The strength advantage is obvious. Why did Tongguan's 2, defenders suffer a crushing defeat?

As a result, the forced Tongguan defenders, led by Ge Shuhan, went out of Tongguan to fight the Anshi rebels, and were defeated by the whole army.

I searched for a long time, but I didn't find the source of this statement. But I can be sure of one thing: even the most basic historical records certainly do not support this statement.

where did the Tongguan garrison fall? The answer is the first line of Hangu Pass, a famous natural barrier.

the reason why the Tongguan garrison was wiped out by the whole army was by no means because it was forced to go to war, but because it was driven by underestimating the enemy, went deep into the natural barrier of Hanguguan and fell into the ambush of Anshi rebels, which was not what most people thought? Field incompetence? .

The reason why Tongguan defenders have been afraid to fight back against Anshi rebels is by no means that they can't be defeated in the field, but that Anshi rebels have always relied on Hanguguan natural barrier for defense.

Under this background, Tongguan defenders must cross a nearly hundred-mile, terrifying and suffocating natural barrier if they want to counterattack Anshi rebels.

We can totally imagine: How will the soldiers feel when the army needs to pass through such a long and narrow section nearly a hundred miles long? I'm afraid I can't help but feel suffocated

Due to the restriction of terrain, the army is forced to grow into a formation that can't be divided into dozens of miles. When suddenly attacked, it is usually futile to organize any form of counterattack.

I'm ugly. I met Cui Ganyou's army in Lingbao Xiyuan. Ganyou is waiting for it according to the danger. South Boshan, north blocking the river, and 7 miles of narrow roads? Ganyou's troops were not more than 1, people, and they were scattered like stars, either sparse or dense, or forward or backward, and the loyalist looked and laughed. Ganyou Yan's elite soldiers, Chen followed. When the soldiers are handed over, the thief will suppress the flag if he wants to escape, and the loyalist will be slack and unprepared. In a moment, the ambush was made, and the thief took advantage of the high wood and stone and killed many foot soldiers. Pass, foot soldiers, such as beam, guns shall not be used.

In the face of this terrain, no army dares to go into it casually, because once ambushed here, it is usually just a dead end.

Our question now is: Why did Ge Shuhan lead the Tongguan garrison into this natural barrier to fight the Anshi rebels?

Many people think that this is because Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty listened to Yang Guozhong's slanderers and forced Ge Shuhan to lead his troops into a natural barrier to fight the Anshi rebels.

And the emperor's words of loyalty to the country made the emissaries interested in fighting each other.

actually, this statement simply can't stand scrutiny.

Although it was possible for Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty to force Ge Shuhan to lead an army into battle, he never ordered him to fight the Anshi rebels where.

When recording this paragraph, the history books are also full of contradictions.

For example, when Tang Xuanzong urged Ge Shuhan to go to war, Ge Shuhan seemed to be on the execution ground.

I don't know what to say. In June, he led him to the east, wailed and went out of the customs, and then Lingbao went to the west to fight with Gan You.

But in the subsequent war, Goshuhan was full of blind optimism, and even said? Destroy the rebels and come back for breakfast? The crazy talk.

What about the result? Naturally, the Anshi rebels led them all the way into the horrible death pit valley.

Ganyou is in the array, fifteen or fifteen, or you may go in, but you are behind the array of five thousand knives. Julian Waghann looked at his array and laughed at it, saying:? Birds and thieves will eat. ? And war, dry flag less suppress, if you want to escape, Julian Waghann slack, unprepared? Ganyou ambush in danger, John and Tian Liangqiu Upright to observe the military situation, see Ganyou Serenade, interesting armies to make progress.

Entering a horrible and suffocating death pit valley, and suddenly falling into the encirclement of the enemy, I am afraid that no matter how strong the army is, it can only be slaughtered by the other side.

On the left is a big river, and on the right is a high mountain, which is nearly a hundred miles long.

The two ends were suddenly blocked by the enemy. Stones and bows and arrows at the height on the left fell like rain, and they would fall into the river at any time if they fled to the right. Looking forward and backward, they were all our own people. How can there be more troops?

