I want to know something about wolves.

a pack of wolves

Wolves are gathered into a large group by one or several families and live in groups. If men and women are paired, have good feelings, often live together for a long time, and some even stay together for life, taking care of each other is extremely considerate, which is rare in animals.

Large groups only form in winter; Live alone in summer, or live in a small family.

In winter, because small animals hide and hibernate, they hunt large animals such as deer. But when hunting large animals, it needs group cooperation, so wolves should form larger groups in winter.

In summer, because they have to raise their young, they naturally live in small families in pairs, living in dense forests and deep mountains, and it is difficult to be found.

Therefore, wolves living in the south all the year round are unlikely to form large groups; Only wolves living in the north will form large groups. There are usually 4 to 8 wolves in a wolf pack, but as many as 36 large groups have been found.

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When wolves hunt, they work together. When looking for prey, line up in a single file and move slowly at a speed of 26~40 kilometers per hour.

When a wolf chases its prey, it can catch up with dozens of kilometers and drive it to a very difficult place. They can track their prey until it is exhausted. Therefore, the wolf is a very smart, strong and brave animal.

Game world

Wolves usually have their own hunting areas and special hunting lanes, sometimes as long as 100 km.

Near these passages, there are often all kinds of prey. Wolves often patrol these hunting lanes and paint them with smelly liquid or feces secreted by their bodies as a symbol of their own territory. These hunting grounds are often handed down from generation to generation.

nesting

Wolves use tree holes, caves and grasslands as hiding and roosting places. In the spring breeding season, wolves will build some nests near the hunting grounds. The female wolf is responsible for nesting, and the male wolf assists.

If a wolf builds a nest in a cave, it will first spread some branches in it, and then spread leaves and hair falling from the mother wolf.

Young people

In North America, wolves usually give birth in May. During the 63rd day of pregnancy, 3~6 fetuses can be born at one time, with the highest record of 14 fetuses.

A newborn wolf, weighing 400g, needs 10 days to open his eyes. The little wolf is very much like a puppy, with light blue or dirty brown thick soft hair. It can be weaned in about 4~8 weeks, and then its parents give it semi-digested meat and spit it out.

When I was more than 2 months old, I was able to run out of the nest. When I was 3 months old, I could run around with wolves. After that, I began to learn how to hunt.

When the cub is one year old, it has grown to the size of an adult wolf. He came of age at the age of two or three. The life span of wolves is almost the same as that of dogs, about 12~ 16 years, but wolves raised artificially can live to be 20 years old.

social organizations

Wolves have complex social organizations. After the battle, the strongest male wolf is the leader, and then he and a female wolf form a pair of leaders, who are responsible for patrolling the boundary of the site, solving disputes among members and controlling the migration of the team.

The bottom of social order is often the expelled elements, who live on the edge of the team and live by eating the leftovers of wolves.

The social system of wolves is established and maintained by complex signal language. This signal language includes many movements of the tail, ears, mouth and body, that is, vocalization, which shows the identity and emotions of each member. For example, the strong will tilt their tails and stare at the weak, and the weak will bend their ears and show their throats.

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The wolf's secret

A wolf turned pale. Are wolves really terrible? In order to find out the truth, a Swedish biologist once went deep into the den of wolves alone, interacting with wolves for many years, and observed, tested and studied nearly 100 wolves in Italy. He often howled with wolves, and gradually understood the language of wolves, revealing the secrets of wolf society.

The biggest feature of wolves is that they flock together. Wolves are used to sniffing around, judging their neighbors and knowing how to get along. Wolves have a keen sense of smell and are not easily deceived. It likes collective action. Once they find animals that can be hunted, they will attack in droves. Thirty or fifty hungry wolves whizzed past the snowy fields where the wind roared, which was unmatched by any animal. A bear weighing several hundred kilograms was once seen being chased by wolves and barking wildly. At last, the wolves swarmed and tore it to pieces. When sharing their prey, wolves devour each other greedily and never fight for food.

Among wolves, only one pair enjoys the highest status. They are the leaders of wolves. The highest-ranking male wolf is busy all day maintaining the peace of wolves, calming down disputes and restraining the combatants. The female wolf in the position of queen is the manager who dominates all the affairs of wolves. The throne was won through the struggle of "election" They often fought bloody battles for the position of leader. The power struggle between female wolves is even fiercer than that between male wolves. Only the most authoritative "queen" has the privilege of being a mother. Therefore, the "Queen" always closely monitors the love life of other female wolves. If the female wolf has contact with the male wolf, she will be bitten black and blue.

The "queen" is extremely gentle to her suitors and never picky. Usually she will have an affair with the male wolves at lower levels, so that her future children can be taken care of by these male wolves. Only in estrus, under the leadership of the female wolf, will the female wolf mate with the highest-ranking male wolf.

