Shanxi, the land of Sanjin, has mountains and rivers outside.

It is said that China saw Shaanxi in 3,000 years and China saw Shanxi in 5,000 years. Shanxi is indeed rich in historical and cultural heritage and deserves to be called the Museum of Ancient Culture. There are ancient city mansions, temples, grottoes, ancient pagodas and ancient tombs everywhere, and there are dangerous buildings and passes everywhere. Thousands of years of Chinese civilization have been buried in the yellow land with criss-crossing ravines. ...

Shanxi belongs to North China and has always been an important "border town" in China in history! Shanxi has always been the "natural Great Wall" of the Central Plains Dynasty and the Han nationality! Shanxi is called "Jin" for short, also called Longcheng!

Whether it is the civil war that dominated and annexed the world since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, or the anti-aggression war of the Han nationality abroad, Shanxi has always been the frontier post of the war! From Yanmen, Yunzhong and Dai Jun in the Qin and Han Dynasties to Datong, Shaanxi and Fu Xuan in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it has always been the frontier for the Central Plains Dynasty to resist the invasion of northern minorities! Until modern times, Shanxi was at the forefront of resisting the Japanese aggressors! These well-known Shanxi place names in history are the symbols of Shanxi as the steel backbone of the Chinese nation!

China is in trouble, and the land of Sanjin bears the brunt! To this day, Niangziguan still has the legend of Princess Pingyang, and Pingxingguan still has the remains of war! Perhaps there is no shortage of legends of heroes and beautiful women at the gates of Taiyuan. The combination of the flying generals of Dragon City and the frontier fortress of maids makes Shanxi, a rough and crazy regional city, also rich in beautiful women like Wu Zetian, and countless heroes sweat profusely in the vast history!

If you search, you will find that among the celebrities in Shanxi, there are emperors like Jin Wengong and Wu Zetian, and celebrities like Lin Xiangru, Di Renjie, Wen Yanbo and Sima Guang; There are Lian Po, Wei Qing, Huo Qubing, Guan Yu, Xue and Yang jiye. Famous artists include Wang Bo, Wang Zhihuan, Wang Wei, Wang Changling, Liu Zongyuan, Bai Juyi, Mi Fei, Bai Pu, Guan Hanqing, Zheng Guangzu, Luo Guanzhong, Fu Shan, etc ... Behind each name, there are immortal literary martial arts, which can be described as the stars shining in the world.

Although located in the north, Shanxi never lacks good scenery! As Guo, an old artist in Pingyao, sang: "People say that Shanxi has beautiful scenery, fertile land, beautiful water and delicious food. The left hand refers to Taihang Mountain, and the right hand refers to Lvliang. Looking up from that height, look at the water of the Fenhe River and rush through my small village! " Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi Province, is located between Taihang and Lvliang, and the Fenhe River water passing through the city just divides the city into the new city and the old city.

In the middle school text, most of us have learned the prose "Difficult Old Spring", and we know the story of the separation of Dong's brother in Zhou Dynasty and Jin's three families in Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period.

Many people come here to relive countless allusions in Jinci. In the evening, the vast courtyard of Jinci Temple is empty, the quaint pavilions and pavilions are particularly solemn under the setting sun, the towering ancient trees are winding like dragons, and the Zen sound of the Shifang Temple rebuilt by General Tang Weichi Gong Villa fills the air, giving you a sense of vicissitudes through history.

In addition, there are Zhang and ancestral halls in Jinci. It is said that all kings in the world come from Taiyuan. It is not surprising that the source of caste is here!

The locust tree in Hong Tong is the "root" of China people.

Speaking of it, this is also because Shanxi has the Taihang Mountain in Lvliang, the dome of the Yellow River and the Great Wall in the north of Shanxi, which has maintained a relatively complete population during the war!

At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, in order to resume production, Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang of Ming Dynasty ordered Shanxi people with well-preserved population to move to more than 500 counties and cities in Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Anhui, Beijing, Jiangsu and other 18 provinces! Among them, the population migration of Sophora japonica in Hongdong County, Shanxi Province is the most famous!