If the enemy deliberately creates a lot of smoke again, the army will be caught in a visual dilemma for a while, and the enemy's drums and shouts will keep ringing in their ears. Apart from instinctively organizing round after round of shooting, they almost don't know how to fight back.

and all this is usually in vain, and even friendly troops will be injured by mistake.

When they are exhausted by panic and fatigue and all kinds of crossbows are exhausted, they can hardly organize any effective counterattack except instinctively fleeing when facing the enemy's attack from both ends.

because of the unfavorable terrain, the army has been drawn into a long queue with no regard for both ends. And all attempts to escape will turn the war into a unilateral massacre, even a wave of stampedes; Or droves of drowning incidents.

the thief blocked the road with a negative salary, and his car was on fire with the wind. He burst into flames and smoked like night, and scholars no longer recognized each other. They fought and killed themselves, and their bodies were covered with blood. After a long time, they realized. Abandoning armor and rushing to the valley and drowning in the river? At the beginning, Doumen had three cuts, two feet wide and one foot deep. The horses and horses pressed each other against each other, and less cut was chosen, and those who came last practiced it.

speaking of which, some people may ask, why did Tongguan defenders enter this area?

the answer can only be found from the interests of historical parties.

Only the most basic facts in the history books are reliable, because such facts are usually obvious to all, and history books are almost unanimous.

As for all kinds of details, especially those with feelings and values, they are usually Rashomon, and different parties often leave us with different accounts.

We can see a relatively unified narrative of many historical details, simply because some people can effectively control the right to speak, and the transportation media is relatively backward, drowning all kinds of alien content.

The Anshi Rebellion we saw was mainly written from the perspective of stakeholders headed by Tang Suzong.

If we can see all kinds of historical materials, such as Diary of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, Memoirs of Gao Lishi, My Uncle Yang Guozhong, Oral Records of the Witnesses of An Shi Rebellion, Memoirs of Tian Chengsi, An Lushan Misunderstood by People and An Shi Rebellion in the Eyes of the Khitans, we will definitely have a brand-new understanding of this period of history, because these people are related to history.

As long as you have had experience in studying and studying modern history, you will naturally understand this.

Because of the unprecedented wealth of modern historical materials, people with certain knowledge reserves will certainly not simply think that a historical party is mentally ill or senile dementia. We will not simply think that the relevant history is the history of the war between justice and evil.

But if we look at unilateral history, most people will think that there are two kinds of historical parties: one is a good person and the other is a bad person; One is a wise man, the other is a fool; A normal person, a deranged person; One is for the country and the people, and the other is selfish.

Why did Geshuhan become so optimistic that he went into that kind of deadly fight against the rebels?

Based on Ge Shuhan's point of view, what he wants most is to stay in Tongguan all the time.

As long as this can be done, Tongguan defenders can be the most powerful strategic force and stay near the imperial capital. After Guo Ziyi and Li Guangbi conquer the rebel lair, Tongguan defenders can harvest the fleeing rebels. Retirement can influence the affairs of the central government.

When Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty forced the Tongguan defenders to fight, Ge Shuhan was somewhat in a dilemma.

First, it means that he is getting farther and farther away from the central government, and there are fewer and fewer opportunities to interfere with the central government in the future.

Second, he left Tongguan Natural Barrier and entered a dangerous confrontation with Anshi rebels. Naturally, he has no mind to interfere in the affairs of the central government every day, because Anshi rebels are obviously not easy to follow.

Under this background, Geshuhan has only one chance to reverse this passive situation, and that is to quickly defeat the Anshi rebels stationed in Hanguguan, and the sooner the better!

If the Anshi rebels stationed in Hanguguan can be quickly defeated, can Geshuhan still be in the previous position? Can you attack and retreat and defend? In the pattern.

As long as we understand the stakes, we will naturally understand why Geshuhan cried and refused to go to war. But after the battle, they will blindly underestimate the enemy and go deep into the dangerous place.

The military strength of Anshi rebels in Tongguan is at an absolute disadvantage, which is why Ge Shuhan dares to carry out absolutely bold and risky tactics.

