Newfoundland information

Newfoundland was the first place in Canadian waters to be discovered and occupied. (19) Although it was awarded to Britain in the Treaty of Utrecht in 17 13, (20) In the whole 19 century, the dispute between Britain and France over the fishing industry in Newfoundland never stopped. Newfoundland is one of the largest fishing grounds in the world, which is very important to Britain economically, especially to the shipping and fishing industries in Britain. In the17th century, the British Trade Commission even thought that Newfoundland was more important in terms of wealth and security than Canada and Louisiana combined. (2 1) In order to maintain the absolute monopoly position of Newfoundland's fishery, since the 1930s, Britain has taken various measures to try to stop emigrating there. These legal provisions are further elaborated in the Palestinian LawNo. 1775. All British ships sailing from British ports and driven by British people can get state financial subsidies when they go fishing in Newfoundland. Without the official approval of the British government, all ships are not allowed to carry passengers. In order to prevent the crew from landing in Newfoundland, the crew must pay the return mortgage in advance before sailing from Britain. 1775, the British Parliament also promulgated the "Restriction Act" to prohibit New England from participating in the fishing trade in Newfoundland. This Act is similar to the Quebec Act promulgated in 1774. The latter is to prevent the residents of thirteen colonies from expanding to the west of the Appalachian Mountains, while the former is to prevent the residents of thirteen colonies from expanding to the northeast along the Atlantic coast.

When the American independence movement reached its climax, Britain adopted a punitive "restriction act" to crack down on the trade between New England and Newfoundland. However, at that time, Newfoundland's food, such as bread, flour and livestock, was largely dependent on the supply of New England. At least half of the bread and flour came from 13 colonies, and only a few came from upper and lower Canada or Nova Scotia. (22) New England also almost monopolized the shipping industry between Newfoundland and the West Indies. New England ships brought back liqueur, sugar and molasses from the West Indies and cod from Newfoundland. Most of Newfoundland's fishing vessels were built in New England, including British vessels. 1774, more than 170 ships entered Newfoundland ports from Boston, new york, Salem and Philadelphia, among which St. John's port was the main one. It can be seen that the above-mentioned "restriction bill" has caused great damage to both New England and Newfoundland. Newfoundland, in particular, is short of food and its residents suffer from hunger. However, according to the Navigation Act, British ships are not allowed to transport food directly from foreign countries to Newfoundland, so they can only look for food within the British Empire. However, there are not many places within the empire that can supply surplus grain, which is far from the thirst for hydrolysis. Many people in Newfoundland starved to death. 1776 After the British army was forced to abandon Boston and New England, the grain was transported to Newfoundland. Because the British navy seized Newfoundland by the throat, and it was far from the United States, it could not escape the interception of the British navy, so Newfoundlanders tried to avoid political contact with the United States during the American War of Independence. 1783 After the American War of Independence ended, Britain banned the British West Indies and Newfoundland from trading with the United States, but Britain itself was unable to supply food to the West Indies and Newfoundland, so it was decided that under certain conditions, foreign countries (referring to the United States) could directly import food, but it must be carried by British ships.

By the end of 18, Newfoundland's economy had made great progress. It has established trade relations with Canada and the West Indies. It also has its own fleet, and most of its sailing places are Newfoundland ports, not British commercial stations. Although this fleet rarely crosses the Atlantic Ocean, it often travels between the West Indies and the North American continent. Port St. John became a trade center with the West Indies. The strengthening of trade with the West Indies and the growth of contact with Canada have created a number of new businessmen in Newfoundland, thus breaking the control of western European countries on Newfoundland trade. (23)

During the 1990s from 65438 to 2008, the economic development of Newfoundland was related to the Western European War to some extent. 1792 After the outbreak of the war against France, the number of ships transporting fish from Britain to Newfoundland dropped sharply, while the price of imported food rose, making it more difficult to buy salt from Europe, but the local fishing industry in Newfoundland flourished. Although the shipping routes to Spain and Portugal were cut off, after the United States announced the "1807 embargo law", the number of fish shipped to the United States and the West Indies increased greatly. The anti-Napoleonic War era in Europe is an opportunity for Newfoundland businessmen to revitalize the economy. However, under the double squeeze of rising food prices and falling dried fish prices, the life of ordinary residents in Newfoundland is very difficult.

18 15 After the end of the European War, two fishery competitors, France and the United States, reappeared, but at this time, the local fishery in Newfoundland has been established and closely controlled by the local people, which is enough to compete with the former rivals. At the same time, the population of Newfoundland has also increased rapidly, from 1785 to 1000, to 18 15 years with 35,000 people. It was not until 1824 that Britain granted Newfoundland colonial status, and a representative government was established eight years later.

It was not until 1949 that Newfoundland and Labrador became a province of Canada.