Edison's life experience

American inventor. In history, it is famous for establishing factory laboratories and opening up ways to closely combine technology development with scientific research. 1847 February 1 1 Born in Mylan, Ohio, a Dutch immigrant family. 193 1 year1October 18 died in west orange, new jersey. I had only three months of formal education when I was young. From the age of 12, he worked as a newsboy, vendor and telegraph operator to make a living. Influenced by M Faraday, he engaged in electrical experimental research and invention all his life. 1868, he invented a ballot recorder and tried to sell it to congress, but it was not adopted. Edison's first invention did not find a market, which made him pay more attention to the practicality of the invention. 1869, Edison moved from Boston to new york. He improved the telegraph of Gold Index Telegraph Company, which was appreciated by the company manager and was hired with a monthly salary of 300 dollars (which was a very high monthly salary at that time). 1870, he moved to New Jersey and began his period of efficient invention. 1874 improved the typewriter. 1876, a carbon microphone was added to the telephone invented by a g bell, which improved the reception of sound.

1876, he founded his own famous laboratory. In this laboratory, he broke the tradition that a single scientist engaged in research alone, and organized a group of professionals (including N Tesla and others) who worked together to formulate topics and assign tasks, and worked together on an invention, thus creating the correct way of modern scientific research. 1877, he invented the phonograph and made him famous all over the world. 1878 started the research of incandescent lamp. After more than ten months of repeated failures, the incandescent carbon filament lamp was successfully lit on June 1879 and June 65438+1October 2 1, and it was lit stably for two whole days. 1882, the world's second public thermal power plant was established in Pearl Street, new york, and the electric lighting system in new york was established, which became the prototype of modern power system. The realization of electric lighting not only greatly improves people's production and working conditions, but also indicates the arrival of the electrification era of daily life. 1883, when Edison was testing a vacuum bulb, he happened to find a current passing between the cold electrode and the hot electrode. This phenomenon was later called Edison effect, which became the basis of electron tube and electronic industry. 1887, he moved to west orange, and in the same year, he founded a larger laboratory with updated equipment in the city, namely the famous Edison laboratory (later called the invention factory). Here, according to the invention of G. Hysmans, I made my own camera. 19 14 years, the earliest sound film system was made with phonograph and camera.

In his later years, his inventions and innovations included batteries, cement mixers, recording telephones, duplex and multiplex telegraph systems and railway brakes. During the First World War, he was the chairman of Ren Haijun's Technical Advisory Committee, directed the research on torpedoes and anti-submarine equipment, and invented dozens of weapons. To this end, the US government awarded him the 1920 Medal of Outstanding Service, and the French government awarded him the Legion of Honor. 1928, the US Congress awarded him the Medal of Honor. Edison and his laboratory obtained 1093 invention patents all their lives.

Edison made many inventions in his life, but after all, he lacked systematic scientific knowledge, so he could not make a correct judgment on the development of modern technology. At the end of 19, AC transmission system appeared, but he still insisted on DC transmission, and lost the contract to build Niagara Hydropower Station in the fierce competition with G. westinghouse; His laboratory blindly trial-produced magnetic mineral processing equipment, exhausted the funds obtained from the invention of electric light, and finally had to give up. However, Edison's contribution to the development of electric power, the manufacture of electrical appliances and the popularization of electric energy applications made him one of the greatest inventors in human history.