Socio-economic survey

Although the project area is a backward area in social and economic development in China, it is a high-level area in Gansu. The project area is located in Jiuquan City, the west section of Hexi Corridor, with a population of 970,000 and a total land area of 6,543,8+0.9 million km2, with only 5 people per square kilometer. The population is mainly concentrated in oases. For example, the area of Dunhuang City is 31.2000 km2, the area of artificial oasis only accounts for 1%, and the population is 1.78 million. According to the total land area, there are less than 6 people per square kilometer, and 800 people per square kilometer according to the artificial oasis. It can be seen that in the arid areas of northwest China, oases distributed in the desert Gobi are the most important areas for people's survival and development.

I. Population and People's Life

There are three counties and cities in the project area. Yumen City was once called the oil city, Dunhuang was called the tourist city, and Anxi was the agriculture and animal husbandry county in this area. According to the statistical yearbook of Jiuquan City in 2004, the total population of the three counties (cities) is 460,000, accounting for about half of the population of Jiuquan City. The population is concentrated in Yumen City and Dunhuang City, and the population of Anxi is relatively sparse. The per capita annual income of employees in enterprises, institutions, collective ownership, joint-stock and private enterprises in the area is 14353 yuan, and the per capita annual consumption level in cities and towns is 5934 yuan. The per capita annual net income of farmers is only 4,027 yuan, and the per capita annual consumption in rural areas is only 2,575 yuan (table 1-9). As far as population distribution is concerned, Yumen and Dunhuang are areas with high urbanization level, and Anxi is a big agricultural county.

Second, the agricultural economy

The total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in the project area is 65.438+38.2 million yuan, accounting for 40% of Jiuquan City, with the highest output value in Dunhuang and the lowest in Yumen. The project area produces 72,200 tons of grain, and Yumen is a grain-producing city (table 1- 10). Dunhuang and Anxi are cotton-producing bases in this area. Three counties (cities) are also the main animal husbandry production bases in the west, with 70,200 large livestock and 792,500 sheep.

Table 1-9 Statistics of population, consumption and income in the project area

Table 1- 10 economic indicators of agriculture (forestry, animal husbandry and fishery) in the project area

Third, industrial economy.

The total industrial output value of the project area is 65.438+05.789 billion yuan, accounting for 85% of the total industrial output value of Jiuquan City. Yumen and Dunhuang have the highest industrial output value, while Anxi has the lowest (table1-1). Mining, oil and gas industry and power generation industry are its industrial pillars. Yumen raw coal production accounts for about 30% and power generation accounts for 80% of the whole region. Yumen is one of the energy bases in Hexi Corridor, and also the oil industry base in China in the early days of the founding of New China. The output of iron ore, crude salt, asbestos and edible oil in Anxi occupies a large proportion in the project area.

Table 1- 1 1 Industrial Economic Indicators of the Project Area

Four. Comprehensive socio-economic indicators

The gross national product of the project area is 6.4 billion yuan, accounting for 60% of Jiuquan City, of which Yumen has the highest output value and Anxi has the lowest output value (table 1- 12). Dunhuang has a large proportion of primary industry and tertiary industry, and Yumen has a large proportion of secondary industry. The primary industry accounts for 15% of the total output value, the secondary industry accounts for 55%, and the tertiary industry accounts for 30%. The second and third industries still have development potential. From the analysis of the tertiary industry alone, Anxi and Dunhuang are stronger in agriculture and animal husbandry services, while Dunhuang and Yumen are more developed in social services, finance and insurance, especially Dunhuang accounts for 42% of the whole region, which is closely related to the tourism income of Mogao Grottoes and Crescent Springs.

Table 1- 12 Comprehensive socio-economic indicators of the project area (unit: 100 million yuan)

Verb (abbreviation of verb) social and economic development planning

(A) the overall plan for national economic and social development

The overall goal of the future national economic and social development of Jiuquan City and the project area is to implement the major policies set by the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Central Economic Work Conference, actively explore and implement the northern resource strategy, the southern market strategy and the private main body strategy around the long-term goal set by the Outline of the Plan for Building a Well-off Society in Jiuquan City, highlight the project construction center, and vigorously promote the process of industrialization, urbanization, agricultural industrialization and tourism pillar industries; Deepen reform and open wider to the outside world; Increase employment and improve social security; Transforming functions and optimizing the environment; Strive to improve the living standards of urban and rural people and promote comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable social and economic development.

