The subordinate history of Weishan Lake since Qing Dynasty: from Jiangsu Lake District to Jiangsu Shandong.

Lead: Weishan Lake is located at the junction of Shandong and Jiangsu. Sometimes Weishan Lake in a broad sense refers to Nansi Lake. Weishan Lake was originally a plain. Later, influenced by the diversion of the Yellow River and the water conservancy construction centered on the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, it gradually formed today's lake appearance. Historically, residents in Sulu and Shandong provinces have been arguing about Weishan Lake resources, which has gradually subsided in recent years. The generalized Weishan Lake covers an area of about 1200 square kilometers. With the completion of the second dam of 1960, Weishan Lake is divided into two parts. Historically, the administrative divisions of Weishan Lake area are extremely complicated, and it is the junction of 2 provinces and 7 counties. There are a lot of arable lake fields along the lake, as well as water chestnut, lotus root, reed and other lake products. Residents in Sulu and Shandong provinces often have disputes or fights over lake fields and lake products. This paper introduces the history of Weishan Lake since Qing Dynasty. Weishan lake 1. In the Qing Dynasty, most of Zhaoyang Lake and Weishan Lake belonged to Pei County, Jiangsu Province, and a few belonged to Tongshan County, Jiangsu Province (about 60% of Zhaoyang Lake belonged to Pei County and 70% of Weishan Lake belonged to Tongpei). In the first year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (185 1), the Yellow River burst in Fengxian, and the west bank of Weishan Lake became Zeguo, and the people in Peixian and Tongshan had to leave their homes and migrate. In the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855), the Yellow River burst again in Tonghua, Henan. From then on, the Yellow River diverted northward, and Weishan Lake area got rid of the Yellow River flood, but Yuncheng, Juye and Jiaxiang in Shandong became Wang Yang. At this time, the original Yellow River water in Weishan Lake area has faded and become a wasteland, and many Shandong immigrants have reclaimed lake fields here. When immigrants from the area around Weishan Lake first arrived, local officials in Xuzhou ordered Peixian and Tongxian to expel them back to their original places. However, its number is getting out of control, so it is required that "the homeless are in danger of losing their livelihood because of the death of the residents, agree to recruit farmers, pay the price, and compensate for renting rich copper", send people to measure the unowned lake field, temporarily order the upper, middle and lower levels of farming, and set up a lake field bureau to be responsible. The administrative divisions of Jiangsu in Qing Dynasty were in the period of the rise of Nian Army. In order to destroy the Nian army, the Qing court called on all the regiments to practice rural courage. These immigrants from Shandong make weapons, build castles, elect leaders, and form groups with several villages or families as units, called "groups". Immigrants from Shandong are called "Tuan". At the same time, the indigenous people in Pei county who were displaced by the flood also returned one after another, but the land in the past was occupied by the people. Although the local government asked the regiment to return the original land to its original owners, it was difficult to distinguish the previous land boundaries because of the silt after the flood. In addition, many people have fled abroad, and whether the title deed is lost or not is meaningless, so it is difficult to carry out the government's orders. Therefore, the dispute between "Pei Min" and "Tuanmin" has been constant and intensified. In the four years of Tongzhi of Zeng Guofan (1865), Zeng Guofan went north to Xuzhou as an imperial envoy and intervened in the dispute between Pei and the regiment. All Diao Tuan suspected of adultery were sent back to their original places, while the good regiment in charge was allowed to stay in Pei, cultivate the fields and allow them to work forever. Zeng Guofan's handling method temporarily eased the contradiction between the two sides, but failed to fundamentally solve the problem, and the friction between the groups continued. 2. Weishan County was established in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and during the War of Liberation, and the jurisdiction of the original provinces, districts and counties was disrupted. In the early days of the People's Republic of China, Xuzhou, Lianyungang, Fengxian, Peixian, Tongshan, Qiuxian, Donghai and Ganyu were under the jurisdiction of Shandong, while Xiaoxian and Dangshan were under the jurisdiction of Anhui. 