Complete information of Corinth (Greek place name)

Corinth is located in the northeast of Peloponnesus, near Corinth Bay. It is the connection point between Greece and Peloponnesus. At the same time, it is also the main waterway to the Ionian Sea through Saronicos and Corinthian Bay. It is not only an important trade and transportation place, but also a strategic place. There are old Corinth and new Corinth. Old Corinth mainly refers to an ancient Greek city-state in the period of Greece and Rome, which is located about 8 kilometers inland of Corinth today. New Corinth refers to the present city of Corinth.

Chinese name: mbth, Corinth Area: 265,438+10,000 square meters Population: 38,000 Climate conditions: The best season for playing in subtropical monsoon climate: May to September, and the suggested playing time: 2 to 3 hours. Admission price: attractions and museums: adults/discounts? Must read before 6/3 trip, introduction of scenic spots, key information, how to get there, beautiful pictures of scenic spots, historical evolution, general situation, prehistoric period, classical period, Roman period, Byzantine period, achaean Principality, Ottoman rule, development status, general situation, population composition, transportation, industrial trade, general situation of historical evolution, and ancient Greeks settled in Corinth and Coe from 3000 BC to 2000 BC. The city of Corinth existed during the Mycenae civilization (about 65438+the first half of the 6th century ~ 65438+the 2nd century). BC 1000 was conquered by Dorians. From the 8th century BC to the 6th century BC, Corinth had not only developed agriculture, but also prosperous entrepot trade. Corinth's pottery is very famous, and shipbuilding and navigation have also made great progress. At that time, Corinth almost monopolized the trade with the west, and all the exports of pottery, olive oil, wine and metal utensils had to go through Corinth. Corinth successively established many colonies. From the 8th century BC to the middle of the 7th century BC, Bashi Ades family held the city-state power and practiced aristocratic oligarchy. Heep Selous (reigned 657-627 BC) overthrew the Bashi Addis family and established a tyrant rule. During the reign of his son Perry Andel (about 627-586 BC), Corinth was prosperous. In about 58 1 BC, the tyrant regime was overthrown and replaced by an aristocratic regime with a few rich people in power. In the late 6th century BC, Collins joined the Peloponnesian League. In the early stage of Sino-Polish War, Collins took an active part in Wenquanguan Campaign, Platia Campaign, Salamis Campaign and Micale Campaign. From 395 BC to 387 BC, Corinth allied with Argos, Thebes, Athens and other city-states, and fought the Corinthian War with Sparta with the support of Persia. After 338 BC, it basically belonged to Macedonia. In BC 196, Rome defeated Macedonia and declared Corinth "independent". In BC 146, Corinth was destroyed by Rome, a large number of residents became slaves, and the city was completely destroyed. In 46 BC, G.J. Caesar rebuilt Corinth and became the center of Achaia province under Roman rule. Corinth has a long history, and people lived here as early as the Neolithic Age. There may have been a palace here in the Bronze Age. Collins appeared in Greek mythology many times: Sisyphus founded the sports meeting here, Jason abandoned his wife Mitija here, and so on. As long as ancient ships passed through the isthmus of Corinth, they had to be dragged from one side of the isthmus to the other on land, so Corinth was located on the main road of communication in Greece. Is the most powerful competitor of Athens and Thebes. It is also the worship center of Aphrodite. Collins established many colonies along the Mediterranean coast, including Syracuse. Collins made great contributions to the Persian War. United with Sparta against Athens in the Peloponnesian War. Rome destroyed Corinth 0/46 years ago. Caesar rebuilt the city here 44 years ago. In Roman times, it was a prosperous commercial city, famous for its luxurious and expensive life. Romans, Greeks and Jews live in this city. The temple of Apollo in Corinth is also mentioned many times in the Bible, which is generally translated into Corinth. There are two volumes of letters written by the apostle Paul to the Corinthian church in the Bible: 1 Corinthians and 2 Corinthians, so this place name is very familiar to Christians today. In prehistoric times, the city was built in the Neolithic Age around 6000 BC. According to myth, this city was founded by Corinth, the son of Helius, the sun god. Other myths say that it was founded by the goddess Ophelia, the daughter of the Titan God Oke Cinos, so this city was also called "Ophelia" in ancient times. There is evidence that the city was destroyed in 2000 BC. At the end of Mycenae, Dorians tried to settle in Corinth. Although the first attempt ended in failure, under the command of the leader arete, they made a comeback from Serio along Corinth Bay and finally captured this place. Therefore, the ancient name of this place, such as "Korinthos", comes from the pre-Greek language, that is, Pelaz Ji 'an; Corinth may still be the palace/city of Mycenae in the Bronze Age, just like Mycenae, Tirins and Pilars. According to myths and legends, Sisyphus was the founder of the ancient Corinthian royal