Continue to implement the strategy of "strengthening the city by industry", establish the concept of big industry, gather all kinds of production factors of enterprises in cities, rural areas, counties, cities, districts and central provinces, attract investment by relying on local superior and characteristic resources, cultivate and grow by relying on existing enterprises, and rely on the industrial support of neighboring enterprises to introduce foreign enterprises to drive them to become stronger. Five enterprises with annual sales revenue exceeding 100 million yuan were newly cultivated, and the investment in industrial projects reached 654.38+0 billion yuan in that year.

Further optimize the rural economic structure, develop the secondary and tertiary industries with township enterprises as the main body, and the proportion of the secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas will reach more than 50%, focusing on the grass, livestock and milk industry, and the income from animal husbandry will account for more than 12% of farmers' income.

Open the tourism market, support the development of space tourism products in Dunhuang, Tian Fei and Jiuquan, promote the all-round development of the tertiary industry with tourism, and strive to receive more than 6.5438+million tourists annually.

In accordance with the requirements of sustainable development, we will intensify environmental protection and resource conservation, and focus on the construction of nature reserves such as Yulin Cave, Suoyangcheng Site, Annanba, Yanchiwan and Wanyao. There were 64 sandstorms in the control area, 6 million mu of grazing land was returned to grassland, 6.5438+0.000 mu of forest was closed, 6.5438+0.3 million mu of farmland was returned to forest, and 6.5438+0.3 million mu of forest was closed.

(2) Water and soil resources development planning

"Shule River Agricultural Irrigation and Immigrant Comprehensive Development Project" is a large-scale agricultural development project implemented from 1996. It aims to tap the rich potential of water and soil resources in this area, build water conservancy projects, resettle immigrants and improve the ecological, economic and social environment of the project area. The project area includes Changma Irrigation District, Shuangta Irrigation District and Huahai Irrigation District in Anxi County and Yumen City. The original design of the project is to reclaim 810.9 million mu of wasteland, with 200,000 immigrants and a total irrigation area of10.473 million mu. Later, considering that 75% of the new reclamation needs salt washing and drainage, it is difficult to improve, and it has a certain impact on the water quality of Shuangta Reservoir in the downstream, the original design was adjusted to reduce the scale of reclamation immigrants. The original design needs to be further demonstrated and implemented as a long-term planning of the basin. By then, the rational allocation of water resources and ecological environment protection will still be the focus of the demonstration.

After the mid-term adjustment, 408,200 mu of cultivated land was added and 75,000 people were resettled, including 227,700 mu in Changma and 47,500 in the Twin Towers and Huahai respectively. 106900 mu, 13850 people; 73,600 mu, 1.365 million people. After the completion of the project, the total irrigation area of the three irrigation areas reached 6.5438+0.622 million mu, including 6.392 million mu in Changma Irrigation Area, 2.924 million mu in Shuangta Irrigation Area and 6.5438+0.306 million mu in Huahai Irrigation Area. Through the construction of Changma Reservoir, reconstruction and expansion of canal system, shaft sinking and other engineering measures, the project is jointly operated with Youshi Shuangta Reservoir and Chijinxia Reservoir to improve the utilization rate of surface water and promote the harmonious development of economy, society and environment in the project area. By the end of 2003, major water conservancy projects such as Changma Reservoir have been basically completed, and the utilization rate of surface water will increase from 49% before the implementation of the project to 65.7% in the later period of resettlement.

The water conservancy facilities in Danghe irrigation area are relatively perfect, and the cited surface water resources are close to the largest, so the development potential of water and soil resources is not great. At present, the water conservancy department has begun to demonstrate and do preliminary work for the "Haki Dang Water Diversion Project", and plans to transfer part of the water from Hateng River to Dang River to solve the water shortage and environmental problems in Dunhuang Oasis. If the project is implemented, the utilization pattern of water and soil resources in Dunhuang Oasis will also change obviously.