The origin of Miao surname

Miao's surname ranked 53rd in the Song Dynasty, and the 20 13 version ranked 146 according to population. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a Duke of Chu, a descendant of Huang Wenbin. It is distributed all over the country, with relatively large provinces such as Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Hebei, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Guangxi and Hunan. , accounting for about 0.07% of the national population, about 165438+ 10,000 people.

Origin one

Originated from Mi surname, a branch of Mi surname, namely Chu surname. The most direct surname is Shi Zu, the fief of Dou Benhuang, the son of Chu doctor Barber (Dou Yuejiao), and belongs to the surname of Fengju. According to Tongzhi's Brief in Yuanhe's Custom Pass, in the Spring and Autumn Period, in the 26th year of Duke Xiang of Lu (547 BC), if there was rebellion in the State of Chu, the grandson of Chu Ruoyu and Dr. Chu punished him, and his son went to Jin and ate in Miao (the old city is now in the west of Jiyuan, Henan). In the war between Jin and Chu, Barber's son Huang Wenbin gave Jin the skills to win the war. Later generations have stories about Chu's talent for gold:

At the beginning, Wu Chu played Chao You, the son of Cai Taishi, and Wu Ju, the son, was friendly with phonons. Wu Ju married Prince Mou, who died for Jin Xiangong. The Chu people said that Wu Ju gave it to him. Wu Ju rushes to Zheng and will rush to Jin. Phonons, like gold, meet in the suburbs of Zheng, eat in the class, but go back to the past. Voice: Zihang also! I will have my son again.

Song made Jin and Chu equal, and phonons spread to Jin. Another example is Chu. He asked Yin to talk and asked him what was the reason for his promotion. He said, Who is a saint, doctor Jin or Chu? Right: Although Jin Qing is not as good as Chu, his doctor is wise and talented. Such as medlar, catalpa and leather, from Chu to also. Although Chu is talented, Jin is practical.

Miao, an ancient country of Shang and Zhou Dynasties, died in the early years of Western Zhou Dynasty and became Zhouyi.

Among the descendants of Huang Wenbin, the Miao family was named after the feudal city of their ancestors, and Huang Wenbin and his father were honored as ancestors. This is also the main source of the Miao population of the Han nationality. Barber of Chu and his descendants settled in Miao Ting, Jiyuan, Henan Province. What is the surname of this descendant of Dr. Chu? Miao? .

In Jiyuan, Henan Province, it was recorded at that time that the soil was fertile and suitable for farming. Some couplets said that the grass grew long and the fields were fertile and prosperous, describing the geographical environment at that time.

Liu Yuan 2

Originated from Mi surname, from Miao father, an ancient imperial doctor, belonging to the name of the ancestor.

Because Miao's father doesn't use four diagnoses to diagnose diseases like later doctors, but uses eight methods to treat diseases, even without any surgical treatment, and can only be regarded as a witch doctor. Now it seems that he probably used psychotherapy or psychotherapy. According to legend, he has treated many patients and achieved remarkable results. It is not too much to call him a doctor. So people in ancient times regarded him as a doctor.

Liu Yuan 3

Baekje and Koguryo, which originated from ethnic minorities and perished, were moved to central Liaoning, western Liaoning, Hebei and other places by the Tang government, and some of them changed their surnames to Miao, which was different from the local Han people. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period after the demise of the Tang Dynasty, some people of this Miao nationality went to grass for fields and changed the Miao nationality into Tian nationality, which was passed down from generation to generation.

Originated from the Mongols, from the Hui nationality, from the surname given by Zhu Yuanzhang, the ancestor of the Ming Dynasty, from the Manchu nationality, belonging to the sinicization, and changed his surname to surname.

Originated from other ethnic minorities, it belongs to Chinese culture and changed its surname to surname. Miao people are distributed in Miao, Korean, Uygur and other ethnic minorities. Most of its sources were changed to Han Miao in the policy of keeping Miao in the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and the movement of returning to the native land, which was passed down from generation to generation.

Migration and distribution of Miao surname

Miao Benhuang's Miao Yi is located in the west of Jiyuan, Henan. Now there is a place called Miao Ting, which is said to be the site of Miao Yi more than 2,600 years ago. Of course, the original birthplace of Miao surname should also be in one place. After the three tribes were divided into Jin, due to official reasons, the Miao family was registered in Shanxi and Hebei.

In the late Warring States period, Qin was militaristic, and the Central Plains was the first goal of its expansion. Jiyuan, the ancestral home of Miao nationality, is also deeply troubled by the war. Therefore, a large number of Miao surnames moved to Changzhi, Shanxi Province, or moved to Dingtao, Shandong Province. After reproduction and development, they prospered into Shangdang County and Yin Ji County.

In the Han Dynasty, Miao's surname recorded in historical books was Miao, a soldier craftsman and Miao, Wang Mang's teacher. Miao Meng (now Baofeng, Henan Province), the father city of Liu Xiu's time, Miao Zeng of Youzhou in the late Han Dynasty, and the muse of Dachangqiu, especially Miao Guang of Dongan in the Eastern Han Dynasty, claimed in his historical records that he kept the fief, that is, Miao Guang's descendants settled in Dongan, Shandong Province today.