From the sixth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1373) to the fifteenth year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 14 17), Sophora japonica in Hongdong County experienced more than ten large-scale migrations in about forty years! So now many people in the country think they are descendants of Shanxi immigrants in the early Ming Dynasty.

Of course, Shanxi people abandon their land and leave their hometown, which is also related to the lack of local resources-80% of Shanxi's terrain is mountainous, which means it is more difficult for Shanxi people to live on land-and there is a relatively long cold season!

This also prompted the adventurous spirit of Shanxi people to go to the world: "Brother, it is really difficult for my little sister to stay when you go to the west exit. I will take my brother by the hand and send him to the gate. " This sad song "Going West" has been sung for a long time, telling the sufferings of countless newlyweds, and also crying about the hardships of modern Shanxi people going out to make a living. A friend in Baotou, Inner Mongolia, said that most of Baotou people are from Shanxi and come to Baotou from the west.

When I was a child, I studied Zhao Shuli's novel "Shan Yao Egg School", which was full of farmer-oriented thought and local color, and was full of enthusiasm for life. Gradually, Shanxi is a barren land in my eyes. It is a banner of agricultural reclamation, a great image of Chen Yonggui, the prime minister of farmers, and Guo Fenglian, the Iron Lady.

But at the same time, due to adventure and diligence, many Shanxi people have accumulated a lot of wealth in commercial times.

So when it comes to Shanxi, it is difficult for you to judge whether it is rich or not.

Shanxi Merchants: A Leap in Border Town Trade

When I was in middle school, I read Yu's Shame on Shanxi and found myself misreading Shanxi too much.

Shanxi is rich in history, and Pingyao, Qixian and Taigu are rich in the world. This is mainly because of Shanxi's topographical characteristics and the convenience of being a "border town" from ancient times to the present, which gave birth to the material demand brought by the war in Shanxi's border town, strengthened Shanxi's commercial genes and culture, and enabled Shanxi to enjoy the logistics material supply as a war dividend and the direct commercial dividend of the early port trade monopoly because of the border town!

Therefore, from the early Ming Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, Shanxi merchants developed rapidly. They specialized in border trade, gradually played the role of North-South goods trading and long-distance transshipment, and formed giant merchant families such as Yuci Changjia, Taigu Caojia, Qixian Qiaojia, Pingyao Angel Li and Lingshi Wang Jia. Salt industry and ticket number business became the main business of Shanxi merchants, especially the ticket number business served as the central bank for a long time in Qing Dynasty.

Even in the Republic of China, when Shanxi Bank completely declined, representatives of Shanxi merchants were in charge of the "financial power" of the national government in South China, where the chaebol crisscrossed Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces! We have all heard about the feat of Shanxi merchants in opening up the northern commercial market. Whether it is "Walking West" or "Qiao Family Courtyard", the complete rise of Shanxi merchants in Ming and Qing Dynasties is accompanied by the spirit of hard work and innovation!

In Yongzheng Dynasty, many court officials commented on Shanxi as "Shanxi always amassed wealth"!

However, times have changed. With the end of the era of world road rights and the rise of sea power trade, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong commercial gangs, as representatives of China, have completely replaced Shanxi commercial gangs. Today's Shanxi, because of territorial integration and changes in sea power trade, has changed from a border town to the mainland!

This prosperous commercial town in Ming and Qing Dynasties was replaced by coastal cities! But in fact, the fate of Shanxi is not thin, because of the existence of coal resources, Shanxi has become the "coal" capital of China!

