The specific content of the North Atlantic Treaty.

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

A military group organization established by the United States and major developed countries in Western Europe and North America. NATO for short, NATO for short. After World War II, the United States pursued the strategy of containing the Soviet Union, and on April 4, 1949, it joined forces with Canada, Britain, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Denmark, Norway, Iceland, Portugal and Italy *** 12. Announced the establishment of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, which took effect on August 24th, 1949. To 1992 * * *, there are 16 member countries. Turkey, Greece, Germany and Spain were added. Headquartered in Brussels. The main organizations are North Atlantic Council, National Defense Planning Commission, Council of Permanent Representatives, Military Commission and International Secretariat. The supreme commander of the allied forces in Europe has always been an American general. NATO conducts consultations and cooperation on major international issues, coordinates positions, strengthens collective defense, and holds various joint military exercises every year. NATO has a large number of nuclear weapons and conventional forces. It is an important military force in the west. It is a symbol of the capitalist camp's strategic alliance in the military, an almost logical development of the Marshall Plan, enabling the United States to control the defense system in Europe and a symbol of the United States dominating the world.

I. Date of establishment

1949 April 4th.

Second, the purpose

Member States make concerted efforts in collective defense and maintenance of peace and security to promote stability and well-being in the North Atlantic region.

Three. member

26 (2006): Belgium, Iceland, Denmark, Germany, France, Netherlands, Canada, Luxembourg, USA, Norway, Portugal, Turkey, Spain, Greece, Italy, Britain, Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Bulgaria, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia.

Four. chief person in charge

The honorary chairman of the North Atlantic Council is held by the foreign ministers of the member countries in turn for a term of 1 year. The current Secretary General george robertson (British) took office at 65,438+0999,65,438+00, and the current Chairman of the Military Commission Guido Venturoni (Italian) will step down in June 2002 and be succeeded by harald cugat (German). At present, the Supreme Allied Commander in Europe, Joseph rolston (USA), took office on May 3, 2000.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) headquarter

Brussels, Belgium.

Website: www.nato.int

Intransitive verb publications

NATO Review is published in English, French, Dutch, German, Italian and Spanish (bimonthly), Danish, Greek, Portuguese and Turkish (quarterly) and Icelandic and Norwegian (annual).

Seven. organization structure

(1) The North Atlantic Council, also known as the NATO Council, is the highest decision-making body. It is composed of foreign ministers of member countries, and defense ministers, finance ministers and even heads of government can attend when necessary. It meets twice a year. When the Council of Ministers is not in session, the permanent ambassadors of member States are responsible for the daily work of the Council of Ministers.

(2) The National Defense Planning Committee is composed of the defense ministers of the member countries participating in NATO's integrated defense command system (France withdrew from the military integration organization in July 1, 1966, and attended the meeting of defense ministers and the meeting of the Military Commission from February 1995, but Spain still did not participate in the military integration organization. 1982 Spain joined NATO, but did not join the military integration organization. 1997 12, at the autumn NATO Council, Spain announced its return to NATO military integration organization, because its air superiority in the Gibraltar Strait was guaranteed. Iceland does not participate in the above-mentioned committee, which meets twice a year. Responsible for reviewing NATO's national defense policy and military plan. 1966, NATO established a nuclear program team (France and Iceland did not participate). 1968, the defense ministers of European members of NATO except France and Iceland formed an informal NATO "European Group".

(3) The international secretariat is responsible for preparing for the NATO meeting. In addition to leading the Secretariat, the Secretary-General is also the chairman of the Council of Ministers, the National Defense Planning Commission, the Nuclear Defense Commission and the Nuclear Planning Group.

