History of Sichuan in England

Great Britain is located in the middle of Sichuan and the middle reaches of Fujiang River. Here are beautiful mountains and rivers, outstanding people and a long history. This piece of red soil has witnessed the changes of thousands of years, the rise and fall of more than a dozen dynasties, the changes of names and surnames, more or less. Historical Records, The History of the Three Kingdoms, The Book of the Tang Dynasty and other famous works in ancient times can all find the evolution of their territorial jurisdiction and organizational system. Yongjiang River, where the river flows eastward, silently records this long story ... In 209 BC, Chen Sheng and Guangwu launched the militia, and Xiang Yu and Liu Bang took the opportunity to destroy Qin in Qixian period (2065438 BC+0-355 AD). In 207 BC, the battle of Qin, Chu and Han continued. Weak Han wins strong Chu, and Chu loses. Xiang Yu killed himself in Wujiang River, and Liu Bangjian proclaimed himself emperor. Liu Bang was once named King of Hanzhong by Chu, and he won Chu because he relied on talents from Sean, Xiao He, Han Xin and Bashu. Because he established the Han Dynasty and made great contributions to Bashu, he used the word "Han" to praise the place names of China. Jialing River was changed to Western Han River, and many counties in Shu were established in Chinese characters, such as (Nanchong), Hanchang (Cangxi), Xuanhan and Guanghan. County 13 based on Chinese characters belongs to Guanghan County, and Guanghan County belongs to Yizhou (Chengdu) in the fifth year of Han Yuanfeng. The county governs Yizhou, Guanghan County, Guanghan County and Qixian County (located in Qijiang Town, Santai County). Daying County belongs to Qixian County. In the first year of Emperor Taikang of the Han Dynasty (280), Dongguanghan County was abolished and merged into Guanghan County, and Qixian County was changed to Wucheng County, which belonged to Guanghan County and Wucheng County. In the second year of Emperor Tai 'an of Jinhui (303), Li Yan, a former famous Shu player, and Li Ming, Li Shou and Shi Li, descendants of Li Feng, rebelled against Shu Han and established the regime of Cheng Han (303-347 AD), and moved Guanghan County from Zitong to Luoxian County (now Guanghan City), and the county territory remained unchanged. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the descendants of the former vassal states and the famous soldiers of Qin and Han Dynasties rebelled against Jin one after another. The regime of the Western Jin Dynasty was crumbling and forced to move the capital to establish the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In the third year of Yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (347), Huan Wen, a famous Eastern Jin Dynasty, was ordered to pacify the "Han Cheng" regime. Because of the flat land in Sichuan, Deyang County was changed to Suining County, which means "keeping things quiet", and the establishment below the county and the territory of the county remain unchanged. During the period of Baxing County (355-555), in the 11th year of Yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (355), Baxing County was set up in Yongjiang and Fujiang in the southeast of Fenxi County and in the south of Guanghan County, which governed Lingjiusan. In 555, in the second year of the Western Wei Dynasty, it was renamed Changjiang County. Baxing County has existed for 200 years in the history of China, which is the early period of British County, and is called "Baxing County Period". Baxing County experienced five feudal dynasties: Eastern Jin Dynasty, Liu Song Dynasty, Southern Qi Dynasty, Liang Dynasty and Western Wei Dynasty, which was an era of long-term division, separatism and scuffle in the history of China. Baxing County was an important political, economic, military, transportation and cultural center in Sichuan at that time. The establishment of Baxing City opened the curtain of British history. In the first year of Yixi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (405), Qiao Zong was king in Shuikou, Baxing County (now Qiaokou, Daying County). After capturing Chengdu, he ruled Sichuan for eight years, which was quite loved by Shu people. In July of the 9th year of Yuan Jia in Liu Song Dynasty (432), Xu Mu, who claimed to be the imperial clan of Jin Dynasty, led a massive peasant uprising. More than 1000 rebels attacked Baxing County (now the Yangtze River Dam in Great Britain) and killed Wang Zhenzhi, the magistrate of Baxing County. Later, the chief of Suining also abandoned the city and fled. The rebel army grew to more than 65,438+10,000 people, and fought in the three rivers of Min, Tuo and Fu for eight years, which dealt a heavy blow to the feudal rulers. Wang Zhenzhi was the first county magistrate killed by a peasant insurgent in British history, and he was immortalized for it. Because of its beautiful scenery and convenient transportation, many ministers also chose Baxing County as the burial place behind them. For example, during the Xiao Qi period (479-502), the secretariat of Xinzhou, Ran Daozhou, and his wife, Princess Nankang, were buried by Tiqi in Lei Yu Town, Baxing County (now Earth Dam in Bai Xi, Pengxi County). During the war of Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Baxing