The origin of Chang surname in Wen 'an County, Langfang City, Hebei Province, and who is the ancestor?

Huayang people in Shu and Han dynasties are often interested in history.

First, the origin of surnames

1. It is said that in the era of the Yellow Emperor five thousand years ago, many ancient people took Chang as their surname. According to legend, the second princess of the leader of Zhou Shangzong is called Chang Yi, who is famous for making good use of the moon, the new moon, the string and the moon. Ji Di said that she was the second princess and gave birth to Zhi Di. Because the ancient words "Yi" and "E" were used at the same time, the story of the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon in later generations may have been written by Chang 'e. Records of the Five Emperors in Historical Records records that the Yellow Emperor ruled the people by "keeping the wind, strengthening animal husbandry, always giving priority and being big", and was first appointed by the Yellow Emperor as Da Sikong (the official in charge of the project), which is the earliest common surname in history. A Qing Zhang Man said in "The Origin of Surnames": "The Yellow Emperor made Changyi occupy the moon, and sometimes it was a big common first, so it was appropriate to have a surname." Xuanyuanqiu, where the Yellow Emperor lived, was in the northwest of xinzheng city, Henan Province, and the capital of Di Ku was in yanshi city, Henan Province, so China's earliest surname was from Henan. Therefore, Chang's family should be said to have existed five thousand years ago, especially for Chang's family in Henan.

2, from the surname Ji, taking the city as the surname, is a descendant of Wei Kangshu in Xizhou. According to Yuan He Shi Dian and A Brief Introduction to Genealogy, after Zhou Wuwang destroyed the Shang Dynasty, he named his younger brother (Wang Wen's youngest son) Kang Yi, who was called Kang Shufeng in the world. Wei Kangshu, the word Ji, the younger brother and the ancestor of Wei. Therefore, the Book of Prime Ministers in the New Tang Dynasty says, "Chang's surname is Ji. Uncle Wei Kang's grandson eats Changyi because he thinks his surname. " Later, the Duke of Zhou (his younger brother) sealed the Shangdu area and the seven families of Yin and Min to Kang Shu and established the State of Wei. Wei became a vassal state of Wei in the first 254 years and was destroyed by Qin in the first 209 years. At the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, the Duke of Zhou wantonly enfeoffed the princes, and the princes enfeoffed the fiefs. Wei Kangshu put one of his sons in Changzhou (now southeast of Tengzhou City, Shandong Province). After Wei's death, some of his descendants took the country as their surname, and some took the city as their surname, which was often called authentic in history. At the same time, it is not excluded that the descendants of Yin Shang changed their surnames to Wei or Chang. A common surname in Shandong.

3. Another "Chang" surname comes from the descendants of the Duke of Wu during the Warring States Period, and also from the surname Ji, that is, the Southern Song Dynasty's History of the Road said that "there was a Chang surname in the Empress of Wu". The ancestors of the State of Wu were the uncles of the monarch Ji Chang, and the capital of Ji Chang was in the State of Wu (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). However, when and why Wu Gong's descendants were Chang's is not recorded in ancient books, which needs further research. According to the surname research: "Wu Zetian has a constant surname", which is the constant surname of Jiangsu.

4, from the constant surname, so as not to change the surname. Zhao Heng was named after the northern part of Song Zhenzong, and the meanings of "Heng" and "Heng" were similar in ancient times, so he changed his surname to Heng because he avoided the emperor. The constant surname was originally after the Duke of Chu, and the constant heir was male. This is what Zheng Qiao said in the Genealogy of the Southern Song Dynasty, "Hengbie's family was taboo in the Song Dynasty and changed to Chang's family", which mainly spread in the eastern coastal areas of Jiangsu today. Second, the migration distribution Chang surname originated in the western part of Shandong today. Initially, Chang's surname took this place as the main breeding center. At the end of the Warring States period, the main branch of Chang family was propagated in Henan and southern Hebei, and has been scattered in the north and south of the river. At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, a Chang family moved to Shanxi, forming a large family centered on Taiyuan County. At the same time, the origin of Luxi's constant surname also formed a large family. From the end of the Han Dynasty to the Three Kingdoms period, Chang's family moved to Sichuan. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Chang moved to Gansu. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Xinfeng (now Lintong, Shaanxi) people often moved to Fujian. In the Song Dynasty, Chang's family was mostly distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China, and some of them moved to Fujian and Guangdong, and finally arrived in Yunnan and Guizhou. By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Chang surname had been widely distributed in most areas of China. After the Qing dynasty, some Manchu people merged into Chang's family. Judging from the reproduction and migration of past dynasties, the most widely distributed Chang surnames are Shanxi, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, Hebei and Gansu in the north, followed by Jiangsu, Sichuan and Zhejiang.

Third, the county hall number

1, hall number

Hall of Knowing People: Changhe in Tang Dynasty, Zhenguan corps commander. Emperor Taizong asked hundreds of officials to write letters to discuss state affairs. He is often a martial man and can't write, so he has to ask his protege Ma Zhoudai to write more than 30 articles. Emperor Taizong was very happy and praised him for his good writing. Changhe didn't want to steal merit, so he told Taizong, "I can't read. This was written by disciple Ma Zhoudai. " Emperor Taizong immediately named Ma Zhou as the censor, praised Zhang Hezhi and gave 300 silks and satins. Chang also takes "Taiyuan" as the hall number.

2. Wang Jun

Taiyuan County: In the fourth year of the Warring States Period (the first 246 years), Wang Xiang, a Qin Zhuang county, ruled Jinyang (now southwest of Taiyuan, Shanxi). The Qin Dynasty is equivalent to the area south of Wutai Mountain and Guancen Mountain in Shanxi and north of Huoshan Mountain. The Northern Wei Dynasty reverted to the county, which is equivalent to the Jinzhong area of Yangqu, Jiaocheng, Pingyao and Heshun today.

Pingyuan County: A county was set up in the Western Han Dynasty, located in the plain (southwest of Shandong Pingyuan County now), which is equivalent to today's Shandong Plain, Lingxian County, Yucheng County, Qihe County, Linyi County, Shanghe County, Huimin County and Yangxin County, roughly in the west of Shandong Province.

Hanoi County: At the time of Chu and Han Dynasties, it was located in Huai County (southwest of Wushe County, Henan Province), which was equivalent to the area north of Henan Yellow River and west of Han Jing Railway (including Jixian County). The Western Jin Dynasty moved to rule the wild king (now Qinyang, Henan).

Wuwei County: In the second year of Han Dynasty (BC 12 1), a county was established in Wuwei (now the northeast of Minqin, Gansu). After Ding Yuan, it is equivalent to the west of Gansu Yellow River, east of Wuwei, Dadong River and Daxie River basins. The Eastern Han Dynasty moved to ancient Tibet (now Wuwei, Gansu).

Fourth, genealogy.

Shanxi: Chang's genealogy 150, Taigu Chang's family is not divided into volumes, and Xiaxian Chang's five-room genealogy is not divided into volumes. Jiangsu: Fengxian Chang genealogy six volumes. Jiangxi: genealogy of Chang family in Wanzai North Gate (numerous volumes). Shandong: eleven genealogies of Chang family in Tai 'an. Hunan: Six Genealogies of Chang Family in Outang, Changsha Volume I (unclear volume). Hebei: five volumes of genealogy of Chang VIII in Luanxian County.