(4) The Military Commission is the highest military command organization of NATO, and it is composed of the chiefs of staff of the member countries participating in the military integrated command system. It holds about three meetings every year, and is responsible for making recommendations to the Council of Ministers and the National Defense Planning Commission on NATO defense issues, and exercising leadership over its major theater headquarters. The chairman of the Military Commission is elected by the members of the Military Commission. The term of office is three years. Its daily affairs are handled by a military representative committee composed of permanent military representatives appointed by the chiefs of general staff of various countries. The CMC has an international military staff department, which is responsible for implementing the policies and plans of the CMC. In addition, there are three military command institutions: the Supreme Allied Command in Europe, the Supreme Allied Command in the Atlantic and the US-Canada Regional Planning Group.

(5) NATO Parliamentary Assembly. This is an inter-parliamentary organization of NATO 19 member countries and 17 associated countries. Members are appointed by the national parliament, and the number of seats is allocated according to the proportion of the national population. The purpose of the parliament is to encourage cooperation among parliaments, strengthen ties between parliaments and NATO institutions, and promote the realization of the goals of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Parliament meets twice a year in plenary session.

NATO's "Partners for Peace" currently include Romania (1994. 1.26) (having joined NATO), Lithuania (1994. 1.27) (having joined NATO) and Estonia (1997). Slovakia (1994.2.9) (joining NATO), Bulgaria (1994.2. 14) (joining NATO), Latvia (1994.2. 14), Albania. 994.3.30) (joined NATO), Azerbaijan (65438 Kazakhstan (1994.5.27), Kyrgyzstan (1994.6.2), Russia (1994.6.22). Belarus (1995.1.1), Austria (1995.2. 10), Macedonia (1995./kloc) Ireland (1999. 12. 1), Croatia (25 May 2000) and Tajikistan (20 February 2002). Malta acceded on 26th April, 1996.

Eight. Main activities

After entering the 1990s, with the disintegration of the China Treaty and the end of the Cold War, NATO quickly adjusted its strategy, replacing the "Forward Defense Strategy" with an "all-round crisis response strategy", trying to expand its influence to Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union through NATO's eastward expansion and the implementation of the "Partnership for Peace" and playing an increasingly important role in European security affairs.

1991On May 28-29, the NATO defense ministers' meeting decided to replace the "forward defense strategy" with the "all-round crisis response strategy"; NATO's new three-level defense system will be formed by greatly streamlining its forces, forming a main defense force composed of seven armies, a rapid reaction force of 70,000 people and a reserve force composed of the armed forces of member States.

165438+1On October 7-8, NATO held a summit meeting in Rome, and through the new strategic concept of NATO, it made major adjustments to NATO's military strategy, abandoned the "forward defense strategy" and shifted from mainly dealing with the Soviet Union to "preventing conflicts and handling crises"; Reduce the size of the troops and improve their flexibility, mobility and rapid response ability; Adjust the "flexible response strategy" and reduce nuclear weapons, but still maintain a certain nuclear deterrent. The meeting decided to establish the North Atlantic Cooperation Committee, and invited the Soviet Union, Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Romania and the newly independent Baltic States to attend the first special foreign ministers' meeting to be held in June+February, 5438, to determine political and security consultations and cooperation between the two sides.

16 On February 9th, NATO held a meeting of foreign ministers, and the next day, together with the foreign ministers of Yuan Hua countries Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia, held the first meeting of the North Atlantic Cooperation Council (hereinafter referred to as "the North Cooperation Council"). The North Cooperation Council issued a statement on dialogue, partnership and cooperation. It is decided to strengthen the contact mechanism between NATO and Yuan Hua, and hold an annual meeting of foreign ministers of member countries and an ambassadorial meeting every two months. The statement also defined the scope of cooperation between the two sides, including national defense planning, arms control, military conversion, science and technology and environmental protection.

1June 993 10 ~ 1 1, the spring meeting of the NATO Council of Ministers and the meeting of foreign ministers of the Northern Cooperation Council were held in Athens. The NATO Council of Ministers issued a statement saying that NATO is willing to provide air protection to the UN peacekeeping force in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

1994 65438+1October10 ~1,NATO 16 held their first summit meeting after the disintegration of the Soviet Union in Brussels, mainly discussing NATO's new strategy and internal adjustment under the new situation, and its relations with Russia and Central and Eastern European countries. The meeting put forward the "Partnership for Peace".

