Definition of water conservancy project

Question 1: Definition of hydraulic engineering. The following is a description of part 02 of the Ministry:

major project

Refers to large-scale independent buildings such as water conservancy hub buildings (including water source projects in water diversion projects). Including water retaining engineering, flood discharge engineering, water diversion engineering, power station engineering, booster substation engineering, shipping engineering, fishway engineering, traffic engineering, housing construction engineering and other construction projects. Among them, the first seven projects, such as water retaining project, are the main construction projects.

1. Water retaining works. Including all kinds of dam (gate) projects for water retaining.

2. Flood discharge works. Including spillway, spillway tunnel, sand washing hole (hole), venting and other projects.

3. Water diversion project. Including power generation diversion channels, diversion tunnels, surge shafts, high-pressure pipelines and other projects.

4. Power plant project. Including ground and underground power plant projects.

5. Step-up substation project. Including booster substation, switching station and other projects.

6. Ship engineering. Including upstream and downstream approach channels, ship locks, ship lifts and other projects.

7. fishway project. According to the layout of the hub building, items can be listed separately. Combined with the barrage, it can also be used as a part of the barrage project.

8. Traffic engineering. Including permanent roads, bridges and culverts, railways, docks and other traffic projects. Inside and outside the dam, inside and outside the factory.

9. Building construction. Including permanent auxiliary production buildings, warehouses, office buildings, living and cultural welfare buildings and outdoor projects that serve production and operation.

10. Other construction projects. Including internal and external observation projects, power lines (factory dam area), lighting lines, communication lines, public facilities projects such as water supply, heating and drainage in factory dam area and living area, environmental construction projects in factory dam area, automatic hydrological forecasting projects and others.

Question 2: What does ridge mean in hydraulic engineering? Tooth cutting is to set the bucket nose at the bottom of the overflow dam into a tooth shape, so that the water flows irregularly into the air, which is convenient for energy dissipation! 、

I hope my answer is helpful to you!

Question 3: What is the water conservancy project for? Water conservancy projects involve a wide range, mainly including:

1. Reservoir project: including dam, spillway, water intake facilities, drainage facilities and management facilities;

2. Hydropower projects: including water diversion projects (power generation tunnels, water diversion channels), power stations, water turbines, generators, power transmission and transformation systems and control systems;

3. Flood control dike project;

4. Sluice works;

5. Irrigation projects;

For these services are hydrology, address, materials, automation and other disciplines.

Question 4: What does water conservancy project construction mean? Water conservancy projects include flood control, drainage, water supply, irrigation, tide blocking, waterlogging elimination, water supply and other projects. The main types of water conservancy projects are dams, dikes, sluices, pumping stations, hydropower stations, shiplocks, culverts, reservoirs, flood storage and detention areas, karez, water cellars, wells, channels and tunnels.

Water conservancy project construction refers to the above-mentioned activities such as new construction, reconstruction, expansion and reinforcement of various water conservancy projects.

Water conservancy projects are generally divided into two categories: capital construction projects and farmland water conservancy projects.

Question 5: What is a major water conservancy project? On the one hand, the capital investment is relatively large and the construction period is relatively long; On the other hand, projects that have great influence on politics, economy and society in a certain area can be counted as major projects.

Question 6: What are water-related social projects, such as building dams and reservoirs?

Question 7: What industry does water conservancy project belong to? Accounting in the traditional sense mainly refers to the after-the-fact accounting of the economic activities that have occurred or been completed by the accounting subject, that is, the general term for bookkeeping, accounting and reimbursement in accounting work. There are many accounting subjects in every industry. The main accounting subjects of hydropower industry are: assets.

cash

bank deposit

other monetary funds

temporary investment

notes receivable

receivables

bad-debt provision

advance payment

receivable other

material purchase

raw material

Entrusted processing materials

deferred charges

fixed assets

accumulated depreciation

Liquidation of fixed assets

construction in progress

invisible assets

Profit and loss of pending property

(2) Liabilities

short-term loan

accounts payable

Deposits received

accounts payable-others

Wages payable

Benefits payable

Taxable

profit payable

accounts payable-others

accrued expenses

money borrowed for long term

Corporate bonds payable

long-term payables

Deferred tax

(3) Owner's equity category

paid up capital

Contributed surplus

Excess function

distribution of profits

(4) Cost category

cost of production

production cost

production marketing

cost of goods sold or cost of selling

Product sales expenses

Product sales tax and surcharge

other operating income

Other operating expenses

Management cost

financial expenses

yield

Non-operating income

Non-operational expenditure

income tax

Previous annual profit and loss adjustment

Investment in water conservancy and hydropower projects is more complicated!

