Background of college entrance examination immigrants

From 65438 to 0977, Chinese mainland resumed the college entrance examination system. Due to the relative shortage of educational resources, the phenomenon of "a thousand troops fighting for a single-plank bridge" is becoming more and more serious. Due to the unbalanced economic development of provinces and cities in Chinese mainland, the quality of education varies from place to place. Therefore, although the national unified proposition is adopted in the college entrance examination in China (individual areas have been implementing separate propositions, and this trend has expanded in recent years), the unified score is not adopted. More importantly, it does not stipulate a unified national enrollment quota, but implements a unified enrollment policy for the whole province. The consequences of this policy can be divided into two kinds: the advantages of key cities-Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and other big cities have greater advantages in enrollment quotas. For example, Tsinghua University's enrollment in Beijing has exceeded the sum of Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei and Sichuan provinces for many years. The total population of these four provinces is more than 20 times that of Beijing. Because municipalities directly under the central government have relative advantages in secondary education resources, national key universities are inclined to the enrollment policies of these two places, and students in these areas are more likely to enter famous institutions of higher learning. In 2005, the national college entrance examination enrolled a total of 8.67 million students, an increase of 6.5438+0.44 million over last year, and the estimated admission rate is 55%. However, the admission rates in Beijing, Tianjin and Hainan are expected to exceed 70%, and only 44% in Guangxi and Guizhou, far below the national average. Window of the South reported the advantages of remote areas-Hainan Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, which lack secondary education resources, also have relatively high preferential enrollment places in special zones and ethnic areas; Although there are not many places to enroll students in other remote areas, compared with the local population, the admission rate of college entrance examination in these areas is much higher than that in the populous provinces in the mainland. And because of the low level of middle school education in these areas, the scores of local candidates are generally low, so students from moderately developed provinces have a comparative advantage in the college entrance examination, which is more likely to lead to pure college entrance examination immigrants.