What are the cultural history of the United States?

The official name of the United States is United States of America.

The United States of America in North America. The territory includes 48 contiguous states in the mid-latitude region of the American continent, Alaska in the northwest of North America and Hawaii, an island country in the central Pacific Ocean. Area: 9529063 square kilometers (including the Great Lakes). Population: about 286,067,000 (2001). Capital: Washington, D.C. The population includes whites, African Americans, Spaniards, Asians, Pacific islanders, American Indians (Indians), Eskimos and Aleutians. Language: English (main language), Spanish. Religion: Protestantism, Catholicism, Judaism and Islam. Currency: USD. The terrain consists of mountains, plains, lowlands and deserts. Mountains include Appalachia, Ozark, Rocky, Cascade and Sierra Nevada. The lowest point is Death Valley in California. The highest points are Mount McKinley in alaska range and Mount Whitney in the United States. The main rivers are Mississippi, Colorado, Columbia and Rio Grande. The Great Lakes, the Great Salt Lake and Lake Okichoby are the largest lakes. The United States is a major producer of some minerals in the world, including copper, silver, zinc, gold, coal, oil and natural gas; It is also a major food exporter. Manufacturing industry includes steel products, chemicals, electronic products and textiles. Other important industries are tourism, dairy products, animal husbandry, fishing and wood processing. The United States is a bicameral republic. The president is the head of state and government. Thousands of years ago, some American Indians settled in this land. They may come from Asia. /kloc-Europeans came here to explore and settle down in the 0 th and 6 th centuries and began to replace Indians. The first European permanent residential area was St. Augustine, which was established by the Spanish in Florida in 1565. Later, the British settled in Jamestown, Virginia (1607), Plymouth, Massachusetts (1620), Maryland (1634) and Pennsylvania (16865438). A year after Carolina was awarded the British peerage, the British took new york, New Jersey and Delaware from the Dutch in 1664. The British defeated the French in 1763 (see [French-Indian War]) and politically controlled 13 colonies. The political turmoil caused by British colonial policy ended in the American War of Independence (1775 ~ 1783) and the Declaration of Independence (1776). The United States was organized for the first time under the Confederate Ordinance (178 1), and finally became a federal republic through the Constitution (1787). Subsequently, the American border from the west to the Mississippi River was confirmed, but it did not include Florida, the dependency of Spain. Through the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the land purchased by the United States from the French almost doubled the territory of the United States. The United States went to war with Britain in 18 12 and seized Florida from the Spanish in 18 19. 1830, American Indians were moved to the land west of the Mississippi River by legislative means. /kloc-began to expand westward in the middle of the 0/9th century, especially after the discovery of gold in California in 1848 (see "Gold Rush"). The victory of the United States in the Mexican War (1846 ~ 1848) incorporated part or all of the following seven states (including California and Texas) into the United States. 1846, the United States signed a treaty with Britain to establish its northwest border. 1853, gadsden acquired land in southern Arizona. Later, the conflict between the slave plantation economy in the south and the free industrial and agricultural economy in the north split the United States, and the civil war broke out (186 1 ~ 1865, see [American Civil War]). Article 13 the constitutional amendment abolished slavery. After the reconstruction period (1865 ~ 1877), the United States experienced rapid development, urbanization, industrial development and European immigration. 1877, the United States allowed Indian reservations to be allocated to individual tribal members, resulting in a large area of land falling into the hands of whites. By the end of 19, American foreign trade had developed and acquired overseas territories, including Alaska, midway, Hawaiian Islands, Philippine Islands, Puerto Rico, Guam, wake island, American Samoa, Panama Canal Zone and Virgin Islands. 1917 ~1918 The United States participated in the First World War. 1920 giving women the right to vote; 1924 granted citizenship to American Indians. The stock market crash of 1929 led to the Great Depression. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor (1941-12-07), the United States entered the Second World War. The United States dropped the first atomic bomb in Hiroshima, Japan (1945-08-06) and the second atomic bomb in Nagasaki (1945-08-09), which led to the end of this war and made the United States a leader in the western world. The United States participated in the post-war reconstruction of Europe and Japan, but fell into a cold war confrontation with the Soviet Union for 40 years. The United States participated in the Korean War. 1952 grant Puerto Rico autonomy. 1954 claims that racial segregation in American schools violates the US Constitution. 1959 Alaska and Hawaii became two states in the United States. 1964, the National Assembly passed the Civil Rights Act, authorizing full involvement in the Vietnam War. In the middle and late 1960s, riots broke out all over the United States, including racial riots and anti-war demonstrations. 1969 the United States completed the first human landing on the moon. All American troops leave Vietnam. In the Persian Gulf War (199 1), the United States led the allied forces to attack Iraq. 1992 send troops to Somalia to help the hungry. 1995 and 1999 joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and carried out air strikes against Serbian troops in the former Yugoslavia. 1998 w.j. President Clinton became the second president to be impeached by the US House of Representatives; He was acquitted by the Senate. 1999 Panama canal management was transferred to Panama. In 2000, George H.W. Bush became the first person to be elected president by the presidential electoral college, although his votes were slightly lower than his opponent A. Gore from 1888. 2001September 1 1 After the terrorist attacks destroyed some buildings of the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, the United States sent troops to attack the Taliban government in Afghanistan on the grounds of hiding and refusing to extradite the suspects who were the mastermind of this terrorist activity.

