About the history of Xiongnu.

First of all, Hungarians themselves think that their ancestors were Huns. One of the evidences is that the Hungarian name comes first and the surname comes last, which is totally inconsistent with the traditional European surname. However, even if Hungarians are descendants of Huns, they can't be said to be descendants of Huns. First of all, most of the cultures preserved by Hungarians do not have the characteristics of oriental civilization and are very westernized. Secondly, Hungarians are very pure whites and have lost the characteristics of Huns' yellow race. They are not so much descendants of Huns as they are gradually assimilated by Europeans after their failure.

When it comes to the origin of Xiongnu, Biography of Xiongnu in Historical Records records that Xiongnu is a hybrid of adherents of Xia Dynasty and other nomadic peoples in the north (there are a large number of white people in the hybrid, but the national characteristics of Xiongnu are basically yellow people). Their ancestors were members of the Chinese nation, but later they were gradually marginalized by the Chinese nation for various reasons, and their progress was slow when other ethnic groups of the Chinese nation were greatly developed. It has gradually become a barbaric nation in the north, and the cultural gap with other ethnic groups in China is getting bigger and bigger. We ancients had a very important and lasting argument about ethnic differences, that is, the difference between China people and foreigners. They come to the conclusion that China people treat China with courtesy, while China people treat China with courtesy, which means that descent is not the most important way to distinguish China people. What really distinguishes China people is ceremony, which is a combination of lifestyle and cultural behavior. From the bloodline point of view, the Xiongnu and the Han nationality, which was mainly formed by the Chinese nation in the Han Dynasty, are actually very close, but they are completely different in culture, which is the result of historical development, both accidental and inevitable.

As for you, it is not entirely because of the age, but more because of the lack of historical materials. For example, the history of ancient Egypt is much farther than that of Xiongnu, five or six thousand years ago, but after the ancient Egyptian characters were broken, ancient Egypt became no longer mysterious. The Huns themselves have no words, and their history is mostly legends, so the real difficulty lies in this, not in the long time. Similarly, the Han people, who were closely related to the Huns in the Qin and Han Dynasties, knew our history very well because of their own writing. This has little to do with age.

I can say responsibly that Mongols are not descendants of Huns. At present, Mongolians have less than 5% genetic characteristics of Xiongnu, and only some Mongolians have them, so there are only a few hybrids, and there is no inheritance relationship at all. On the contrary, Mongolians have about 20% of the genetic makeup of China people (mainly from the Central Plains in Qin and Han Dynasties), but we are only half-blood with them and have no inheritance relationship. Let's discuss the composition of Mongols. We can't simply say who developed the Mongols. His development composition is more complicated than that of Xiongnu. It is a more effective way to study the origin of Mongols from the historical background of the northern nationalities in China, instead of simply saying that they are descendants of other ancient nationalities. The history books only generally say that it developed from Shiwei people in Xianbei, which originated in Donghu and was actually a part of Dongyi. Anyone with a little knowledge of history will know that Dongyi is an important ethnic group that constitutes the Han nationality. Huaxia and Dongyi are two ethnic groups with similar customs, which influence and learn from each other. A large part of Dongyi people merged with our Huaxia people to form the later Han nationality, but some of them moved to the northeast. Formed the so-called Donghu people. They used to be an advanced nation, but because they moved to the northeast, they changed their way of life, gradually fell behind their relatives in the Central Plains, and began to become a backward nation in the north. But it can't be said that Donghu people are the ancestors of Mongolia, because Mongolia actually has many traces of mixed blood with him. We can only say that Donghu people are one of them. In this way, the Mongols are also closely related to us.

Also, you said that those who moved west to Europe were called North Xiongnu, and those who stayed behind were called South Xiongnu. This is also wrong. When the northern Xiongnu arrived in Europe, it was not called the northern Xiongnu. It was during the Eastern Han Dynasty that he split into the Northern Xiongnu and the Southern Xiongnu. Later, Dou Xian, the consort, attacked the Northern Xiongnu and defeated the Northern Xiongnu in one fell swoop. Then most of the northern Xiongnu surrendered to the Han Dynasty, and they and the southern Xiongnu stayed in the Han Dynasty. They gradually accepted Chinese culture, and it was these Huns who later had some localization and directors. Only a few Huns moved to the Middle East, not Europe. They stayed in the Middle East for at least one hundred years before reaching Europe. When they arrived in Europe, they regained their original spirit, which brought disaster to the barbarian departments in Europe and the Roman Empire. However, Attila, the king of Xiongnu, died unexpectedly when Europe was in danger. Because the Xiongnu culture was backward and there was no corresponding inheritance system, Attila's sons attacked each other for the throne, giving Europeans a breathing space and forming an alliance.

Strictly speaking, East Lake no longer exists. Now Donghu was later divided into Xianbei and Wuhuan, and Wuhuan was finally defeated by Cao Cao, and many of them withdrew from the historical stage. Xianbei later occupied an important position in the sixteen countries of Wuhu, Northern Wei and Northern Zhou. Later, Emperor Wendi of the Sui Dynasty, the founding emperor of the Sui Dynasty, was also a Xianbei Han nationality, and the ruler of the Tang Dynasty was also a descendant of Xianbei. Tang gaozu's mother is a Xianbei dugu family. But Xianbei people gradually became a part of the Han nationality, and some of them, as you said, gradually merged with other northern nationalities, forming the later Mongolia. Mongolia can not be regarded as an orthodox Donghu system, but in fact Donghu has long since withdrawn from the historical stage. The closeness between Mongols and Xianbei people is actually very low, which is not necessarily closer than that between Han and Mongolian people. Most of what your teacher said is reliable, and some of it is a bit unreliable.