The causes, impact, significance and inspiration of the Industrial Revolution

Reasons:

1. In the 18th century, British factory handicraft production could no longer meet the needs of the market.

2. The establishment of bourgeois rule in Britain laid the foundation for the rapid development of British capitalism.

3. On the one hand, the British bourgeois rule actively developed overseas trade, carried out colonial rule, accumulated abundant capital, and expanded vast overseas markets and the cheapest raw material origins.

4. The further promotion of the "enclosure movement" has resulted in the acquisition of a large amount of cheap labor, a booming handicraft industry, accumulation of rich production technical knowledge, and increased output, but it is still unable to meet the needs of the expanding market. , thus, a revolution in the means of production is about to take place.

Impact:

1. Increased productivity and consolidated the dominance of capitalist countries. As the power of the bourgeoisie grows, they hope to further strengthen their economic and political status.

2. Demand further lifting of feudal oppression and implementation of free business, free competition and free trade.

3. The form of production organization has changed, and the machine-based factory system has replaced manual workshops.

4. It causes changes in the social structure, the emergence of the industrial bourgeoisie and the industrial proletariat, and triggers new social problems.

Significance:

1. The Industrial Revolution greatly improved productivity and consolidated the rule of capitalist countries.

2. The Industrial Revolution caused major changes in the social structure, which increasingly split society into two opposing classes - the industrial bourgeoisie and the proletariat.

3. The Industrial Revolution also promoted the rise of modern cities.

4. The Industrial Revolution greatly shortened the connections between all parts of the world, changed the face of the world, and finally established the rule of the bourgeoisie over the world.

5. Britain, which took the lead in completing the Industrial Revolution, soon became the world's hegemon, enslaving local people, exacerbating local poverty and backwardness, and making the East subordinate to the West

6. At the same time, they It also objectively spreads advanced production technology and production methods, violently impacting old ideas and old systems.

Enlightenment:

To develop the economy, we must improve people's living standards and promote social harmony and prosperity; in the process of economic development, we must pay attention to the protection of the natural environment.

Extended information

Major inventions of the Industrial Revolution:

1. Flying shuttle.

The shuttle is actually a shuttle with a small wheel installed in the chute. Spring is installed at both ends of the chute, so that the shuttle can travel back and forth extremely quickly. So the invention of the flying shuttle made weaving faster. It greatly improves weaving efficiency.

The flying shuttle was invented by clockmaker John Kay in 1733, which greatly improved the efficiency of weaving and stimulated the demand for cotton yarn.

2. Jenny machine.

In the mid-18th century, more and more goods from the British Empire were sold overseas, and the production technology of manual workshops was insufficiently supplied. In order to increase production, people try to improve production technology. In the cotton textile sector, people first invented a weaving tool called a flying shuttle, which greatly accelerated the speed of weaving and stimulated the demand for cotton yarn.

In the 1860s, weaver James Hargreaves invented the "Spinning Jenny" hand-spinning machine. The "Jenny machine" can spin many cotton threads at one time, greatly improving productivity.

3. Steam locomotive.

A train locomotive that uses a steam engine to convert the chemical energy of fuel (usually coal) into thermal energy and then into mechanical energy to make the locomotive run. In 1814, Englishman George Stephenson invented the first steam locomotive. Since then, mankind has accelerated its pace into the industrial age. Steam locomotives have become an important symbol and key tool for cultural and social progress in this era.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Industrial Revolution (transitional stage of capitalist industrialization)