Introduction of Iceland's geographical location, climate and environment What's the scenery like in Iceland?

Iceland is a tourist country with unique scenery and the most beautiful aurora in the

Introduction of Iceland's geographical location, climate and environment What's the scenery like in Iceland?

Iceland is a tourist country with unique scenery and the most beautiful aurora in the world. Although Iceland is covered with ice and snow, there are also the most active volcanoes in the world under this thick ice and snow. This article will give you a brief introduction to Iceland's geographical location and climate environment!

About 75% of Iceland is a plateau above 400 meters above sea level, and the rest is a plain lowland. The area covered by ice and snow accounts for about 13% of the national area. There are many glaciers in China, among which the Vatna Glacier in the east is the largest glacier in Europe. Iceland is not only cold and snowy, but also the most active volcanic area in the world. Therefore, Iceland is also called "an island where ice and fire coexist".

Irish monks first arrived in Iceland in the 7th century. Until the early 9th century, they regarded it as an isolated place. Traditionally, the period from 874 to 930 was defined as the "reclamation period" of Iceland. At that time, the political turmoil in Scandinavia forced many Nordic people into exile in the West. The first settlers were Norwegians, who settled in a place with hot springs in 874 AD. They named it Reykjavik, which means "Yanlong Bay", and now it is the capital of Iceland.

Iceland has a special terrain. Although the country name is Iceland, there are more than 200 volcanoes on the island. Almost the whole country is built on volcanic rocks, and most of the land cannot be cultivated. It is the country with the most hot springs in the world, so it is called "the country of ice and fire". The great power of nature in Iceland is gentle, rude, strange, weird, illusory, even cruel and helpless. Glaciers, hot springs, geysers, active volcanoes, ice sheets, tundra, ice sheets, snow peaks, volcanic deserts and waterfalls can be seen on this island.

Iceland's geology is similar to the seabed, and its bedrock is mainly basalt and pyroclastic. There is also a layer of granite on the bedrock of the mainland, but there is basically no granite in Iceland. Most rocks in Iceland today were solidified 60 to 40 million years ago. Due to the long-term volcanic activity in Iceland, fossils are extremely scarce, so the identification of geological age is almost limited to the use of radioactive isotopes contained in rocks.

Among more than 200 volcanoes in Iceland, more than 30 are active volcanoes, and the number of eruptions recorded in history is as many as 150. Iceland is located in the Atlantic trench. Every time the trench expands, it will cause volcanic eruption and earthquake. /kloc-in the 0/8th century, frequent volcanic eruptions destroyed the land of Iceland14, leaving Icelanders without seeing the sun for many years. In recent years, scientists have identified five areas of rising ground temperature through infrared detectors, indicating that there may be a danger of volcanic eruption. Since 12 century, the most famous volcano in Iceland, Hekla, has erupted twice every century.

1947, the most violent eruption of Hekla Peak began, and the sky in the whole area became dark. The wind carried some volcanic slag and ash to Scandinavia 1600 km east of Iceland. Lava flowed out of the crater at the top of the mountain for more than a year. After the lava stopped flowing and the newly ejected rock layers were added, the volcanic cone of Hekla Peak was raised by 130 meters. The following spring, after the volcanic eruption stopped, the deep volcanic gas continued to flow down the hillside and condensed in the nearby valley, resulting in the grazing livestock often being smoked to death.

Westman Islands, located at the southern tip of Iceland, rose from the bottom of the North Atlantic after volcanic eruption about 654.38 million +0 million years ago. Westminster is made up of 16 small islands, the largest of which is called Hei Island, which means "Island of Hometown" in Icelandic. Heimey Island is surrounded by blue waves and green mountains and grass. However, two active volcanoes on Heiyi Island are in danger of erupting at any time. Once the volcano buried under the ice wakes up, it will open the ice cover and spew out a lot of ice, resulting in a strange phenomenon of ice spraying.

1973, the volcano suddenly erupted, and the spreading magma and soaring volcanic ash destroyed 1/3 villages on the island and flooded hundreds of houses. However, in the face of an active volcano that may erupt at any time, the local people did not show fear and escape. They still live and work in peace and contentment and lead a leisurely life. At the same time, this volcano has become one of the most attractive landscapes in Heimuy Island. Tourists come here not only to enjoy the local beauty, but also to explore the unique volcanic landscape and experience the feeling of being with volcanoes. In order to reduce the risk of volcanic eruption, scientists have been watching Iceland closely. When will Vulcan show its power?