As far as Shanxi coal is concerned, it has been recorded as early as in Shan Hai Jing, "Mengmeng Mountain is rich in jade and gold, and there are many topaz and onyx stones under it." "The mountain of the heart is full of emeralds, and there are many yellow chalk and Dornier stones below." This "Nie" is an ancient name for coal. Among them, Mengmen probably refers to the mountainous area of Jixian County in the south of Hedong coalfield today, and "the mountain of this gate" generally refers to Taihang Mountain area. In countless cold winters, this kind of "Nie's family" has warmed Shanxi people and can be used for "warm wine barbecue". In addition, it is also used for smelting iron, copper, lime, bricks and ceramics, and can also extract black alum and sulfur from coal. This also produced the custom of "flourishing fire" in Shanxi. Guangxu's "Pacify Zhou Zhi" records that "on the night of Shangyuan, every family burns charcoal, and at night, the flames are blazing, phosgene is on the horizon, and the sky is red ..."

Because of its large coal reserves and long mining time, Shanxi once again stood out in the period of China's modernization transformation.

Today, we need to repay Shanxi.

Today's China needs to be grateful for Shanxi's efforts over the years.

Especially since the 1980s and 1990s, China has implemented the strategic decision of "strengthening the east and moving to the west" in coal development, and established the strategic position of a national energy base with Shanxi as the center. Shanxi has become the most convenient coal producing area in the developed provinces with rapid economic development since the new period, and the coal market share in Shanxi once reached 80%.

According to the statistical bulletin of national economic and social development in 2020 issued by the National Bureau of Statistics, the national coal consumption in 2020 is 4.04 billion tons. Among them, the national coal output above designated size was 3.84 billion tons, and Shanxi coal output was 65.438+0.063 billion tons. Shanxi's coal production accounts for 27.68% of the national coal production, meeting 26.3% of the national coal consumption.

Without Shanxi's coal, China's industrialization and urbanization would not develop so fast. Even in the face of this rainstorm, Shanxi is still trying to undertake the coal supply task of 14 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in the fourth quarter. Shanxi will give full play to the mission of being a major coal-producing province, strive to increase coal production, dynamically stabilize coal prices, ensure national energy security, and support the economic construction of brother provinces.

This makes people respect Shanxi people. It contributed to others, but left the problem to itself. In other words, over the years, Shanxi has become coal and lost coal!

Due to the failure to transform from the coal industry as soon as possible, many cities are cursed by resources, and the sky is as dusty as Linfen smog everywhere.

This also allowed Shanxi to squeeze out the private economy, create vitality, and put an end to the once brilliant light industry. Now the coal industry, which is too big to fail, has become a heavy burden of transformation.

This rainstorm also shows us the consequences of Shanxi's over-exploitation of coal mines in recent years, that is, the natural ecology completely "collapsed" in this rainstorm. According to the exposure of the news media, there are only two solitary pillows left in Changyuanhe Bridge, and the losses caused by the collapse of countless plots are countless!

The appearance of Jia and his films made people see another Shanxi, such as Xiaowu, Platform, Ren Xiaoyao, Hometown of Mountains and Rivers, a closed and chaotic small county town, antique towers and desolate land, Shanxi dialect with a strong nasal voice, and trucks pulling black coal and loess on the road ... The tone of Shanxi depicted in the lens is gray, with characters.

But at the same time, some coal bosses who made a fortune overnight also attracted others' attention with exaggerated behavior! Let us have mixed feelings about Shanxi!

But in any case, we need to thank Shanxi today, not only because of Shanxi people's spiritual inspiration and contribution to business, but also because it has selflessly supported the modernization of China! Warmed the whole of China!

The people of the whole country owe the people of Shanxi an' sorry'! ",maybe hot search and warmth will be late, but not less than! This is a tradition in China.

Although the stubbornness of Taoism is the reason behind Shanxi's help for foreign materials, as this passage says, "Shanxi is really good." Every time I get up by myself, I look down at the scars, say "Come on", and then push my own small coal car up ",but China has always been a whole, beaten by the enemy, and it is a unity that has been tested by previous disasters!

China people will never forget our loved ones, because of unity and neatness, we are called the Chinese nation!

In the face of catastrophe, the people of China have never seen the scene of catastrophe flying alone. Nobody asked, gold is not a tradition in China. What China needs is always "Golden Jin Shanmei"!