1995 on may 3 1, Russian foreign minister kozyrev announced that Russia had formally joined NATO's "partnership for peace" and signed NATO-Russia's "bilateral military cooperation plan" and "framework document of regular public consultation system". Kozyrev also said in a speech that Russia still opposes NATO's eastward expansion, saying that NATO's eastward expansion "is not in line with Russia's national security interests, nor with the whole of Europe.

On February 5th, 65438, the NATO Council of Ministers approved the report on NATO's eastward expansion and Spanish Foreign Minister Javier Solana as NATO Secretary-General. French Foreign Minister de Charette announced at the meeting that France has decided to strengthen its relations with NATO and rejoin the NATO Military Committee and the meeting of defense ministers, but this does not mean that France will join NATO's military integration organization. NATO held a joint meeting of foreign ministers and defense chiefs for the first time since 1979, and formally approved the dispatch of a multinational force of 60,000 troops to Bosnia and Herzegovina under the command of NATO to supervise the implementation of the peace agreement in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This is the largest military operation in the territory of non-member countries in NATO history. 14 non-NATO members, including Russia, also participated in the multinational force.

65438+1On June 3, 1996, the spring meeting of the NATO Ministerial Council was held in Berlin, Germany, and it was decided to set up a multinational and multi-armed joint task force. It is agreed that Western European allies can use the above-mentioned troops in the name of the Western European Union without the participation of the United States, and can use NATO personnel, intelligence, communications, transportation and logistics facilities for peacekeeping and humanitarian assistance. This is also the main content of NATO's establishment of European defense characteristics.

1on March 20 ~ 265,438+0, 1997, the presidents of the United States and Russia held a special summit meeting in Helsinki on NATO's eastward expansion, arms control and bilateral economic and trade cooperation. Both sides have their own opinions on NATO's eastward expansion, but both expressed a certain desire for cooperation. Russia no longer insists on signing a legally binding document on NATO-Russia bilateral relations, and agrees with NATO's proposal that it be signed by the head of state or government.

On May 27th, leaders of NATO 16 countries, NATO Secretary-General Javier Solana and Russian President Boris Yeltsin formally signed the basic document on relations, cooperation and security between NATO and Russia, which stated that both sides do not regard each other as potential enemies and strive to enhance mutual trust. Strengthen all-round cooperation in the fields of European security, peacekeeping, arms control, counter-terrorism and anti-smuggling; Establish a Russian-NATO permanent joint Council composed of NATO Secretary General, Russian representatives and representatives of NATO member States, and hold meetings of foreign ministers and defense ministers at least twice a year and at ambassadorial level once a month to discuss bilateral security issues, but relevant decisions can only be made by unanimous consent; NATO said that it has "no intention, no reason and no plan" to deploy nuclear weapons and combat troops on the territory of new member States, but it will not give up its right to conduct military exercises and have minimum military facilities in new member States.

On May 29-30, the NATO Foreign Ministers' Spring Council was held in sintra, and decided to establish the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Committee to replace the North Cooperation Council and strengthen the Partnership for Peace program. He also advocated strengthening NATO's ties with Mediterranean countries and decided to train military personnel for the six countries bordering the Mediterranean, namely, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Morocco, Tunisia and Mauritania. On July 8-9, NATO members held a summit in Madrid. It was unanimously decided to hold accession negotiations with Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic immediately, and to complete the statutory approval procedures before the 50th anniversary of NATO's establishment. The declaration on NATO's eastward expansion adopted at the meeting pointed out that NATO will never exclude any European democratic countries, and Romania and Slovenia will be candidates for the second round of eastward expansion. The NATO summit also adopted a NATO-Ukraine special partnership charter. During the meeting, "Euro-Atlantic Partnership"

