Introduction to Aeronautics and Astronautics Papers

My aerospace technology paper

In the past six months, two major aerospace disasters have occurred one after another. Although people are deeply saddened, these setbacks cannot stop mankind from marching into the universe. Since space activities are so risky, why haven’t humans given up on their dream of entering the universe? In the long term, the earth's resources are limited, and human beings must one day step out of their cradle; in the short and medium term, space activities can bring huge returns and are a reflection of a country's comprehensive national strength. Entering the universe is a great undertaking for mankind now and in the future. As a result, manned spaceflight has become the top priority in the development of modern aerospace technology...

The development of China's manned spaceflight technology and its significance and prospects

As the saying goes, the sky is high and the sky is high. Flying, the sea is vast and the fish leaps. Human beings continue to expand their living space in the long process of social progress. Now, the scope of human activities has experienced a gradual development process from land to ocean, from ocean to atmospheric space, and then from atmospheric space to space. Every expansion of the scope of human activities is a great leap forward.

The development history of China’s manned space technology

A long time ago, humans had the desire to fly beyond the earth, explore the mysteries of space and develop cosmic resources. Many myths and stories in ancient my country have been It is an outstanding reflection. The most typical one is Chang'e's Flight to the Moon, which is widely circulated. It describes a beautiful woman named Chang'e who secretly ate the elixir of immortality that her husband Hou Yi obtained from the Queen Mother of the West, and her body became light and floated to the moon.

The first person in history to test flying into space by rocket was the Chinese official Wan Hu in the 15th century. In 1945, American scholar Kim described this in his book "Rockets and Jet Engines": Wanhu first made two large kites and installed them side by side on both sides of a chair. He then bundled 47 of the largest rockets available at the time under the chair. After preparations were completed, Wanhu sat in a chair and ordered his servant to light the rocket. But with a loud bang, he disappeared in flames and smoke, and humanity's first attempt at rocket flight failed.

In the 1980s, reform and opening up brought about the spring of aerospace technology. In 1986, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council approved the "Outline of the High-tech Research and Development Plan ("863" Plan)", which listed aerospace technology as one of the priorities of my country's high-tech research and development. Experts in the "863" high-tech aerospace field conducted an in-depth and detailed demonstration of the future development of my country's aerospace technology, and drew a blueprint for the development prospects of my country's aerospace technology. They unanimously believed that manned spaceflight is the logical next step for our country after the artificial satellite project. One step development goals. In January 1992, the Party Central Committee approved the development of a manned spacecraft project. Since then, my country's manned spaceflight project has officially started. On November 20, 1999, my country successfully launched its first self-developed spacecraft, Shenzhou 1, becoming the third country in the world to launch a spacecraft. After that, Shenzhou 2, 3 and 4 were sent to Jiuchongtian respectively. Before the development of manned spacecraft began in 1992, experts in the field of my country's "863" high-tech aerospace industry conducted several years of research on the issue of which transport vehicle to develop, that is, starting from the development of spacecraft and directly developing beyond the manned spacecraft. Various technical solutions for the space shuttle were fully demonstrated, compared and analyzed, and even heatedly debated.

October 15, 2003, the dream of thousands of households came true, because on this day, the Chinese people’s long-awaited first manned spacecraft Shenzhou 5 successfully lifted off and returned safely, realizing China’s thousand-year flight to space. ideal. It also broke the long-term monopoly of the United States, the Soviet Union and Russia in this field and became the third country in the world to independently develop and launch manned spacecraft. This has played a huge role in the development of the world's manned space industry and the revitalization of China. promotion effect.

The significance of manned spaceflight

Historically, the rise of ocean navigation technology led to the development of world trade, the opening of the world market and a series of achievements in modern science. An era of "global civilization". The advent of contemporary manned space technology has enabled human beings to leave the cradle of the earth and reach space, ushering in a new era of "space civilization".

Manned spaceflight is the development of aerospace technology to a higher stage. However, since manned space technology is very different from unmanned space technology, mainly reflected in three aspects: safety, complexity and high cost, so from the first astronaut in 1961 to the present, it has not shown any special performance. Obvious use.

