Qin Shihuang built the Great Wall of Wan Li.

"The Great Wall of Wan Li was first built, and Wan Li is on the side." The world-famous Great Wall of Wan Li is a super-large project known as the miracle of the world. Its grandeur is second to none in the history of military engineering in the world. When it comes to the Great Wall, people will think of Qin Shihuang. When it comes to the merits and demerits of Qin Shihuang, people always talk about the Great Wall. The Great Wall of Wan Li is the most important military project built after Qin Shihuang unified the world.

After Qin destroyed the Six Kingdoms, Qin Shihuang wanted to attack the Huns in order to eliminate the scourge of the northern border and expand the imperial territory. Xiongnu is a nomadic people living in the Mongolian Plateau in ancient China. Before Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, the Xiongnu began to grow and develop under the leadership of the chief, Shan Yu. They often take the Central Plains region, which is dominated by agricultural production, as the target of aggression. At that time, because the Central Plains was in a tense merger war, all countries had no time to take into account the counterattack against the Xiongnu, so that the Xiongnu became stronger and the threat to the Central Plains became more and more serious. Xiongnu even occupied the Hetao area of the Yellow River, which was called "Henan land" by Qin people, which was equivalent to stabbing Qin in the back and posed a serious threat to Qin's security. Therefore, after Qin Shihuang unified the whole country, he took counterattacking Xiongnu and recovering "Henan land" as a major strategy to consolidate national unity and put it into practice. But he did not attack the Huns immediately after the reunification of the country. It was not until 2 15 that the stone tablet engraved with the words "* * * * * * *" that Qin Shihuang finally made up his mind to attack the Huns.

2 14 years ago, Qin Shihuang sent Meng Tian to command Qin Jun to pursue the Huns in the northwest. In the northeast corner of Shaanxi Province, Yinshan is in the east, and there are 34 counties in Yinshan area north of Hetao, and Jiuyuan County is restored. Then, Qin Shihuang ordered Meng Tian to cross the Yellow River to capture Gaoque, Yangshan and Beifake areas, build pavilions to expel the conference semifinals, and sent the guilty people to garrison here to enrich the population of the newly established counties.

2 1 1 years ago, Qin Shihuang ordered 30,000 mainland residents to move to Beihe and Yuzhong (now north of Ejinhoro Banner in Inner Mongolia). This is one of them, and there have been different opinions about the location of the old place. The significance of this large-scale resettlement far exceeds the original intention of preventing Xiongnu invasion. It is greatly conducive to the development of the frontier areas of the Qin Empire and the integration of frontier nationalities, and is of great significance in political, economic and cultural exchanges.

Meng Tian led an army to attack the Huns, and won a great victory, which caused great shock at that time. In the end, Xiongnu "dared not look south for more than ten years." However, this victory also made the Qin Dynasty pay a huge price, guarding the captured territory and consolidating the border defense, which brought many new problems to the Qin Dynasty. For example, providing food and grass for the Huns is a heavy burden for Qin Jun, and "countless dead" is inevitable in the battle. It is indeed of great significance to "send people to guard Hebei" and relocate 30 thousand residents from the mainland to enrich the border, but all this is not enough to fundamentally solve this problem. Qin Shihuang comprehensively thought about this problem from a long-term perspective and realized that he must seek a measure to fundamentally protect the northern border defense. Therefore, Qin Shihuang decided to build an artificial military barrier on the road of Xiongnu's southward entry into the Central Plains. So far, the plan to rebuild the Great Wall on the basis of the northern border of Qin, Zhao and Yan was determined by Qin Shihuang and put into practice. Of course, it is General Montaigne and hundreds of thousands of soldiers and civilians under his command who are in charge and responsible for the implementation of this huge project.

2 14 years ago, Meng Tian, a general who made great contributions to the Northern Expedition of Xiongnu, was responsible for building the Great Wall at the request of the imperial edict of Qin Shihuang. At that time, the soldiers and civilians fought bloody battles, starting from Linzi, Qi State, stretching to Wan Li and ending in Liaodong, Yan State. The great movement of human beings to transform and conquer nature began. The new Great Wall was rebuilt and expanded on the basis of the old Great Walls in other countries. This Great Wall runs through the east and west, standing in the northern frontier of Qin Dynasty, and it is a veritable "Great Wall of Wan Li".

As a military defense engineering system, the Great Wall consists of pass, border town, city wall, city platform and beacon tower. Pass and border town are full of dangers. They are usually located on the banks of rivers and ferries, on the side of steep peaks or beside major traffic arteries, and constitute the most important military fortress on the border by virtue of the danger of ravines. Form a combat posture of "one person's strength is above ten thousand people" against the invading enemy. The city wall is surrounded by mountains and waters, blocking traffic, which can effectively prevent the Xiongnu's tough cavalry from advancing and moving on a large scale. On the city wall, every 500 meters or so, there are city platforms and enemy towers for garrison and guard. Its outer edge is built with a crib for fighting. When the enemy attacks under the city wall and uses the dead angle formed by the tall city wall to cover themselves, the defenders can use the city wall platform to shoot the enemy. Outside the city wall platform, there is a battle platform, which is a military facility for the defenders to stay and guard. Combat platforms are generally built in high places, and the top is a flat space for T-shaped search. At the same time, the construction of Qin Changcheng also inherited the ancient way of news dissemination. Outside the city wall, a beacon tower is erected at regular intervals. In an emergency, you can spread the news throughout the defense line in a short time by burning cigarettes during the day and lighting a fire at night. There are heavy troops stationed along the Great Wall and a large number of immigrants. The military and civilians can use the various military facilities of the Great Wall to resist the invasion of Xiongnu in time. As far as the productivity level at that time was concerned, as a super-large-scale military defense system, the design and structure of the Great Wall had reached the peak of the ancient military architectural engineering level.

However, such a huge project took only a few years to complete. This depends not only on the ingenuity of designers and builders, but also on a lot of manpower, financial resources and material resources. Most of the Great Wall projects are built in remote and dangerous places. Under the conditions of poor tools, inconvenient transportation and poor working conditions, it is conceivable that the people's burden is heavy to complete such an arduous project.

In this way, hundreds of thousands of soldiers and civilians, boys and girls, Qilu strong men and Sanqin prisoners in Chu Township shouldered their shoulders with flesh and blood, stretching across Wan Li, erecting huge stones at the top of the mountain, precipice and hill, shedding sweat and blood all the way. How many once strong bodies finally turned into ruins, and how many young people were buried in this thick brick and stone. It can be said that every inch of the Great Wall is covered with blood and tears, and every brick and stone carries the sad songs of countless families. Qin people once left a Song of the Great Wall, which sang: "Be careful not to raise men, but feed women with their breasts. See the Great Wall, dead bodies everywhere! " Although the widely circulated story of Meng Jiangnu crying and hanging her husband on the Great Wall is a folk legend, it reflects the grief and indignation of the people to some extent.

The overjoyed Qin Shihuang spent incalculable manpower, material resources and financial resources on building the Great Wall. For the Daqin dynasty, which just decided on the overall situation and needed to recuperate, it was indeed a big injury. This is also one of the important reasons why Qin Shihuang's dream of the Daqin Empire passed down from generation to generation disappeared in more than ten years.

However, the Great Wall of Wan Li did play a military defensive role in fighting against the Huns and consolidating the frontier defense. From the perspective of war, Qin Shihuang's construction of the Great Wall was in line with the objective needs at that time. Of course, in Qin Shihuang's eyes, the Great Wall was built not only for defense, but also to show off his great achievements, just as he traveled around the world, worshipped Mount Tai and showed off his force.

Shihuang