lost generation

A group of American writers, who matured during the First World War and became famous in the 1920s. More broadly, it refers to a whole generation of Americans who came of age after the First World War. The name comes from a sentence Stein said to Hemingway. These writers think they are "lost" because the values they inherited are no longer suitable for the post-war world. They feel spiritually alienated from this country and think that this country has become extremely narrow and indifferent. The lost generation includes Hemingway, Fitzgerald, Dos pazos, Cummings, mcleish and Klein.

Baby boomers, baby boomers.

A generation born between 1946 and 1964 in the United States. The hardship and instability of life during the Great Depression and World War II led many unmarried men and women to postpone marriage and many married men and women to postpone childbirth. The postwar period coincided with sustained economic prosperity (1950s to early 1960s), which led to a large increase in population. The rapid increase of the population of the baby boomers (76 million) has had a great impact on society: when these people were young, the youth culture they established occupied the main stage; As adults, their consumption patterns dominate the market; When they begin to retire, it can be expected that their needs will put pressure on public resources.

American Civil War

Also known as civil war or interstate war.

The war between the federal government of the United States and the south 1 1 states that declared secession. The cause of this war lies in the disputes between the two sides on slavery, trade, tariffs, state rights and other issues. 19 In the forties and fifties, the northern states opposed slavery in the western region, which led the southern states to fear that the rights and interests of slaves were threatened. Slavery was the economic basis for maintaining their huge cotton plantations. By the 1950s of 19, abolitionism was growing in the north. When Lincoln, the candidate of the anti-slavery party, was elected president in 1860, the southern States. They formed the Confederacy headed by Jefferson Davis, and the northern states were led by Lincoln. 186 12 On April 12, Confederate troops opened fire on Fort Sumter, and the war began in Charlestown, South Carolina. Both sides quickly recruited troops. 186 1 In July, about 30,000 union troops advanced to Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederacy, but were intercepted by the Confederacy troops in the Battle of Burlang and forced to retreat to Washington. The defeat shocked the north and recruited 500 thousand troops again. 1862 In February, the first important battle started, and the federal troops led by Grant occupied the Confederate fortress in southwest Tennessee. Union troops delivered good news in Cerro and New Orleans. In the war zone on the Eastern Front, General Li also won several battles for the Confederacy: the Seven-Day Battle and the Battle of Fort fredericks after the Confederacy's defeat in Antietam (162.338+02). After the Confederate army won the Battle of Chancellesville, General Lee marched north and met the Union army led by Meade at the Battle of Gettysburg. The turning point of the war occurred in the western theater1July, 863. Grant's success in the Battle of Vicksburg made the entire Mississippi River basin fall into the hands of the Union Army. After defeating the Union Army at the Battle of Chickmoga, Grant's power was by going up one flight of stairs. 1in March, 864, Grant was appointed as the supreme commander of the Union Army by Lincoln. Grant began to implement the consumption strategy. Ignoring the heavy casualties of the Union Army in the Battle of Mangyuan and the Battle of Gunnar County in Selway, Spotter began to surround Lee's army in Petersburg, Virginia (see the Battle of Petersburg). At the same time, after Sherman occupied Atlanta in September (see [Battle of Atlanta]), he began a destructive March through Georgia and soon occupied Seoana. 1865 On April 3rd, Grant occupied Richmond, and on April 9th, he accepted Lee's surrender in Abo Mattox County. On April 26th, Sherman accepted Johnston's surrender, thus ending the war. The number of casualties is quite heavy, with about 620,000 deaths among a total of 2.4 million soldiers. The south was badly damaged. But the north remained the same, and slavery was abolished.