu condor, holding its head high and spreading its wings, symbolizing the glory and victory of the Indonesian people. August 17 is Indonesia's independence day. The bald eagle has eight feathers on its tail to represent August, and seventeen feathers on each wing to represent 17, thus commemorating the proud days of Indonesian people. There are seven shields on the bald eagle's chest, and there are five patterns on the surface of the shield:

The golden five-pointed star in the middle is a symbol of Islam, and most Indonesian citizens believe in Islam. The golden buffalo head shows the sovereignty of the people, and the green banyan tree is as strong as nationalism and deeply rooted in the hearts of the Indonesian people. Cotton, peaches and rice ears are woven into prosperity, and golden links are closely linked, symbolizing the equality of all ethnic groups in China. A black horizontal line runs through the coat of arms, indicating that the equator passes through Indonesian territory. On the white ribbon under the talons, the Indonesian proverb "All roads lead to the same goal" is written in ancient Indonesian.

Population: about 200 million (2000 statistics)

Language: Indonesian is the official language.

Area: 1.9 1.944 million square kilometers.

Currency: Indonesian rupiah

Nickname: the country of a thousand islands, the country of volcanoes (active volcanoes account for about 1/6 of the world's active volcanoes). Religion: About 87.2% people believe in Islam, 6. 1% in Protestantism, 3.6% in Catholicism, and the rest in Hinduism, Buddhism and primitive fetishism.

Ethnic composition: Javanese account for 47%, others are mainly Sunda, Madura, Minangkabau, Mada, Malay, Aceh, Chinese, Indian and Arab.

Major city: Jakarta: the capital with a population of 8.5 million. It is a national political, economic and cultural center and a land, sea and air transportation hub. There are food, machinery and shipbuilding industries. Tanjung Bulu, located about 10 km east of the city, is its outer port. Bandung: Population 1.46 million, and the Asian-African Conference (also called Bandung Conference) was held here. Cinchona paste is abundant nearby, and there is also a textile and rubber factory.

Festivals: There are countless festivals in Indonesia, including festivals commemorating historical events and heroes, religious festivals and traditional festivals of various ethnic groups.

Customs: Indonesia's cities, like other countries, are mostly modern buildings, but the countryside is full of buildings with national characteristics. Because of the hot weather, people have to take a bath at least three times a day. Indonesians are used to grabbing rice with their hands. Chicken curry is a famous food in Southeast Asia. People generally like to eat spicy food. Pepper and hot sauce are common condiments on the table.

Best in the world: the largest archipelagic country in the world.

Natural environment: Islands are scattered all over the territory, with a width of 1.900km from north to south and a length of 5000km from east to west. It consists of sunda islands, Nusa Tenggara Islands, Maluku Islands and the western part of Irian Island. These islands are mountainous, with only plains along the coast. Almost all the islands except kalimantan island have active volcanoes. The famous Krakato volcano is located in the middle of sunda strait, with an altitude of 813m. The northern part of Java Island in sunda islands is a plain with fertile soil; There are lava plateaus and mountains in the south, a vast intermountain basin between volcanic islands, and many tea gardens, rubber orchards and cinchona orchards. Java Island and its extended Madura Island are the national center of gravity in history, and are called inner islands or introspection. Other islands are commonly called outer islands and other provinces. Most of the territory belongs to the tropical rainforest climate, characterized by high temperature, rainy, small wind and high humidity. The annual average temperature is 25-27 degrees Celsius. The average annual precipitation is more than 2000 mm, which is influenced by monsoon and divided into rainy season and rainy season.

Economy: The economy is mainly based on the production and export of agricultural, forestry and mining raw materials. The agricultural population accounts for more than 70% of the total population. The main agricultural products are rice, corn, cassava and peanuts. This plantation mainly grows tropical cash crops for export. The output of pepper, kapok and cinchona paste ranks first in the world, and the output of natural rubber ranks second in the world. In addition, it also produces cardamom, clove, sugarcane, coconut, tea, coffee and palm oil. The output value of industry and mining accounts for about 30% of the total output value of industry and agriculture. 1992 produced more than 5.6 million barrels of crude oil and 32,000 tons of tin. The main foreign trade targets are the United States and Japan. Exports of crude oil (about 3/4 of the total export value), wood, natural rubber and tin, as well as dried coconut, palm oil, tea, bauxite and spices. Import cotton yarn, cotton cloth, grain, industrial raw materials and machinery and equipment. There are more than 6,700 kilometers of railways and 280,000 kilometers of highways in China, most of which are concentrated in Java Island.