During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, due to the fierce social turmoil, the Miao family, like other gentry in the Central Plains, went south, crossed the Yangtze River and entered Jiangdong to avoid the war. One of the Miao surnames lived in Jinhua, Zhejiang, and after reproduction, Dongyang County, the third largest county in the history of Miao surnames, was formed. Of course, from Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to Sui and Tang Dynasties, Miao surnames mainly flourished in Shangdang and Yin Ji counties. For example, the only prime minister Miao Jinqing in the history of Miao surname is Shangdang Huguan.

In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, a Miao family from Shaanxi moved to Gansu and Ningxia in order to avoid the constant war near the capital. During the Song Dynasty, the Miao surname mainly originated from the above three counties and spread widely. Especially after the royal families of Song and Zhao settled in the south of the Yangtze River, Miao people settled in southern provinces such as Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hunan and Jiangxi. It should be pointed out that Miao, who was born in Changzhi, Shanxi today, is still famous in history.

At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, the war broke out and the Miao surname was forced to migrate. According to the genealogy of Miao family in Pei County, Jiangsu Province, in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, the Miao family in Dongsishili Miaoqiao, Yongcheng County, Henan Province moved outward in seven branches: one moved to Bianjing (now Kaifeng), one moved to Xiayi, one moved to Pei County, Jiangsu Province, one moved to Shandong, one moved to Anhui and two moved to Shanxi.

In the early Ming Dynasty, the government immigrated from Shanxi to Henan and Hebei on a large scale, and Miao Zi in Xizhangbao Village, Zhangzi County, Shanxi Province moved to Dafeng Village, southwest of Wuzhi County, Henan Province. There are four youngest sons, the eldest son moved to this village in Sima, Wuzhi, and the descendants moved to Zhaobao and other places in Wenxian County. The second son moved to Qiliying, Xinxiang City, and the descendants moved to Nanzhuang, Hetou and other villages. The third son moved to Wuzhiqiao Temple, and later generations moved to Gu Ying and other places in Xingyang City. The fourth son still lives in Dafeng Village, and his descendants moved to Xiuwu, Jiaozuo and wen county. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 1 1000 descendants of Miaozishi, and there are more than 3,500 Miao surnames in Dafeng Village alone.

According to the Miao genealogy of Tang Miao Village in Xiping County, Henan Province, the ancestor Miao Gong moved from Hongdong, Shanxi Province to Tang Miao Village in Xiping County during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, and then separated from Zhang Miao Village. According to the Miao Family Tree in Yuxian County, Henan Province, in the 29th year of Ming Hongwu (1396), an old woman led her son and nephew to move to Henan, the eldest son Miao settled in Shendong Town of Yuxian County, the second son Miao settled in Jiaxian Village, the third son Miao Licheng settled in Xiangxian Village and the nephew Miao settled in Baisha Village of Yuxian County. After the mid-Qing Dynasty, with the eastward wave, Miao people from Hebei, Shandong and Henan migrated to the three northeastern provinces.

Since the reform and opening up, many Miao descendants have gone overseas to do business, study and run enterprises, and some have become local celebrities. At the same time, many Miao descendants from Southeast Asia, the United States, Canada and Taiwan Province Province have returned to the Central Plains and their hometowns to seek roots and set up factories. No matter at home or abroad, Miao descendants have made valuable contributions to the local economic and cultural construction with their intelligence.

The contemporary Miao surname has a population of about 890,000, which is the146th surname in China, accounting for about 0.07l%% of the national population. Since the Song Dynasty, the population growth rate of Miao surname has been V-shaped during the period of 1000. Henan is the largest province with Miao surname, accounting for about 32% of the national population with Miao surname. Miao surnames are mainly distributed in Henan, Shandong, Hebei, Liaoning and Shanxi, accounting for about 70% of the total number of Miao surnames. Secondly, it is distributed in Inner Mongolia, Jiangsu, Jilin, Gansu, Shaanxi and Heilongjiang. These six provinces account for 20% of the Miao population. A distribution belt of Miao surnames with Henan as the center has been formed throughout the country.

Miao surnames are distributed in Yujin, northwestern Shaanxi and Ningxia, western Gansu, northern Qinghai, western Inner Mongolia, most of Hubei, northern Anhui and Jiangsu, western and eastern Shandong, southwestern Hebei, eastern Heilongjiang, northern Heilongjiang, central Yunnan and northwestern Xinjiang. The distribution frequency of Miao surnames in the population is about 0. 16%, and it can reach 1.7% in the central area. In southern Hubei, central Anhui-Sulu, Beijing-Tianjin, northern Hebei, eastern Inner Mongolia, western Heijiliao, northern Hunan, southern Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia, central Gansu, northwestern and southern Sichuan, most of Yunnan and southwestern Guizhou, the distribution rate of Miao surnames in the population is about 0.08% ~ 0. 16%, and the coverage area of these areas accounts for about 25.3% of the total area of the country.