Jiangxi fills Huguang, Huguang fills Sichuan

As early as 1364 (from Yuan Dynasty to 24 years), Zhu Yuanzhang, the great ancestor of Ming Dynasty, sent general Xu Da to attack Changsha, and fought a bloody battle with the old army of Chen Youliang and the remnants of Yuan Dynasty for four years, with a crushing defeat. Finally, it won in 1368 (the first year of Hongwu) and established the rule of the Ming Dynasty in Changsha.

However, years of war at the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty made the rural areas in Changsha barren, the people scattered, Lusheng was a city, and many places were barren. As a result, the Ming Dynasty moved a large number of Jiangxi immigrants to Changsha (Hubei and Hunan, when the two provinces were one province, called Huguang Province), which made "farming" play a grand epic of "Jiangxi filling Huguang" in history.

During the Chongzhen period of Ming Dynasty, due to the peasant uprising of Zhang, there were frequent wars in Deyang area. In the sixteenth year of Kangxi, the Qing army killed innocent people in order to destroy the rebels, and the population was exhausted and deserted. According to the decree of the Qing court, many residents in Jiangxi, Hunan and Hubei were forced to move. People call this great migration "Jiangxi fills Huguang and Huguang fills Sichuan".

Jiangxi fills Huguang.

Judging from Guiyang County, Hunan Province, Liu, Li and Yuan are all immigrants from Jiangxi, but they moved in successively and their ancestral homes are different. Most people in Guiyang County, Hunan Province moved in from other places after the Tang and Song Dynasties, including 10 from Jiangxi and 9 from Taihe County, Jiangxi Province. Jiangxi's migration to northern Guangdong is probably the aftermath of the great migration of "Jiangxi fills the lake and fills the wide area".

Although there are Wuling Mountains between northern Guangdong and Hunan, they are inextricably linked geographically. Jiangxi, Fujian and Hunan all have ancient roads leading to northern Guangdong. The Xijing Ancient Road from Chang 'an to Lingnan, built in the Han Dynasty, crossed Qitianling at the junction of Hunan and Guangdong, becoming another channel for Hunan to enter northern Guangdong and even the whole Lingnan area. In addition, Wushui, which flows from southern Hunan to northern Guangdong, is a natural mode of transportation between the two places. Historically, Jiangxi people moved to Hunan and then spread to northern Guangdong along the above-mentioned traffic arteries.

Tan Qixiang, a famous historical geographer, studied the origin of Hunan people in his early years and came to the conclusion that Hunan people came from all corners of the country, most of whom were from Jiangxi. After Jiangxi people moved to Hunan, most of them were educated and cultivated. In order to avoid a long journey, most people from southern Jiangxi moved to southern Hunan and most people from northern Jiangxi moved to northern Hunan. Moreover, Mr. Tan Qixiang believes that as early as the Five Dynasties, the Song Dynasty and the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, a large number of immigrants entered Hunan, with a relatively large number in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and the scale of immigrants in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties was the most unprecedented. Mr. Tan Qixiang pointed out in particular that before the Southern Song Dynasty, almost all the immigrants who raided Hunan were from Jiangxi. It can be seen that Jiangxi ancestors migrated several times in history, and now many people in Hunan are bleeding from Jiangxi.

At the end of Ming Dynasty, Jiangxi people moved to Huguang, and hundreds of years later, these people moved to Sichuan.