On February 2, 65438, NATO autumn defense ministers' meeting was held in Brussels. Due to Britain's concession to Spain on the issue of air superiority in the Strait of Gibraltar and the compromise between Greece and Turkey on the issue of air superiority in the Aegean Sea, NATO's internal institutional reform has taken an important step forward. The meeting decided to reduce the level of NATO military command from 4 to 3, and the number of various commands from 65 to 20. The meeting also decided to maintain a certain military presence in Bosnia and Herzegovina after the mandate of NATO peacekeeping force in Bosnia and Herzegovina expires in June 1998. Spain decided to return to NATO military integration organization because its demand for air superiority in the Strait of Gibraltar was met. On June 16, the Autumn Council of NATO Foreign Ministers was held in Brussels. The foreign ministers of Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic formally signed and ratified the NATO accession protocol of Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic.

1On May 28-29, 1998, the Spring Council of NATO Foreign Ministers was held in Luxembourg, which mainly discussed the nuclear tests of Kosovo, India and Pakistan. NATO 16 countries also held a meeting of foreign ministers of the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Committee with 28 partner countries.

On June 14, NATO Secretary General Javier Solana said that once the international peace mission to solve the Kosovo issue was frustrated, NATO would use military means.

10 10 13, NATO issued a "combat order" to Yugoslavia to carry out limited air strikes in stages. NATO Secretary-General Javier Solana said that this means that NATO 16 countries handed over the decision to take military action against Yugoslavia to NATO's European Allied Commander.

65438+February 1 day, the upper house of the Dutch parliament approved the NATO eastward expansion protocol. So far, since Canada first ratified the Protocol on February 4, 1998, the legislatures of NATO 16 countries have fulfilled the legal procedures for accepting Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic to join the Treaty.

12 on February 8-9, the autumn Council of NATO foreign ministers was held in Brussels to mainly discuss NATO's new strategy. The United States emphasizes that in the face of the threat of the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, international terrorist activities and regional and ethnic conflicts, NATO's new strategy should not only adhere to the principle of collective defense, but also include "defending common interests." As long as NATO's foreign military intervention conforms to the Charter of the United Nations, it is not necessary for the Security Council to authorize it. France and other western European countries think that the interpretation of "* * * has the same interests" is too flexible, emphasizing that "outside the region" intervention cannot be unlimited, and NATO's foreign intervention should not bypass the UN Security Council. German Foreign Minister Fischer once again expressed the hope that NATO would gradually change its nuclear deterrence strategy and make a commitment not to be the first to use nuclear weapons. Canada, Denmark and Norway support Germany's claim. But the United States, France and Britain are firmly opposed. At the same time, the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Committee held a meeting of foreign ministers and adopted the 1998-2000 action plan. Austrian Foreign Minister schuessel and NATO Secretary General Javier Solana held the first NATO meeting in EU-.

1999 March 12, NATO held a ceremony in Missouri, USA, formally accepting Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic. The three countries said that joining NATO is to seek security and achieve the goal of "returning to Europe". U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright welcomed the three countries' accession to the Treaty, saying that this will not be the last batch, because NATO's eastward expansion is not an event, but a process.

From March 24th to June 10, NATO carried out large-scale air strikes against Yugoslavia without the authorization of the UN Security Council. Except the United States and Canada, all 13 allies in western Europe participated in it, except Greece, which does not advocate the use of force for its own interests. Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Belgium, Denmark, Norway, Portugal and Portugal all took part in the competition. 36860.88868888686

On March 24, Russian President Yeltsin issued a statement strongly condemning NATO's air strikes against Yugoslavia, accusing it of being an open act of aggression, and decided to immediately freeze relations with NATO, recall Russian military representatives to NATO, and suspend NATO's "partnership for peace" plan.

