Exposing the image of Ren Jun, the three atrocities of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, was questioned.

Kangxi was the longest reigning emperor in China history. Kangxi's reign created a good situation of "prosperous times", which can be described as the perfect monarch in the eyes of the world. However, under the feudal system, such autocracy would inevitably lead to atrocities, but Kangxi, like most emperors, had imperfect rule and even caused great harm to the people.

Today, we will take stock of the three atrocities committed by Kangxi during his reign.

One of the atrocities: Ping San Francisco massacred civilians.

Ping San Francisco slaughtered civilians, not to mention the ten butchers in Yangzhou and the three butchers in Jiading, which had nothing to do with Kangxi. Only when Kangxi pacified San Francisco, the slaughter of civilians by the Qing army was quite amazing from many records. There is no need to make a long speech here, only two related historical materials are quoted.

Wang Zhi, recorded in 1989, said in "The History of Kangxi" that "the Sichuan disaster was a waste of smoke. When I was delivering food, there were scars everywhere. Self-cultivation, self-cultivation, but the province's hukou is still more than 18,000, not as good as other provinces and counties. "

When was this copy written? What was the so-called grain transportation in those days, and when did it mean? Let's continue to examine these issues in the original draft history and Wang Zhi's biography. "Wang Zhi, word, fushan, shandong province, kangxi five years, try guangdong. Through the doctor of punishments. In nineteen years, it became Wei Song Road in Sichuan. When Yunnan was levied, it was difficult to supervise the transportation of rations and capsize the ship. "

"The Hall of Supreme Harmony is a project, and the rafters in Shu are life. 964

It can be seen that after Kangxi put down the San Francisco rebellion, the so-called "grain transportation in those days" refers to the "Wei Song Road in Sichuan" in the 19th year of Kangxi. Yunnan was requisitioned, and Du Zhi shipped rations ",so this so-called mopping-up naturally refers to the Qing army's suppression of Wu Sangui's resistance and sweeping Sichuan and Yunnan during the Kangxi period.

After the leveling, "there are still only more than 18,000 registered households in the province, which is not as good as other provinces and counties." The loss of population and the death of civilians in Sichuan during this period were obviously related to the Qing army.

In fact, not only Sichuan, but also other related areas have suffered similar bad luck. For example, a large number of people in Jiangxi were slaughtered. In the eighteenth year of Kangxi, the magistrate of Liuyang said, "Since Jia Yin and Wu went to war, even Wang Shihe has been angry, and the whole army has suppressed it, and it is difficult to divide the jade into pieces. Young and old died in Feng Yuxi, and women and children are known as prisoners. The bones are everywhere and no one is there. "

Here, it is more clear that "Wang Shihe is angry, the whole army is suppressing, and jade is difficult to distinguish." There is no doubt that the Qing army has always had a tradition of killing civilians, and honest officials will not deliberately discredit the Qing army itself. No matter what the excuse, it is inappropriate for an emperor to call it benevolence if his army slaughters civilians.

The second atrocity: moving people to the sea for more than ten years

For more than ten years, it is worth mentioning that the immigration along the coastal border was strengthened during the Kangxi period, and the disastrous consequences caused by the immigration along the coastal border have been partially described.

Relevant records of the migration of coastal border people can be found in the Draft of Qing History. What exactly is the coastal boundary moving? To put it simply, it took more than 20 years to turn China from one of the countries with the longest coastline in the world into a landlocked country.

Specifically, the Manchu government designated a coastal area, set up boundary markers and even built boundary walls to force the coastal residents in this area to move. Those who dare not move will be killed without forgiveness, and those who dare to cross the border will be killed without forgiveness. In a word, let the whole coast of China, 30 to 200 miles from the sea, become a no-man's land.

At the same time, if the ruler

"In February of the first year of Kangxi, Guangdong moved coastal residents, and the Qing court sent two ministers, Ke Erkun and Jie Shan, to inspect the coast", so that the coastal people knew that they had moved to Wuli in the mainland, so that they could never help the Taiwan Province provincial capital. So the soldiers broke through the border, and within three days, they destroyed their land and emptied their people. "In the second year of Kangxi,' the Chinese Lord came to patrol the border and immigrated'." In the spring of the third year of Kangxi, Jiayin moved to Panyu, Shunde, Xinhui, Dongguan and Xiangshan coastal people. At the beginning of the establishment of the border, I thought it was near, then far, then far. Every three steps, the boundary begins to be determined. "

At that time, people described it as "I ordered my wife and children to follow this road and set it on fire without leaving any rubble." Most people will draw pottery on their pillows after they die. Anyone who can go to the mainland has no stones to eat, and hunger has long existed. "

That is, when they moved, more than half of the coastal residents died, and the rest was less than 20%. Even if they could go to the mainland, they would not be far from starvation.

Burning while moving. "Later, the army galloped, rockets burned houses, and the people's emperor was worse than an animal. The fire lasted for several months. At the same time, thousands of warships of the water army were burned and said,' There is no money to use'. "

Not only burned down the house, killed people, but also spared trees and grass. "After the relocation, a civilian worker rose up, so that officials disagreed, the house was demolished and the people were killed. This is a desolate scene. Under the command of cutting down trees, thousands of trees and countless folded pines and cypresses have been exhausted in Zhang Yu for many years. The patrol was cut green in March, leaving nothing on the ground. "

As for why we have to cut down trees, we have to kill all the pine and cypress trees. The general meaning is to prevent the use of anti-Qing restoration forces at sea.

Qu Dajun's "History of Nanming" said that the situation in Guangdong Province is "Humen in the east and Fangcheng in the west, which is more than 3,000 miles, thinking that the world is big. Those who got in the way were all killed. And people go out of the wall by mistake, and the dead don't know geometry. Since eastern Guangdong, the disaster in life has been even worse. "

Ruan Tunxi said in the History of Southern Ming Dynasty, "From Liaodong to Guangdong, people migrated, built short walls, erected boundary markers, set up military defenses, those who left the border died, and hundreds of millions of people died of unemployment and displacement."

The third atrocity: killing scholars in a literary prison

Literati's literary inquisition massacre: let's talk about the literary inquisition in Kangxi period. Objectively speaking, compared with the other two emperors of the Qing Dynasty, Yongzheng Gan Long, Kangxi created few texts, but it was not without them. Some cases are still very bad in nature.

For example, the Zhu case in the 19th year of Kangxi is worth mentioning.

Meng Sen, a historian of the Republic of China, wrote an article from 0755 to 79000, in which he said

"Literati in the Qing Dynasty often tell anecdotes in the name of Zhu, but the whole story is unknown, but they have demon eyes, such as Wang Haoxian. In the authoritarian era, they were bound by official documents, regardless of politics and religion. Freedom of thought is forbidden in learning, and people are often suffocated by great disobedience. Once killed, the preacher embellished it, printed his eyes and ears, and could not tell the truth.

For example, in the late Qing Dynasty, Liao Ping of Sichuan Jingyan and Wu Yusheng, a scholar, attended a seminar, but were caught in the French Open, which was still a kind of autocratic bondage. Zhu is innocent. At that time, Wang was involved in three major crimes: first, he preached missionary beliefs, had a law of life, and omitted emperors, ministers and civilians; Then there are many believers; Third, the invention of memory in the brain is not in the heart, thinking it is new and different. From today's point of view, the first two are religious figures, while the latter, the newly invented so-called mental function, especially the definition of physiology, is slightly regarded as a big sin, so today's books should be burned, banned and school sh.