As follows: fixed assets: 1. Construction project cost: mainly construction project cost, traffic construction project cost, housing construction process cost and other construction process costs.

2。 Mechanical and electrical equipment and installation engineering costs: divided into main business and others.

3。 Metal structure equipment and installation engineering costs: mainly other.

4。 Temporary engineering expenses: temporary engineering expenses such as construction diversion, construction traffic, housing construction and power supply lines.

5。 Compensation fees for construction land occupation and reservoir inundation treatment: rural migrants' relocation fees, urban enterprises' relocation fees, professional engineering restoration and reconstruction fees, reservoir bottom cleaning fees, environmental remediation fees and protection engineering fees.

6。 Other expenses: scientific research fees, survey and design fees, production preparation fees, construction management fees and other expenses.

7。 Reserve fund: it is divided into basic reserve fund and price difference reserve fund.

Second, current assets

Third, the loan interest during the construction period and the initial operation period.

Question 8: What is a water conservancy project? Water conservancy projects are disaster prevention projects using water, including irrigation, flood control, drainage, flood storage and shipping. Among the four cradles of ancient civilizations, ancient Egyptian civilization was born in the Nile, Babylonian civilization was born in the Euphrates and Tigris rivers, Chinese civilization was born in the Yangtze River basin, and ancient Indian civilization was born in the Ganges River basin. It can be said that abundant hydraulic resources not only gave birth to the initial agriculture of mankind, but also gave birth to world civilization. Water conservancy is the lifeblood of agriculture, and the history of human agriculture can also be said to be the history of developing farmland water conservancy and overcoming drought and flood disasters.

As early as 7000 years ago, the ancient Egyptians began to irrigate farmland artificially. Later, people dug ditches to bring Nile water to irrigate farmland. At that time, there was a waterway with a length of 19 km connecting the Nile and Lake Morris, so that Lake Morris could store the seasonal flood of the Nile like a reservoir. This is the earliest irrigation project of mankind.

Cuba's prosperity is also mainly due to artificial irrigation and grain harvest. Up to now, there is a large ancient Babylonian canal site in Iraq with a width of120m and a depth of10m, which is several kilometers long. From 700 BC to 250 BC, Babylonians, Assyrians and Persians in West Asia have built many water conservancy projects, built dams and dug canals for flood control and irrigation.

Around 2000 BC in China, Yu Xia had already dug irrigation and drainage channels when he was in charge of water control. By the Zhou Dynasty, according to the well-field system at that time, irrigation and drainage canals had become quite common. At the beginning of the Warring States Period around 450 BC, Ximen Bao, the capital of Wei State, presided over the construction of the earliest large-scale canal system water conservancy project in China-Zhangshui 12 Canal. Because Zhangshui is rich in sediment and organic and inorganic nutrients, the construction of this project not only develops irrigation, but also improves soil and fertility. In 256 BC, Li Bing, Shu Han of Qin presided over the construction of Dujiangyan, a world-famous large-scale water conservancy project in guanxian, western Sichuan, which not only irrigated more than 20,000 hectares of farmland, but also benefited from flood control and navigation. In 246 BC, Zheng Guo, a water conservancy expert, built the Zheng Guoqu in Guanzhong Plain. In a sense, the total length of the main canal is150km, and the irrigated area is said to be more than 260,000 hectares. Around 6 10, the sui dynasty also dug a grand canal with a length of more than 2,000 kilometers, which was beneficial to both shipping and irrigation. Its scale is the largest in ancient water conservancy projects in the world.

During the Western Han Dynasty in China or earlier, ethnic minorities in the arid area of Valu, Xinjiang invented a unique water conservancy project-Karejing. It is a kind of water conservancy facility, which pumps snow water seeping into the ground through underground channels for irrigation. The longest length can reach 20-30 kilometers, which can effectively prevent the evaporation of water during water transportation. At the beginning of the 7th century, Persians also built similar underground waterways.

The Three Gorges Water Control Project, which started construction in China on 1992, has the functions of flood control, shipping, power generation and South-to-North water transfer, and is the largest water control project in the world so far.

Today, there are nearly 200 million hectares of artificially irrigated land in the world, and hundreds of millions of hectares of land are protected from floods because of water conservancy projects. In southern Africa, Egypt, Israel and other parts of the Middle East, artificial irrigation has turned once arid deserts and Gobi into lush orchards.