On April 2 1, the Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Slovakia and Hungary made a decision to open their airspace, land and waters to NATO troops carrying out military operations against Yugoslavia. On April 22, Romania announced the opening of its airspace to NATO.

From April 23rd to 25th, heads of state and government of 19 NATO member countries and "Partnership for Peace" held a summit in Washington to celebrate the 50th anniversary of NATO. Russia and Belarus refused to attend the meeting because of protesting NATO's bombing of Yugoslavia. The meeting discussed the situation in Kosovo and adopted and published documents such as the Kosovo Statement, the Washington Declaration and the NATO Strategic Concept.

The contents of the "NATO Strategic Concept" mainly include: (1) On the purpose of NATO, it is emphasized that while adhering to the function of "collective defense", NATO will "strive to ensure a just and lasting peace order in Europe" and strive to build a complete, free and unified Europe on the basis of the same values such as democracy, human rights and the rule of law.

(2) With regard to risks and threats, some countries inside and outside the Euro-Atlantic region are facing serious economic, social and political problems; Ethnic and religious antagonism, territorial disputes, improper or wrong policies, human rights violations and national disintegration may lead to regional instability; Outside the region, there are "the dangers of proliferation of nuclear, biological, chemical and weapons of mass destruction, as well as international terrorism."

(3) With regard to the role of the United Nations, it is recognized that the United Nations Security Council has the primary obligation to maintain international peace and security and plays a key role in maintaining security and stability in the Euro-Atlantic region. During the meeting, French President Jacques Chirac, German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder and other leaders said that NATO's military action against Yugoslavia bypassing the United Nations was a "special case", not a "precedent" and could not be generalized.

On 8 May, the Embassy of China in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was attacked by NATO missiles. On the same day, China's Ambassador to the United Nations Qin said that China was very shocked by this incident, strongly condemned the brutal bombing of our embassy by NATO led by the United States in violation of the Charter of the United Nations, and requested the Security Council to hold an emergency meeting immediately to discuss this matter. On the same day, NATO Secretary General Javier Solana issued a statement saying that the NATO missile attack on China's embassy in Yugoslavia was "purely accidental". NATO will investigate this "catastrophic mistake". NATO expresses "deep apologies" to the families of the victims and the government of China, but NATO will not stop bombing Yugoslavia because of this, unless Yugoslavia agrees to NATO's conditions for stopping bombing.

On May 9, the China government issued a solemn statement, strongly protesting NATO's bombing of our embassy in Yugoslavia, pointing out that this act of NATO is a gross violation of China's sovereignty and a wanton trampling on the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations and the basic norms of international relations, for which NATO led by the United States must bear full responsibility.

On June 9, NATO and Yugoslavia signed an agreement on the withdrawal of Yugoslav troops from Kosovo. On June 6, NATO Secretary-General Javier Solana announced in Brussels that NATO would suspend its bombing of Yugoslavia because Yugoslavia had begun to withdraw its troops from Kosovo.

On the 20th, Solana issued a statement saying that NATO decided to formally stop bombing Yugoslavia because all Yugoslav troops and police had withdrawn from Kosovo.

On February 2, 65438, NATO held a meeting of the National Defense Planning Commission and the Nuclear Planning Group, and issued a communique saying that NATO's nuclear forces would continue to serve "maintaining peace and preventing great powers and various forms of wars". The meeting called on Russia to ratify the second stage of the Treaty on the Limitation of Strategic Nuclear Weapons and start negotiations on the third stage.

15 February 15, NATO held the autumn foreign ministers' Council at Brussels headquarters. US Deputy Secretary of State Talbot attended the meeting instead of Secretary of State Albright. The meeting mainly discussed the characteristics of European security and western European defense, the US theater missile defense system, the situation in Kosovo and Chechnya, etc. NATO welcomes the decision made by the EU at the Helsinki Summit to form a European rapid reaction force. However, it is emphasized that the EU's common defense plan should not run counter to NATO, but should promote transatlantic relations, requiring the EU to treat the six non-EU members of NATO equally, namely Turkey, Norway, Iceland, Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic.