According to Sichuan media, the discovery of three Qing Dynasty Jiangxi tombstones near Qingxi Middle School in Qingxi Town, Sichuan Province resurfaced the history of "Huguang filling Sichuan" immigrants in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, so historians believe that the immigration history of "Huguang filling Sichuan" lasted at least nearly 60 years. Historians recognized that Qing government immigrants began in the 10th year of Kangxi (A.D. 167 1) and ended in the Battle of Jinchuan in northwest Sichuan (A.D. 1776). Monument No.3 found in Qingxi has the clearest handwriting. The inscription shows that Wei Zuozong and Wei erected a monument for his father, whose father was "Taipingbao from Nanshui Town, Anyuan County, Ganzhou Prefecture, Jiangxi Province" and died in December of Xinmao Year of Guangxu (A.D. 189 1). If they live to be 60 years old, they will be born in Jiangxi Province with the number 1838. Inferring from the year and month in the inscriptions, historians recognize that the period of "Huguang filling Sichuan" in Qing Dynasty was too short, and three inscriptions prove that Qingxi Town accepted autonomous immigrants for at least nearly 60 years. There is a tombstone moved to Zhoujiashan, Donggangbao, Xingren Township, Qianwei County, Sichuan Province, which shows that at this time, Qianwei County is one of the areas where immigrants are concentrated. Jiangxi immigrants broke the habit of living in the same hometown and began to settle in the surrounding mountainous areas. From the analysis of inscriptions, most of the immigrants accepted by Qianwei County in the early days were single men, belonging to exploratory immigrants. Later, immigrants who moved to Qianwei with their families gradually increased.

From this, we can see the inheritance of this migration line and the hundred-year migration history of Jiangxi people back to the Yangtze River.

At the end of the Ming Dynasty, with the opening of a new air route in Asia, Europeans introduced peppers found in America to China, and peppers soon became an indispensable condiment on people's tables.

It is worth mentioning that people in Jiangxi, Hunan and Sichuan along the Yangtze River valley are famous for their love of Chili. People often joke that Jiangxi people are "spicy and not afraid"; Hunan people are afraid of spicy food. Even because of the popularity of eating Chili peppers in Hunan, "Xiangmeizi" has another nickname of "Spicy Girl". Sichuanese's "level" is even worse, and they like to "neutralize" the "spicy" with peppers.

People in Hunan, Sichuan and Jiangxi all like to eat Chili, which may be related to the climate, and this situation may be related to the great migration of people in the early Qing Dynasty. As we all know, the population of Sichuan decreased sharply in the early Qing Dynasty due to the war, while there was a serious problem of a large population and a small land in Jiangxi. As a result, there has been a large-scale population movement of "Jiangxi fills Huguang and Huguang fills Sichuan", and the habit of eating Chili has spread like this, just as the northeast people love garlic because it was immigrated from Shandong. However, as to whether the people in Yunnan-Guizhou and Shaanxi-Gansu areas are fond of Chili peppers is the "expansion" of Sichuan, it needs further discussion due to the lack of historical materials.

As long as Jiangxi businessmen all over the country have completed a certain primitive accumulation, they will invariably do the first thing-build the Wanshou Palace. In the eyes of Jiangxi businessmen, no matter whether they are rich or well-off, whether they are gangs or wandering the rivers and lakes, they will never forget the personality god of Jiangxi people-Xu Zhenjun, and they should worship his old man's house as if they were in their native land. Since the Ming Dynasty, Jiangxi immigrants have built Wanshou Palace in Kyoto and almost all provincial capitals, and its affiliated or other Jiangxi guildhalls are dotted around. After all, Wanshou Palace is a folk building, which can be magnificent or simple. So even in Yunnan province, from north to south, to the Yunnan-Myanmar border, there are Wanshou Palace in Jiangxi everywhere. In Fenghuang Ancient City in western Hunan, the famous Jiangxi Hall Wanshou Palace and the foil building Xiachangting have become famous tourist attractions.

However, times have changed, and the days when incense lit up half the sky in China Wanshou Palace soon faded. Jiangyou Gang, which still worships the simple ideal of farming society, was hit by modern guns. Like Chaoshan gang, Ningbo gang and Jiangsu gang, they all lost their former brilliant colors. As a result, the continuous war, the burning barbecue and the destruction in the wind and rain made it difficult for the Wanshou Palace, including Nanchang, to survive, not to mention the Wanshou Palace scattered all over the country. Even the advertisements made by descendants of Jiangxi people from all over the world at a high price can only be seen in words or ruins.

Today, the weak modern business gangs in Jiangxi are always with us in the modern economic tide, which is really the sorrow of Jiangxi people.