Full translation of the declaration of independence

1776 On July 4th, in the Congress, all thirteen states of the United States of America unanimously declared that at this moment, in the process of personnel development, it is necessary for us to untie the political bondage between one group of people and other groups, regard its status-based on the laws of nature and the gift of the creator-as non-subordination and equality between secular regimes, and properly respect the need of human beings to declare independence. In our view, the following truth is self-evident: all men are born equal, endowed by the creator, and have inalienable rights, including the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness (original meaning: the right to own private assets). We hereby guarantee that the government has such power, establish a government among the people, and obtain due power with the consent of the rulers; Therefore, whenever any regime breaks this goal, the people have the right to reorganize or abandon it and establish a new government. Based on this principle, this type of government will have a great impact on people's safety and happiness. After careful consideration, it should be said that the establishment of a long-term government should not be reorganized for irrelevant reasons, but based on the known past, in which the world would rather tolerate evil and seclusion. However, when a series of abusers and usurpers are stubborn and force the people to submit to absolute autocracy, it is their right and obligation to overthrow this government and provide new guarantees for future stability. This restriction made the colony unbearable for a long time, and now it has become necessary that the people will change the previous government system. Britain has been deprived of welfare for a long time, which directly leads to the tyranny of the States. In order to prove the truth of the statement, submit the facts to a just world. He refused to approve the most beneficial and important law for the public interest. He forbade his governors to pass urgent and necessary laws and postponed them until they were granted permission; During his stay in China, he completely ignored it. He refused to pass other laws to mediate the people in the vast administrative regions unless the people gave up their representation in the legislature, which was the highest right of the people and only tyrants were afraid. He called representatives of public opinion to attend the meeting in an abnormal, improper and far away from public supervision, with the sole purpose of making them succumb to his personal will because of fatigue. He dissolved parliament many times because he had the courage to resolutely oppose his violation of civil rights. He refused for a long time-after the dissolution of parliament-to let others be elected, so that the legislative power-indestructible-could be exercised by the majority; The country has long been exposed to all crises that may lead to unrest. He tried to prevent states from increasing population, prevent foreign naturalization laws, refuse to pass additional laws to encourage immigrants, and raise the threshold for allocating new land. He refused to pass relevant laws to establish judicial power, thus obstructing the administration of justice. He put the judiciary under his own will and arbitrarily decided the number and amount of his position and salary. He established a large number of new institutions and sent a group of officials to suck the fat of the people. He maintained a standing army among our people without the consent of the parliament-in the period of Chengping. He paid for military power, externalized it and surpassed civil rights. He hooked up with guitarists, which made our subordinate judicial system not only surpass the constitution, but also not be recognized by laws and regulations. Various bills concocted by the parliament with the approval of the pretentious royal family: stationing an army among our people; Try the escaped egg-winged murderer with a fake; Cut off trade between our people and other parties; Taxation without the consent of our people; Deprived our people of the right to trial by jury for many times; Escort our people overseas to try Luo Zhi's charges; Abolish Britain's liberal legal system in neighboring provinces, establish an authoritarian government in them, and use this as a model and means to expand territory at a low price. The Charter once implemented the same autocratic rule, detained our people in the colonies, abolished my most valuable law, and fundamentally changed my government system: interrupted my legislative function and claimed that they had the right to legislate for all matters of my size. He abandoned the government affairs here, declared that our people were not under his protection, and imposed the burden of war on our people. He plundered our sea areas, trampled on the coast, burned towns, and harmed the people to show off. He brought in a large number of foreign mercenaries at the right time, killing, trampling and acting recklessly. His methods are almost as cruel and despicable as those of the most barbaric times. As the head of a civilized country, he is totally unqualified. He forcibly captured our people on the high seas, armed them, harmed their motherland and forced them to become victims of executioners or relatives and friends. He incited civil strife among our people in order to expand our territory; As we all know, the rule of uncivilized Indian barbarians is to kill all men, women and children. In such a period of oppression, our people humbly petitioned for reform: our people petitioned again and again and were hurt again and again. When a king's character is branded as cruel, he is no longer qualified to be the ruler of a free man. It's not that we haven't cared about my compatriots in England. We warn him from time to time that he is trying to expand the legislative power and cover our people with illegal jurisdiction. We remind its people of the situation of our immigrants and settlers. We urge him to have a natural sense of justice and generosity, and we ask him to correct his behavior with the same feelings. What he did will inevitably affect the relationship and communication between the two sides. They turned a deaf ear to the voice of reason. Therefore, we must declare that we are separated from them and treat them like others. Those who are hostile to us are hostile to them, those who agree with us are friendly, and those who make friends with us are friends. The main signatories believe that it is necessary for the colony to break the political shackles of British sovereignty and become an independent country. The core of this conclusion is the content of Li's resolution on July 2. We, the representatives of the United States of America, hold a plenary meeting to call for the justice of our people and the highest justice in the world. In the name of the integrity and goodwill of the colony and its authorization, we solemnly declare that the United colony has the right to declare war, make peace, form alliances, establish trade relations and engage in matters that other independent countries have the right to exercise. In order to support this declaration, we trust each other with life, property and honor based on the barrier of the God-given mainland. The names of the 56 delegates who signed the declaration are arranged in order: the first column: Georgia: Barton Gerwinat, Li Man Hall and George Wharton; The second column: North Carolina: william hope, Joseph Weiss, John Paine; South Carolina: Edward Rotrich, Thomas Heihua, Thomas Woodland Jr., Arthur Middleton; The third column: horses. Maryland: samuel chase, William Paca, Thomas Si Tong, Charles Carroll in Carrollton, Virginia: George Wheeler, Richard Henry Lee, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Harrison V, Thomas Nelson Jr., Francis Lefort Lee, Carter Breston, Fourth column: Pennsylvania: robert morris, Benjamin Rush, Benjamin Franklin, john morton, george clymer. Delaware: george reid, Caesar Rodnei, Thomas McCann fifth column: new york: William Freud, Philip Livingston, Francis Lewis, Louis Morris New Jersey: Richard Starkton, John Westbourne, Francis Hopkins, John Hart, Abraham Clark sixth column: New Hampshire: Josiah. Massachusetts: samuel adams, john adams, rob terry Paine, Elbridge Jerry, Rhode Island: Steven Hopkins, William ellery, Connecticut: roger sherman, samuel huntington, william williams, Oliver Walcott, and New Hampshire: Matthew Thornton.