From February/KOOC-0/5 to February/KOOC-0/6, 2000, NATO Secretary-General Robertson paid a working visit to Russia, and the two sides resumed contact after an interruption of nearly one year.

On May 3rd, Joseph rolston succeeded Clark as Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe.

On June 5438+08, NATO Secretary General Robertson said during his visit to Finland that the relationship between the EU and NATO should be frank and transparent, and it is unwise for the EU to establish a parallel structure with NATO in terms of economy, military resources and planning ability. Luo also said that NATO will be weakened if the United States considers withdrawing troops from Kosovo.

From 18 to 19, a conference on "NATO's Role in Future Europe" was held in Vilnius, Lithuania. The foreign ministers and defense chiefs of the United States, Britain, France and nine countries that applied to join NATO attended the meeting. The foreign ministers of nine applicant countries issued a joint statement asking them to join NATO in 2002.

On May 24-25, the NATO Council of Foreign Ministers, the NATO-Russia Permanent Council, the NATO-Ukraine Council and the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Committee were held in Florence, Italy. At the NATO Foreign Ministers' Council, the United States informed the idea of establishing a national missile defense system, but failed to dispel the doubts of European allies. Russian Foreign Minister Ivanov attended the meeting of the NATO-Russia Permanent Council, which was suspended for more than a year. The two sides reaffirmed their commitment to establishing a solid, stable and lasting cooperative relationship.

On June 5, Russian President Vladimir Putin proposed during his visit to Italy that Russia, the European Union and NATO should establish a Europe-wide non-strategic missile defense system.

On the 7th, NATO and Baltic Sea 1 1 countries held a 10-day maritime military exercise.

On June 5438+00, US Secretary of Defense Cohen held talks with the defense ministers of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia on NATO's eastward expansion and regional security, saying that the pace of NATO's eastward expansion will not stop and Russia has no veto power over NATO's decision.

On February 5th, 65438, the meeting of NATO defense ministers was held in Brussels. US Secretary of Defense Cohen warned that if the relationship between the EU rapid reaction force and NATO is not handled properly, it will weaken the relationship between the United States and NATO, and NATO and NATO may become "historical relics."

14 Bruce, diplomatic adviser to us president George W. bush and chairman of the Committee responsible for NATO's eastward expansion, said that NATO will strive to make all applicant countries join the organization before 20 10.

From June 5438+04 to June 5438+05, NATO Foreign Ministers' Council, NATO-Russia Permanent Council, NATO-Ukraine Council and Euro-Atlantic Partnership Committee were held in Brussels respectively. The NATO Council of Foreign Ministers mainly discussed the relationship between NATO and the EU in the field of defense, stressing that European defense is not the establishment of a European army, and the two sides will handle the relationship between the two institutions on the basis of the principles established at the Washington Summit. The meeting mechanism between the two sides was initially agreed. Due to Turkey's resolute boycott, the meeting failed to reach an agreement on the EU's access to NATO command system. NATO and Russia held talks on further restoring bilateral relations and reached an agreement on NATO's opening of a liaison office in Russia.

200 1, 1, NATO and the European union have established a "permanent consultation arrangement", which stipulates that the foreign ministers of the two sides will meet twice a year and the ambassadorial meeting will be held three times a quarter.

On February 20th, the NATO Press Office in Russia was established, and NATO Secretary General Robertson went to Moscow to attend the ceremony.

From May 28th to June 1 day, NATO held a training course on civil emergency planning and dual-use cooperation in Almaty, the capital of Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan and other neighboring countries in Central Asia participated in the training course.