was vast and sparsely populated, and most areas were still a vast virgin forest. During the Southern Dynasties, Buddhism began to spread to Baxing County, and some temples were built, such as the Linshui Temple in Penglai Town built during the Southern Dynasties. During the period of Changjiang County (555- 1282), in the second year of Gongdi in the Western Wei Dynasty (555), Baxing County was changed to Changjiang County, which was named after the long Fujiang River in China, also known as Huaihua County. Changjiang County experienced nine feudal dynasties, including Western Wei Dynasty, Northern Zhou Dynasty, Sui Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Qianshu Dynasty, Houshu Dynasty, Northern Song Dynasty, Southern Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty. It was merged into Pengxi County in the 19th year of Yuan Dynasty (1282) and existed for 727 years, which is called "Changjiang County Period" in history. During the Western Wei and Northern Zhou Dynasties, Changjiang County was transferred to Suizhou for three years (607). Suizhou was renamed Suining County, and Changjiang County was placed under Suizhou. The county administration of the Yangtze River was moved from Lingjiusan to Fenghuang Mountain, which is near Mingyue Mountain in Changjiang Village, Ma Hui. "Taiping Universe" Volume 87 "Changjiang County Records" said: "In the second year of Tang Dynasty, the old county was uneasy and moved to the foot of Mingyue Mountain in Fenghuang River. Mingyue Mountain was in the west of the county." In the early years of the Tang Dynasty, the chaotic administrative divisions since the Southern and Northern Dynasties were adjusted, and the state and county administrative system was established. Counties are graded according to geographical location, area, population, products and other conditions. The state is divided into seven grades: auxiliary, male, hope, tension, upper, middle and lower; Counties are divided into seven parts: Beijing, Kyrgyzstan, Wangwang, Tight, Upper, Middle and Lower. The territory of Changjiang County in Song Dynasty was wider than that of Daying County today, including the whole territory of Daying County, Suining area and part of Pengxi County today. According to Yuan Feng Jiu Yu Zhi, "The Yangtze River, eight miles north of the state, eleven townships, and six towns of Baitu, Fengtai, Jiangdian, Long Beach, Keguan and Zhao Jing." Baitu Town-Baituba Area, Tianfu Town, Pengxi County; Fengtai Town-Fengtai Dam Area, chuanshan district City, Suining City; Jiangdian Town-now Guihua Town, Suining City; Long Beach Town-the surrounding area of Longsheng Town, Daying County; Keguan Town-Penglai Town, Daying County; Zhao Jing Town-today's riverside town in Daying County. Of the six towns in Changjiang County, only three, namely Keguan, Long Beach and Zhao Jing, are in Britain today. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Changjiang County was economically developed. Oil was discovered in Keguan Town and Zhao Jing Town of Changjiang County in Tang Dynasty, which is the earliest record of oil discovery in Sichuan. In the Song Dynasty, the well salt, natural gas and sugar industry in Changjiang County also made great progress. The New Tang Book records that the Yangtze River produces salt. By the Song Dynasty, Changjiang County had adopted the advanced technology of Zhuotongjing to extract deep salt from underground wells. Salt wells are unprecedentedly developed, and Keguan Town and Zhao Jing Town have become the distribution areas of Zhuotong Wells. The name of "Zhao Jing Town" was also named after the abundance of well salt in the Tang and Song Dynasties. The ancient temple reflects the forest mountains, and the mountain roads are half monks. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Buddhism and Taoism in Changjiang County also flourished. According to the old county records, many temples in Daying County were built in the Tang and Song Dynasties. It is a pity that there is the Diamond Sutra on Cliff in Tang Dynasty in the South Sanli of Changjiang County. In the Qing Dynasty, the rock of Chengtian Temple (now Baozhen) collapsed, and a cave with a Buddha statue appeared. In addition, there is a monument that was hung for three years in the Tang Dynasty (685). The inscription is completely peeled off and only the age is known. Jue Yuan Temple in Changjiang County has a bell tablet in the Tang Dynasty. In the twelfth year of Yuanhe (8 17), he wrote a book for Zhang Jiuzong, the secretariat of Suizhou. In the Geigu Temple in Changjiang County, there are stone carvings in the 14th year of Tang Dynasty (860), decorated with Guanyin statues of thousands of hands. There are many Tang steles and Song steles in Changjiang County, which are all over the county. After thousands of years of wind and frost, it is rare now. From several remaining historical sites, we can infer the glory of Changjiang County in the Tang and Song Dynasties. During the period of being merged into Pengxi County (1282- 1997), after a long and cruel war, Sichuan was cold and smokeless, its population plummeted, its fields were deserted, and some counties were left unattended, so the rulers of Yuan Dynasty adopted the measures of merging provinces and counties. From Yuan Shizu to the 19th