But from the perspective of the foreseeable future, the major problems that humans are currently facing such as resource depletion and population growth that need to be solved urgently can only be solved by opening up the earth and expanding human living space. Even in contemporary times, the development of manned spaceflight can play the following roles:

First, it can reflect a country's comprehensive national strength and enhance its international prestige. Because the level and achievements of aerospace technology are a comprehensive reflection of a country's economic, scientific and technological strength. Manned spaceflight is the development of aerospace technology to a higher stage. The breakthrough of manned spaceflight - using the country's manned spacecraft to send astronauts into space and return safely is a sign of a country's comprehensive national strength. The development of manned spaceflight requires advanced technological levels, developed industrial foundation and strong economic strength. So far, only Russia and the United States have achieved manned spaceflight. Although other countries with certain aerospace technology foundations or strong economic strength want to get involved in manned spaceflight, they are unable to do so, so they can only resort to cooperation with them and contribute money to fly their own astronauts with Russian and American manned spacecraft. Send it to space in an attempt to gradually join the world's "manned space club." Comrade Deng Xiaoping once said: Without two bombs and one satellite, China would not have the status of a great power. Therefore, when our country's astronauts enter space, they can attract the attention of the world, improve our country's international status, invigorate the national spirit, and enhance the cohesion of the whole people, just like our country had "two bombs and one satellite" in the 1960s and 1970s.

Secondly, it can reflect the achievements in many fields of modern science and technology, and at the same time put forward new development needs for various fields of modern science and technology, which can greatly promote the development of the entire science and technology, and will contribute to the cultivation and creation of aerospace science and technology. Talents make contributions. For example, in terms of the development and operation of manned spacecraft itself, it places high demands on technologies such as communications, remote sensing, propulsion, measurement, materials, computers, systems engineering, automatic control, environmental control, and life support. Therefore, greatly promoted the progress of these technologies.

Furthermore, the development of manned spaceflight can promote the development of space resources and benefit mankind on earth. The high distance position and special environment such as microgravity of the manned spacecraft can provide an ideal experimental place for scientific research. It is playing an important role in promoting life sciences and biotechnology, microgravity science and applications, and many other aspects. It is expected to make breakthrough progress in some cutting-edge subjects and bring huge benefits to mankind. Some countries have achieved remarkable results in the fields of space medicine, space breeding, and space material processing, and are preparing to build space factories, whose efficiency and benefits are limitless.

In addition, the population that the earth can accommodate is limited, about 8 billion to 11 billion, so some people have begun to study plans to immigrate to outer space; the energy on the earth is also increasingly tense, so whether it is possible to What about developing mineral deposits on other planets? This is an issue that scientists are concerned about, and it is not Tianfangyetan, because many myths and fantasies that were unattainable in the past, such as manned moon landings, have now become reality.

Finally, manned spaceflight has huge military potential. The use of manned spacecraft can well complete reconnaissance and surveillance missions; flexibly deploy, repair and assemble large military satellites; safely and continuously command and control ground military forces; and can also serve as a testing ground for special weapons. For example, as early as December 1965, the astronauts aboard the U.S. Gemini 7 spacecraft used infrared remote sensors to monitor and track the launch of a submarine-launched missile, and the information obtained was more than what the observers on the submarine reported. quick. During the first and second Gulf Wars, astronauts on the Mir Space Station and the International Space Station conducted a large number of observation activities in the war zone and obtained a lot of useful information.

The future prospects of China's manned spaceflight

China's manned spaceflight will implement a "three-step" development strategy. Based on the successful launch of four unmanned test spacecraft, China has sent its first astronaut into space, achieving a historic breakthrough in manned spaceflight. However this is only the first step. In addition to continuing to use manned spacecraft for earth observation and space experiments, the second step will focus on extravehicular activities, space rendezvous and docking experiments, and the launch of long-term autonomous flight and short-term manned space laboratories, so as to build a complete supporting space project as soon as possible. Large system to solve space application problems of a certain scale. The third step is to build a larger space station that will be manned for a long time.