According to normal understanding, the number of Anshi rebels is far less than that of Tongguan defenders, and behind Tongguan defenders is the whole northwest rear area of Datang Empire, and a large number of elite troops will come to reinforce at any time.

under this background, if the Anshi rebels really dare to block at the entrance of Tongguan and suddenly face a big counterattack by the government forces, they will surely be wiped out immediately.

That's why Anshi rebels have been stationed in Hangu Pass, 2 miles away from Tongguan.

Under this background, if Geshuhan wants to solve the Anshi rebels as soon as possible, he can only take the risk of surprise attack.

Ge Shuhan arrived in Tongguan on the 4th and met Anshi rebels on the 7th.

After some simple intelligence and information warfare, Geshuhan finally decided that the forces of Anshi rebels in the front line of Hangu were very limited, and they were by no means elite.

from a reasonable point of view, this judgment is not outrageous.

Guo Ziyi and Li Guangbi defeated the Anshi rebels on the battlefield in Hebei, and their lair, Fan Yang, was in danger of losing. In this context, it is not surprising that An Lushan transferred troops to Huiyuan from Hangu Pass.

It is precisely because of this wrong judgment that the Tongguan defenders can't wait. Only one day after they arrived at Hanguguan, they went deep into the natural barrier and pursued the Anshi rebels on a large scale.

After entering the Death Pit Valley, I suddenly found that the Anshi rebels had already set an ambush, and I was so surprised that I didn't know what to do.

In fact, by this time, it does not mean that the Tongguan garrison will be completely destroyed. Because Geshuhan is not a fool, it is impossible to let the whole army enter the valley of death pit.

If Ge Shuhan can choose to cut the meat and leave at the first time, he should theoretically be able to return to Tongguan with half of his troops.

but the problem is that this meat is a little too painful to cut.

The point is, if the Anshi rebels are limited in strength, but Geshuhan is frightened by their bluff attack, what will he do to make a job with the central government after he returns?

just pulling out a pig, that's the most you can do!

since you don't want to cut your meat and run away, let's continue to gamble.

However, the Tongguan defenders in the Death Pit Valley can't be killed at all, and they can only struggle in vain. Tongguan defenders outside the valley of death pit can't attack again. All efforts seem to be just wasting morale and physical strength unnecessarily.

At the end of their tether, Tongguan defenders in the valley of death pit began to suffer the same fate as slaughter; When the remnants of them flee out of the Death Pit Valley in horror, the Tongguan defenders outside the Pit Valley will also be infected by this atmosphere, and they will be hard to maintain their formation.

As a result, large-scale trampling events continue to occur, and the former troops are fleeing backwards in horror. If the latter troops don't turn around and run away quickly, they will become victims of trampling.

Faced with this situation, it may be easier for people to understand what a crushing defeat means. And after this rout began, nature can only be hacked by Anshi rebels like harvesting crops.

The officers and soldiers can't open their eyes and kill each other, saying that the thief is in the smoke and shoots with a crossbow. At dusk, when the arrow is exhausted, it is known that there are no thieves. Ganyou sent Luo Jing to ride from Nanshan, and after the loyalist came out, he hit it. The loyalist was in a terrible mess, and he didn't know what to prepare, so he was defeated. Or abandon armor and flee to the valley, or squeeze into the river and drown, the noise vibrates the world, and the thief takes advantage of the victory and frowns. After the army saw the defeat of the former army, they all collapsed, and the Hebei army also collapsed.

There is one thing that can reflect how tragic the rout of Tongguan defenders was.

In the periphery of Tongguan, the defenders of Tongguan once dug three trenches two feet wide and one foot deep. Under the pursuit of Anshi rebels, government troops kept falling into the trenches, and soon the trenches were filled, and the people behind them continued to run on the bodies in the trenches.

there are three ravines outside the customs, all of which are two feet wide and deep, and people fall into them and are full in an instant; More than 8, soldiers have been admitted to the customs.

At this time, if the Tongguan defenders are confident to defend Tongguan, there is still a chance. Because eight thousand troops returned to Tongguan first, and subsequent soldiers returned to the team one after another.

the problem is that their morale is low at this time.

After the war, will Gershohan and others get an ending like Feng Changqing and Gao Xianzhi?

for this reason, Tongguan defenders finally chose to surrender. So far, Tongguan finally fell.