year of Yuan Dynasty (1282), Changjiang County was merged into Pengxi due to its small population, belonging to Suining House in Tongchuan, Sichuan. After Yuan, Ming, Qing and Republic of China, until 1997 and 12, with the approval of the State Council, the administrative division of Pengxi County was adjusted to establish Daying County, and Changjiang County was merged into Pengxi County * * * 7 15. During this 7 15 year, there was no county government in English counties, which was called "the period of merging into Pengxi County". Pengxi County was once an area where patriots of the Southern Song Dynasty struggled against the Yuan Dynasty in the great storm of landslides and rising seas. Many soldiers were stationed in Pengxi Village, regrouping and struggling to defend the last piece of land in the Song Dynasty. Yuan soldiers invaded the south, rode elite troops, and the smoke was thousands of miles away, clamoring to move mountains and shake them, and all the counties they passed collapsed. When the people in the city haven't "woken up", Mongolian troops in sheep's clothing and pigtails have occupied Pengxi and Penglai on marooned horses. According to relevant genealogy records, the Mongolian army searched and killed many people. Many people buried valuable things in the soil when they fled, but never came back. Today, in some places, there are still discoveries in the cellar at the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty-touching the relics with your hands, dribs and drabs, tears in front of your eyes. Pengxi County and Changjiang County were Wang xian county County and Tight County respectively in the Song Dynasty, but after the merger of the two counties in the Yuan Dynasty, they were reduced to Xia County, because the population in the county was still sparse and the people's situation was worrying. In the ninth year of Hongwu in Ming Taizu (1376), Suining Prefecture was reduced to Suining County; Ten years (1377) in May, and Pengxi County and Suining County; In November of 13th year (1380), Pengxi County was rebuilt, and since then, Pengfen County has been placed under the jurisdiction of Tongchuan Prefecture. In the tenth year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1653), Suining County was merged into Pengxi County, and in the seventeenth year (1660), Suining County was restored, and Pengsui was divided into counties again, and the demarcation remained the same. In the 12th year of Yongzheng (1734), Tongchuan prefecture was promoted to a prefecture, which was in charge of Santai, Shehong, Yanting, Zhongjiang, Pengxi, Suining, Anyue and Lezhi until the late Qing Dynasty. According to "Geography" in the Draft of Qing Dynasty, Pengxi was listed as a difficult place in Qing Dynasty, with 795 salt wells, Penglai Town as the county seat and Kangjiadu as the salt envoy (now Hongjiang Town, Pengxi County). In the eighth year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1728), Penglai Town set up a patrol inspection department, and in the first year of Qianlong (1736), it was changed to Penglai Town as a salt ambassador. After twenty years of Qianlong (1756), it was strictly ordered to move to Kangjiadu, and Penglai Town was changed to Xiancheng. Since then, Penglai Town has become a sub-county level under the jurisdiction of Pengxi County. During the Xianfeng period of the Qing Dynasty, the county set up the Union Security Bureaus in three townships: China, East and West. Today's Daying County is called Xixiang. In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), Pengxi county was subordinate to Tongchuan prefecture in northern Sichuan, and it was changed from Penglai county to county magistrate. Later, in the era of "protected area system" (19 17- 1935), Daying County was occupied by Deng Xihou. In the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935), the administrative supervision area system was implemented. Pengxi county is the 12 administrative supervision district in Sichuan province, and Pengxi is changed to Xixiang in the Middle East as the third district. Now Daying County is the third district. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was called "the third district". Nine times out of ten, the British are not indigenous, and most of them are descendants of Huguang immigrants. Old Sichuanese who settled in Britain before the Song and Yuan Dynasties are rare. There were frequent wars in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. In Sichuan, "the people are in poverty", "the road is blocked, and the tigers and wolves are pushing each other", the fields are barren and the mountains of Shu are beautiful. In the third year of Qing Shunzhi (1646), there were only dozens of families in Pengxi County. During the period of Kang Yong, residents from Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and Jiangxi moved to Sichuan, which was called "Huguang filling Sichuan" in history. Huguang fills Sichuan, and fills the no-man's land created by Mongolian nobles unscrupulously. According to the genealogy, more than 80% of the ancestors in Daying County today came from Hubei and Hunan. 