On May 29th and 30th, the NATO Spring Foreign Ministers' Council, the NATO-Russia Permanent Council, the NATO-Ukraine Council and the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Committee were held in Budapest respectively. The foreign ministers' meeting mainly discussed the Macedonian crisis, Balkan peace, NATO-EU cooperation, missile defense and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. NATO countries reaffirmed their commitment to security and stability in South-East Europe. NATO Secretary-General Robertson said that NATO played a key role in ending the division of Europe, and now it is also playing an equally important role in narrowing the distance between countries on the European continent. During the meeting, NATO and the EU held their first official ministerial meeting and held consultations on the possibility of strengthening cooperation and taking joint actions.

On June 7-8, a meeting of NATO defense ministers was held in Brussels, mainly discussing the characteristics of European defense and the missile defense within NATO. U.S. Defense Secretary Rumsfeld further explained to the allies the U.S. plan to develop a missile defense system, but failed to completely dispel the doubts of the allies, and countries decided to continue consultations on this.

On June 12, NATO Military Commission and EU Military Commission held their first meeting at NATO headquarters, which was co-chaired by Venturoni, Chairman of NATO Military Commission, and Hagrand, Chairman of EU Military Commission. The two sides mainly exchanged information on developing security cooperation.

On June 13, NATO headquarters held a special NATO summit, which mainly discussed the next round of NATO's eastward expansion, the security situation in Macedonia and the modernization of NATO's military forces. NATO Secretary General Robertson reiterated that the second round of NATO's eastward expansion will be realized at the NATO Prague Summit in June 2002.

On August 22nd, at the request of the President of the Republic of Macedonia, NATO sent 3,500 troops to Malaysia to carry out a peacekeeping mission called "Operation Harvest", which was responsible for monitoring the ceasefire and collecting and destroying the weapons of Albanian fighters. On September 12, the North Atlantic Council issued a statement on the terrorist attacks in New York and Washington, DC, strongly condemning international terrorism. And expressed his readiness to use Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty to support the United States. Subsequently, NATO issued a joint statement with Russia and Ukraine, strongly condemning the September 1 1 terrorist attack.

On September 27th, NATO announced that "Operation Harvest" had been successfully completed. At the request of the President of the Republic of Macedonia, NATO's "Operation Red Fox", with the German army as the main force, was implemented on the same day for a period of three months, which can be extended after its expiration.

6543810.2, NATO Secretary General Robertson announced that NATO officially launched Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty to support the US military action against terrorism in Afghanistan. 654381October 7, NATO European member countries sent early warning aircraft to the United States and provided air corridors to support the US anti-terrorism military operations.

654381October 3, Russian President Vladimir Putin visited NATO headquarters for the first time.

165438+1October 2 1-23, NATO Secretary General Robertson went to Russia to develop a new partnership between NATO and Russia, and submitted a package of proposals to Russian President Vladimir Putin on deepening bilateral cooperation in the field of counter-terrorism.

65438+On February 6th and 7th, the autumn NATO Foreign Ministers' Council was held in Brussels, focusing on building a new relationship between NATO and Russia. The NATO-Russia Permanent Joint Council held in the same period issued a statement saying that the two sides will continue their efforts on the basis of the basic documents of NATO-Russia bilateral relations. A new mechanism including consultation, cooperation, decision-making and action should be established before the NATO Council of Foreign Ministers in May 2002. The nature and scope of this mechanism need to be determined through negotiations between the two sides in the next few months. NATO Secretary General Robertson said that the new mechanism will make Russia a "full partner" of NATO, and Russian Foreign Minister Ivanov called this a "far-reaching change" in bilateral relations. However, American affairs.

On February 7th, 65438, NATO announced that at the request of the President of the Republic of Macedonia, the "Operation Red Fox" in Macedonia would be extended for three months until March 26th, 2002.

65438+February 18 and 19, NATO defense ministers' meetings were held in Brussels. The meetings discussed issues such as anti-terrorism, strengthening NATO's ability to cope with new crises, and developing NATO-Russia relations.