The wolf's young son began to play out of the nest soon after he was born, and soon learned the wolf's language. The wolf grimaced and howled loudly. Wolves howl in different tones, forming different contact signals and keeping in touch with hunting companions. Wolves in the distance also howl to tell their companions where they are. Wolves also often howl to show their collective strength. They often get together and howl like a song party.

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Four, Wolf child, bear child, leopard child, deer child

India's "Wolf Child" Ramu died on1February 28th, 986. There are more than 50 "animal children" found in the world. The earliest recorded discovery was 1344, a "wolf child" in the deep mountains of Germany. In addition to the "wolf children" raised by wolves, there are also various "animal children" raised by other animals. 176 1 year, some Hungarian hunters found a mother "Xiong Haizi" playing with some bears in a cave in the deep mountains.

1923, Indian hunters killed a female leopard and found two cubs and a five-year-old "leopard" in the leopard cave. This "leopard" can only crawl on all fours, and the skin of the whole body becomes thick and full of scars due to friction. When he sees chickens and ducks, he will pounce on them, tear them up and eat them alive.

1975, a French explorer found a "deer boy" with black hair in a forest area in Africa. He followed the deer and jumped on all fours.

Species of deer in New Zealand

At present, there are more than 5,000 deer farms in New Zealand. The number of deer on hand is 6.5438+0.8 million, ranking first in the world.

New Zealand's "deer immigrants" include European red deer, North American red deer, sika deer, Indian water deer, Southeast Asian black deer, South Asian flower deer, European deer and North American white-tailed deer. European red deer: 185 1 year, the first deer was introduced to New Zealand. Those are some red deer from Europe; 1923, 1000 European red deer were introduced to new Zealand, scattered in about 50 locations in the south and north islands. North American red deer: 1870, North American red deer was introduced to Dunedin, South Island; 1905 In March, 18 North American red deer was introduced.

Sika deer: 1885, the first three sika deer were taken to Dunedin, but they soon lost their voices and were probably shot. The second batch of sika deer was introduced from Wubang Temple in England in 1905. Water deer: 1875 A pair of water deer were introduced from Sri Lanka and raised in canavan. To 1880, due to proper protection, it reached 30. /Black Deer:1907165438+10. It was introduced and released in Rotorua, but it was mistaken for a water deer. Lu Hua: In 1867, seven Rhubarb flowers from Moben were released to Otago, South Island, and increased to 100 in10, but were hunted by settlers between 1890- 19 10. Tianlu: During the period of 1860- 19 10, at least 24 companies introduced to New Zealand. Up to 1980, there are still 13 wild populations. White-tailed deer, North America: 190 1 year, the first batch of 2 males and 2 females in white-tailed deer were put into Taka Valley, but failed; 1905, and the other nine were brought from New Hampshire, USA.

Wolves and deer

The wolf is ferocious, the deer is docile, the wolf is a villain, and the deer is the object of people's pity. This is the wolf and deer we know from fairy tales, so how do wolves and deer live separately in the real forest? What's the connection between them?

This is a story about the ecological balance between wolves and deer. The text tells that 100 years ago, residents of kebab forest killed wolves and other natural enemies of deer in order to protect the deer in the forest. As a result, contrary to expectations, a large number of deer died of illness and the forest was seriously damaged. It tells people that things are closely related, and destroying the ecological balance will bring unimaginable disasters to the environment. Wolves and dogs are relatives, and they look alike in appearance, but wolves are a little bigger than dogs, and their body hair is generally grayish yellow, sometimes the color varies from place to place. The wolf's figure is very thin, its four legs are very long, and its tail drags between its two hind legs and rarely swings. People call it a wooden tail. Its nose is a little sharper than that of a dog, its mouth is a little wider, its eyes are a little oblique and its ears are straight. Looks like losing face and is one of the main pests in animal husbandry.

Wolves are fierce, alert, suspicious and cunning. In addition, their hearing, sight and smell are very keen, and they move in groups. Therefore, in pastoral areas, when shepherds are negligent, they often rush in to kill the sheep or take them away. Moreover, they will kill sheep, deer, roe deer and poultry by ambush and siege, and even hurt people's lives. Because wolves do great harm to people, some countries even kill wolves by helicopter. However, some scientists believe that wolves play a certain role in the ecological balance of nature. Because wolves are good at hunting unhealthy individuals in antelopes and deer herds, they objectively play the role of natural selection.

Wolves are distributed in Europe, Asia and North America and live in mountainous areas. Plains, forests and tundra, even mountains as high as 5000 meters, are the most abundant in the open Yuan Ye. Usually solitary or hermaphrodite, they often gather in groups in winter, generally more than 10 per group.

Wolves' fur can be made into fur coats, mattresses and hats.