Historical evolution of Iceland

In 874 AD, Viking Inge Arnason led a group of people to settle in Iceland.

Before Scandinavians and Celts immigrated to Iceland in the 9th century and10th century, Iceland was the last uninhabited big island except New Zealand.

The earliest parliament in the world was established in 930 AD (Icelandic: Al? Ingi) and established a free state in Iceland, although this parliament did not run for a long time. Some written evidence shows that Irish monks lived in Iceland before the arrival of northerners, but there is no archaeological evidence to prove this inference. Iceland was independent for 300 years and was later ruled by Norway and Denmark.

18 14 Before Denmark and the United Kingdom of Norway were divided according to the Kiel Treaty, Iceland was a colony of the Norwegian king and later became a dependency of Denmark. 1874, the Danish government granted Iceland limited autonomy. 19 18, Denmark and Iceland signed a joint bill, and Denmark recognized the Kingdom of Iceland as a sovereign state attached to the Kingdom of Denmark. Since then, Iceland has further gained independence and sovereignty similar to that of a protectorate in internal affairs, while Denmark still retains power in foreign affairs and national defense.

1940 Nazi Germany occupied Denmark during World War II, and the Icelandic parliament announced that the Icelandic government had taken back the power of Iceland's foreign affairs from the Danish king. In the same year, Britain occupied Iceland, a neutral country. The following year, American troops took over from British troops and entered Iceland. The Danish king continued to rule according to law.

1944 Iceland was established. As a member of NATO, the Republic of China signed an agreement with the United States to defend Iceland in 1949. According to this agreement, the United States set up a military base in Lavich, Kiev, until the end of September 2006, when the United States unilaterally withdrew. So far, Iceland does not have its own army.

In the decades after the war, Iceland's economy relied on fisheries, and there were several conflicts with neighboring countries because of this resource, including the famous "cold war" with Britain. In recent years, due to heavy industry investment, Iceland's economy has gradually diversified, aluminum smelting has been developed, and the economy has been liberalized and privatized. The financial crisis in Iceland in 2008 triggered a series of political movements and changes. Iceland became a member of the European Economic Area through the EEA, but did not join the European Union. On July 17, 2009, the Icelandic government formally applied to Sweden, which holds the rotating presidency of the European Union, and the European Commission in Brussels, Belgium, but the negotiations on joining the European Union have been suspended.