family. Classical period In the following classical period, Corinth was a city-state with wealth comparable to Athens and Thebes, and its main economy came from the trade and transportation of the isthmus. Until the middle of the 6th century, Corinth was the main exporter of black pottery, and its products were sold all over Greece. After that, Athenian pottery occupied the market. The magnificent temple on the Acropolis of Corinth is dedicated to Aphrodite. According to most information, there are more than 1000 temple prostitutes in the temple, so later Christians called Corinth a very degenerate place. This temple still stands in Corinth today, witnessing the past history. In addition, Collins is the host of the Isthmus Games. Periander π ε rho? ανδρο? (665-585 BC) In the 7th century BC, when Corinth was ruled by the tyrant Cupesero (657-627 BC) and his son Periander (627-585 BC), the city sent colonists to establish many new colonies, including Epidamnus Danos (Duras in modern ambra) and Syracuse (Sicily, Italy). Periander also established Apollonia (now the Albanian ferry) and Potidia (Potidia in the Diki Peninsula of Harki). Corinth was also one of the nine Greek city-states that funded the establishment of Naukratis colony in ancient Egypt. The city was established during the reign of Pharaoh Psamtik I of the 26th dynasty in Egypt, aiming at promoting the trade between the Greek world and Egypt. Periander is one of the seven Greek sages. The first Corinthian coin was minted during his reign. He was the first person who tried to open the isthmus and establish the maritime connection between Corinthians and the Gulf of Thessaloniki (now south of Thessaloniki). Due to the technical conditions at that time, his idea was not realized, but a stone land slope "Diolkos" was built. The rule of the Kupsero dynasty ended with Periander's nephew Psammetichus, who was named after the pro-Greek Egyptian Pharaoh Psammetichus I (see above). This period was the golden age of Corinth. During this period, Corinthians developed Corinthian order-the third order of classical architecture after Ionian order and Doric order. Corinthian order is the most complex of the three orders, which shows the wealth and luxurious lifestyle accumulated by this ancient city-state. Doric embodies the hard and simple life style of Sparta and other Dorians, and at the same time inherits the Ionian golden mean philosophy represented by Athens, and achieves a harmonious balance between them. There is an old saying: "Ou pantos plein es Korinthon" (not everyone can go to Corinth), which is about the high standard of living in the city. This city is famous for its love of temples. It provides services for wealthy businessmen and dignitaries who live and travel in this city. Lais, one of the most famous, is said to have extraordinary wisdom and beauty and needs to pay astronomical fees to get her care. The city has two main ports, located in the Gulf of Corinth and the Gulf of Ronicke, which serve the western and eastern Mediterranean trade routes respectively. The port of Lexion is located in Corinth Bay, connecting the western colony of the city with Great Greece, while the port of Kenkria in Ronicke Bay mainly serves the rest of Athens, Ionia, Cyprus and the Levant. These ports have docks for berthing large warships. As a major participant in the Persian War, the city sent 40 warships to participate in the Salami naval battle under the command of Aderman Toth, and 5,000 armored infantry wore iconic Corinthian helmets to participate in the subsequent battle of plateaa. But later, it often became the enemy of Athens and formed an alliance with Sparta in the Peloponnesian League. Before 43 1, one of the factors that triggered the Peloponnesian War was the contention between Corinth and Athens for Korkkula, the colony of Corinth, which originated from the traditional hostility of the two cities in trade. After the Peloponnesian War, Corinth and Thebes, former allies of Sparta in the Peloponnesian League, were dissatisfied with Sparta's hegemony in the League and provoked the Corinthian War against them, further weakening the power of the Peloponnesian city-state. This eventually led to the invasion of northern Macedonia and the Corinthian alliance against the Persian Empire established under the control of Philip II of Macedonia. Philip's son Alexander the Great was the first general in Greece. Corinth is the hometown of diogenes, a famous cynic philosopher in the 4th century. The Roman army led by Lucius Mummysus Akekus destroyed Corinth after the siege of 146, slaughtered all men with swords, sold women and children as slaves, and then set fire to the city. Therefore, he got the title of conqueror of Achaia League (see the Battle of Corinth). Archaeology found that residents settled in the original site of the city in the following years, and Caesar rebuilt the city into Colonia laus Iulia Corinthiensis (the glorious colony of Ionian Corinth) shortly before his assassination in 44 years ago. According to Appian, the new settlers are all freemen from Rome. Under Roman rule, it became the capital of southern Greece or Achaia (Act18:12-16). Known for wealth, luxury and immoral living habits, a large number of Romans, Greeks and Jews live together. When the apostle St. Paul first arrived in the city (5 1 or 52), the consul was