Why are there no penguins in the Arctic? What is the specific reason?

The South Pole and the North Pole are located at the two ends of the earth, where the climate is cold and there is snow all year round. The climate and environmental conditions look very similar, but penguins live in Antarctica, not in the North Pole. Why?

To understand this problem, we need to start from both history and reality.

Penguins we are talking about are a large class of birds in animal classification. They can't fly, adapt to life in water, and are all distributed in the southern hemisphere. Scientists believe that penguins evolved from a flying bird 6,543.8 billion years ago. These birds live in what is now New Zealand. At that time, New Zealand was not so far away from the South Pole, so some penguins spread to the South Pole, forming several common Antarctic penguins today.

From a realistic point of view, although the environment in Antarctica and North A is similar, the ecological conditions are not the same. Antarctica is an independent continent surrounded by a vast ocean. The climate here is cold, and only some primitive insects and bryophytes grow, so there are no large herbivores and no carnivores like polar bears. So penguins can get enough food in the surrounding waters.

Being far away from the mainland also prevents penguins' natural enemies from migrating to the South Pole, thus providing penguins with a unique growth and habitat environment. Therefore, even ignoring historical factors, we now artificially transport penguins to the North Pole, and it is difficult for them to inhabit and reproduce in the North Pole for a long time.