Take stock of the classic Shanghai dialect encyclopedia

Language is not only a tool for people to express their thoughts, feelings and communication, but also a carrier of culture and information of an era. The diversity of China culture has created the profoundness of China culture. As a part of Shanghai culture, Shanghai dialect also provides an indispensable factor for the diversity and richness of Shanghai culture. Let's learn about Shanghai dialect in Shanghai culture.

Shanghai dialect, also known as Shanghai gossip and Shanghai dialect, is an important foundation of Shanghai local culture. Shanghai dialect is also an important representative of Wu dialect, which can basically communicate with other dialects in Taihu area of Wu dialect.

Shanghai dialect in a narrow sense refers to Shanghai urban dialect, which is widely used now and is recognized as the mainstream common dialect in Shanghai. Shanghai dialect is a new urban Wu dialect, which is based on the local Wu dialect and naturally blended with immigrant dialects from Wu-speaking areas around the world after Shanghai opened its port.

Shanghai dialect in a broad sense also includes Shanghai local (suburban) dialects, mainly including Pudong dialect, Songjiang dialect, Jiading dialect, Chongming dialect, Jinshan dialect, Qingpu dialect and Fengxian dialect. Shanghai was originally composed of Jiangdong 1 1 county, and the dialect reflected the cultural information of Jiangdong.

Shanghai dialect is a dialect formed in the long history of Shanghai, which brings together the essence of wuyue Jiangnan language and culture and has profound cultural accumulation. Shanghai dialect bears the echo of Shanghai's times, cultural blood and historical memory. Shanghai should inherit the essence of Shanghai's language and culture if it is to become a pearl of oriental culture with individual characteristics.

Shanghai used to belong to Songjiang prefecture and was once under the jurisdiction of Jiaxing, and its language was mainly Jiaxing dialect. After the establishment of Songjiang prefecture, Songjiang dialect developed independently on the basis of Jiaxing dialect, forming Songjiang dialect, which is relatively backward in Wu dialect. According to the Records of Songjiang Prefecture, in the Ming Dynasty, "Shanghai is the most important thing for Fucheng", and in the Qing Dynasty, "Shanghai is the most important thing for Fucheng". Suzhou dialect is one of the important representative sources of Wu dialect in the phonetic composition of Shanghai dialect. The pronunciation, vocabulary and grammatical structure of Shanghai dialect can be easily understood by other Wu speakers. Ningbo dialect of Wu dialect, which is dominant among modern immigrants, has a far-reaching influence on Shanghai dialect.

Shanghai dialect is a dialect formed in the long history of Shanghai and has a profound cultural accumulation. Shanghai was originally located in the undeveloped beach of Wu dialect. Before the opening, Shanghai dialect was a relatively backward language in Wu dialect. Up to now, more ancient phonetics, vocabulary and grammar phenomena and the cultural information of ancient Jiangdong reflected by Shanghai dialect have been preserved than other places, and even the cultural relics of Baiyue nationality who once lived in this land in history have been preserved.

After the opening of Shanghai, it developed rapidly in 160 years and became an international metropolis, with a mixture of five parties and the intersection of China and the West. Shanghai dialect has made great progress in the advantages of language hybridization after its opening to the outside world. It has gathered all kinds of fine words, idioms and proverbs from agricultural society, industrial society and especially commercial society, and all kinds of words have developed vividly.

For example, developed business activities have led to a large number of business words such as "stealing", "selling", "locking up" and "pushing and pulling goods" entering Shanghai's daily life; Because of active thinking, a large number of idioms have appeared, such as showing off, closing bones, poking at the wall, scouring paste, seven meats and eight vegetarian dishes, etc. All of them are full of the whimsy of Shanghai culture, making Shanghai dialect a very culturally expressive dialect. Fully tapping the rich treasure of Shanghainese dialect can vividly show the details of Shanghainese life, folk culture and social changes.

Shanghai culture is also a culture that dares to innovate in the blending of Chinese and western cultures. At that time, when Shanghainese saw the endless stream of new things, they coined a new term in Shanghainese. A large number of new words such as tap water, light bulb, road, villa, bookstore, newspaper office, sofa, course, motor, microphone, rip-off, pediatrics and so on reflect the gradual progress of modern civilization in Shanghai. Most of these words were later absorbed by Mandarin.