1949 65438+On February 4th, Penglai Town was liberated, and the dirt road was turned over on this day. For Britain, this day is a watershed between darkness and light. From 65438 to 0950, Sichuan Province was divided into four administrative regions: East Sichuan, South Sichuan, West Sichuan and North Sichuan, and Pengxi County was subordinate to Suining District of North Sichuan Administrative Office. 1952 September, Sichuan Administrative Region was merged into Sichuan Province, Pengxi County was subordinate to Suining District of Sichuan Province, Suining District was merged into Mianyang District 1958, Pengxi County was subordinate to Mianyang District of Sichuan Province. Suining City was established 1985, and Pengxi County belongs to Suining City, Sichuan Province. Daying county was established (1997 65438+February 28th). Pengxi in Ming and Qing Dynasties was called "Sanxing", which was formed by the merger of Tangxing County (Pengxi County), Baxing County (Changjiang County) and Jinxing County (Qingshi County) in Tang and Song Dynasties. Tangxing County is the middle township of Pengxi County in Qing Dynasty, the "first district" in the Republic of China and the "old district" after the founding of the People's Republic of China. Jinxing County is Dongxiang in Pengxi County in Qing Dynasty, the "second district" in the Republic of China and the "second district" after the founding of the People's Republic of China. Baxing County is Xixiang of Pengxi in Qing Dynasty, the "three districts" of the Republic of China and the "old district" after the founding of the People's Republic of China. Pengxi after the merger of the three counties, with an area of 1953 square kilometers, spans the east and west banks of Fujiang River. The area is herringbone with long and narrow wings. It is bordered by 10 districts and counties in six cities including Chongqing, Neijiang and Deyang, with a border line of more than 600 kilometers. The establishment of county-level administrative divisions in Laopengxi was caused by history. Due to the destruction of several wars of regime change in the late Song Dynasty, early Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, Pengxi, Yangtze River and Qingshi counties were almost deserted. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the population of the three counties was about 60,000. After the war, they traveled hundreds of miles without anyone. The total population of the three counties is less than 10 thousand, and the local officials have nothing to do. So in the 19th year of Yuan Dynasty, Changjiang County was merged into Pengxi County, and in the 13th year of Ming Hongwu, the east bank of Fujiang River in Qingshi County was merged into Pengxi County. At that time, the merger only paid attention to the population size and output value, but ignored the economy, geographical location and development potential, leaving the defect of unreasonable layout. Especially the county seat is at the top of the herringbone. Among the towns and villages to the west of Fujiang, 7 are more than 0 km away from the county seat 1 10. The traffic is very inconvenient, which brings many difficulties through Pengxi administration, which is not conducive to conveying government orders, exchanging information, commodity circulation and economic development, and also affects the coordinated layout of Suining town, which has become a restrictive factor for Suining to adapt to the market economy and accelerate its development. 1958 to 1959, Pengxi County is preparing to move its capital to Penglai. 1958, the office building, post and telecommunications building and county guest house of Tianbazi County Committee in Penglai Town started. The county guest house was built in the second half of 1959, but the plan to move to the county seat was put on hold because of the turmoil in the decade of the Cultural Revolution. 1997 65438+On February 28th, after the establishment of Daying County, the guest house became the temporary office of Daying County Committee, County People's Congress, County Government and County Political Consultative Conference. Since the reform and opening up, in order to meet the needs of the construction of socialist market economy, we have accelerated the development of the two counties and promoted the economic development of the whole city. People's Republic of China (PRC) * * and the Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People's Bank of China issued a document (1997) No.23, which issued the Reply on Agreeing to Adjust the Administrative Division of Pengxi County and Establish Daying County in Sichuan Province to the People's Government of Sichuan Province. 1 997 65438+February1The Sichuan Provincial People's Government issued the Reply on Adjusting the Administrative Division of Pengxi County to Establish Daying County to the Suining Municipal People's Government. The reply said that after deliberation by the provincial government and approval by the State Council, it was agreed to adjust the administrative division of Pengxi County and establish Daying County. 1On February 28th, 997, Daying County was established with the approval of the State Council. Daying County has jurisdiction over three towns of Tongxian, Jinyuan and Zhishui, and eight towns of Yufeng, Xiangshan, Zhuotongjing, Tianbao, Penglai, Riverside, Longsheng and Ma Hui (including three villages of Wu Wen, Yonghe and Xiajiagou in Hongjiang Town). Penglai town and county people's government.