Adverse effects of Aswan Dam

1. There are many ancient Egyptian cultural relics in the Aswan reservoir area, especially the Abu Simbel Temple with a history of more than 5,000 years. Because these monuments are treasures in the history of human civilization, the Egyptian government attaches great importance to them and has moved or protected them through the sponsorship of UNESCO and other countries.

The relocation of Abu Simbel Temple is very large and meticulous. The investment in the whole historic site and the relocation of immigrants reached 65.438+0.5 billion Egyptian pounds, exceeding the investment in hydropower stations.

2. A large amount of nutrient-rich and fertile silt is lost downstream. Due to the loss of fertile soil, the land in the Nile valley and delta began to salinize and lose fertility.

Today, Egypt is the most dependent country on chemical fertilizers in the world. Ironically, the fertilizer plant is one of the biggest users of Aswan Hydropower Station.

The dam has seriously disturbed the hydrology of the Nile. The original fertile silt and fertile soil rushed into the Mediterranean along the Nile to feed the sardines that laid eggs in the Nile, but now the sardines have disappeared.

This has played a warning role in dam construction in some countries and regions later.

Extended data

Advantages of Aswan Dam:

Aswan Dam is the starting point of Egypt's modernization. For more than 30 years, it has made great contributions to Egypt's industrial and agricultural construction, with great economic benefits.

1, Aswan Dam changed the flood irrigation of the Nile into adjustable artificial irrigation, and Egypt ended its history of relying on the natural flood of the Nile for farming. At the same time, the huge power generated by the water level difference has become an important driving force for Egypt to move towards modern industrial civilization.

2. The completion of Aswan Dam not only solved the problem of energy shortage in Egypt, but also provided energy for other Arab countries. The huge capacity of its reservoir not only regulates the downstream flow to prevent flooding, but also uses accumulated water to expand the irrigation area. As a result, nearly one million hectares of desert have been reclaimed into arable land.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Aswan Dam