Caleb, the brother of the philosopher Sika. Sao Paulo lived here for 18 months. Here he stayed with Aquila and Priscilla, and Apollo came from Ephesus shortly after he left. Although he hoped to pass through Corinth for the second time before visiting Macedonia, the condition at that time was the lack of Titus, so he moved from Troas to Macedonia. Maybe later he had the opportunity to pass through Corinth as a "second grace" (2 Corinthians 1: 15) and stayed there for three months (Acts 20: 20). In the spring of 1958, Sao Paulo visited for the second time and wrote the Book of Romans here. And his 1 Corinthians reflects the difficulty of maintaining Christian groups (churches) in such a metropolis. During the Byzantine period, the city was destroyed by an earthquake in 375 and rebuilt in 55 1 year. During Alaric's invasion of Greece, from 395 to 396, Corinth was one of the cities where he plundered and sold many citizens as slaves. During the reign of Justinian I of Byzantine Empire, a huge stone wall was built from Saroniko Bay to Corinth Bay to protect the city and Peloponnesian Peninsula from the invasion of northern barbarians. The stone wall is about 10 km long and is called the Great Wall. Corinth was then the capital of Greece. /kloc-during the reign of Corniou dynasty in the 0/2nd century, the accumulated wealth of silk trade between the city and Latin countries in western Europe attracted the invasion of Norman sicilian under Roger in Sicily, and they looted the city in 1 147. Geoffrey I, the nephew of a famous historian of the same name, was robbed of Constantinople in the fourth Crusade of the Principality of achaean from 65438 to 0204, and was assigned to the city of Corinth, where he was named the Grand Duke of achaean. 1205- 1208 During this period, Corinthians occupied the Acropolis under the leadership of Greek general Leo Gullas and stubbornly resisted the rule of Franks. William of Champlitt, a French knight, led the Crusaders. 1208 Leo skuros fell from the wall and died, but the Corinthians continued to resist the enemy until 12 10. After the resistance movement was suppressed, Corinth became a complete principality, ruled by the Willehaduine dynasty in Ravida, the capital of Elis. Corinth is the most important city on the border between the northern end of Achaia and the Duke of Athens, another crusader country. Ottoman rule 1458. Five years after the fall of Constantinople, the Ottoman Empire of Turkey conquered the city and maintained its rule for more than 400 years. During the Greek War of Independence, the city was completely destroyed by the Turkish army in 182 1- 1830. 1832 After the Treaty of London, the city was officially liberated. 1833, Corinth became a candidate city for the newly established Greek capital Wang Guoxin with its historical prestige and strategic position. Finally, Athens (then an unknown village) was chosen as the capital. Development Overview Today's Corinth is located about 4 kilometers west of the Corinthian Canal. Railways and highways run through Corinth. In addition, it has a port. 1858, the old city (ancient Corinth, now a town 3 kilometers southwest of the new city) was completely destroyed by an earthquake, and the new Corinth was built on the shore of Corinth Bay. Corinth is the second largest city in the Peloponnesus after Calamata (53,659 inhabitants, 200 1). 199 1 year, with a population of 2807 1 person. In 200 1 year, the number of residents increased by 2363, reaching 30434 (+8.4%). According to the demographic data of 198 1 and 199 1, Corinth is one of the fastest growing cities in China. The population composition is Corinthian, Demos, and the population in 200 1 year is 3699 1 person. The city includes ancient Corinth (1 770 residents), which was built at the foot of the Stone Mountain in the Acropolis of Corinth, 3 kilometers away from the current city center; Exsamilia town (Examilia, 1, 547 residents), small residential areas, such as Cliza (Xylokeriza, 777 residents) and Solomos (Solomos, 686 residents). Transportation Corinth is located 4 kilometers west of the shipping canal across the isthmus of Corinth, which carries the western Mediterranean and Aegean Sea. There is a port near the city square, to the north of the square. It serves local industry and agriculture, mainly exporting goods. Industrial trade Corinth is the main industrial center of the country. The main industrial products nearby are copper wire, petroleum products, medical instruments, marble, gypsum, ceramic fragments, mineral water, brewing products, meat products and resin. In 2005, the process of de-industrialization began to show signs, and a large pipeline production enterprise, a textile factory and a meat packaging enterprise have stopped operating. There is a large oil refinery about 12 km northeast of the city, which is one of the largest facilities in the eastern Mediterranean. Some people think it belongs to Athens. It is surrounded by National Highway 8A in Greece and a 3+ 1 lane two-way expressway. This city is the terminal of a new modern electric railway, connecting it with Athens metropolitan area. This construction may bring remarkable economic and population growth to this city. The city is also the control point of the main road connecting the Peloponnesian Peninsula in southwest Greece. Note: The picture shows Corinthian stage.