1952, the central people * * passed a decision on adjusting the organizational system of provinces and regions, and now Shandong and Anhui provinces belong to the areas under the jurisdiction of the former Jiangsu Province, and all of them are transferred back to Jiangsu Province. From 65438 to 0953, Shandong and Jiangsu provinces began to contact and hand over. In view of Weishan Lake area, Shandong proposed that Weishan Lake was completely led by Shandong during the war. In the past, residents in the lake area disputed the lake property. In order to unify leadership and facilitate construction, Shandong proposed that all lake areas should be led by Shandong. Map of Weishan County 1953 19 On April 9, after consultation between the two sides, representatives of Jiangsu Province and Shandong Province signed the Agreement on the Division of Jurisdictional Areas and Specific Borders of Weishan Lake and Zhaoyang Lake, which specifically included Yandazhuang 15 village belonging to Tongshan County in Jiangsu Province and Wang Lou 15 village belonging to Peixian County into Shandong Province. The agreement also stipulates the classification of lake production, taxation and locust control. At that time, Jiangsu Province was only established for a few days, and it agreed without asking for local opinions. Pei county 15 village was placed under Weishan county, and Tongshan county village was not handed over. The Second Dam of Weishan Lake1On August 22nd, 953, the State Council approved the establishment of Weishan County. Weishan County was built in Dongxia Town Lake, and was originally Peixian County. 1956, in order to develop the copper mine in the north of Tongshan County, Jiangsu Province proposed to transfer some villages in Yixian County and Weishan County of Shandong Province to Jiangsu. As compensation, Shandong proposed that Weishan Lake be managed by Weishan County. Subsequently, the State Council agreed to the zoning adjustment plan and made it clear that Weishan Lake was under the jurisdiction of Shandong. 3. The debate about lake fields and lake products has started again. From Weishan county to 1959, the situation in the lake area was stable, ending the chaotic situation of frequent disputes over lake fields and lake products before the county was established. 1959 during the drought, the situation changed and a large area of lake fields on the west bank of the lake dried up. This leads to a problem. According to the official reply of 1956, the lake is under the jurisdiction of Weishan county. However, after the lake dries up, whether the bare lake field still belongs to Weishan County has become the focus of contention between Sulu and Shandong provinces. In mid-September, on 1959, Pei County established the headquarters of rushing to plant hutian. In June+10, 5438, Weishan County also set up Hutian Headquarters to organize some people to plant Hutian. Two counties discussed planting wheat, during which a fight broke out and many people were injured. After the problem occurred, jiangsu provincial party committee and Xuzhou prefectural committees dealt with it seriously in time. 1960, Pei county returned all hutian to Weishan county. But this means that the dispute between the two sides about the production of Hutian Lake has started again and is getting worse. 1961August, the civil affairs departments of Shandong and Jiangsu, the special offices of Xuzhou and Jining, and the responsible comrades of Peixian and Weishan counties held consultations in Xuzhou. In June 5438+10, the delegation led by the vice governors of the two provinces negotiated again in Xuzhou. Later, the negotiations were moved from Xuzhou to Jinan, and Zhou Xing, secretary of the Shandong Provincial Party Committee, personally participated, but the problem was still difficult to solve. 1On April 27th, 967, representatives of Shandong and Jiangsu provinces and relevant cities, counties and armies held a special consultation meeting in Nanjing to solve disputes in Weishan Lake area, and finally reached an agreement. In terms of lake fields, the elevation of 32.5 meters shall prevail, and the above shall be cultivated by the relevant commune teams along the lake in Peixian County, Weishan County and Tongshan County, and the following shall be uniformly distributed by Weishan County; In terms of lake production, according to the principle that whoever raises the lake owns it, Weishan County has unified management, issued use permits and levied special taxes. However, this agreement cannot fundamentally solve the problem, and some major provisions are reasonable in principle, but they cannot be implemented in practice. For example, reed and bitter Cao Jiang are treated according to the principle of "whoever plants them owns them", so it is difficult to distinguish them in practice. The dispute between the two sides has not been effectively resolved. 1980165438+1On October 20th, the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Ministry of Water Resources proposed a solution to the border dispute of Nansi Lake. The focus of the contradiction between the two sides lies in Shandong's insistence on establishing Weishan County in accordance with the State Council resolution 1953, and its request that the village along the lake in Pei County be further classified as Weishan County; Jiangsu demands to restore the old border and cancel Weishan County ... The preliminary opinion is that Weishan County is bounded by the central line of the lake below Erba in principle, Weishan County in the east and Peixian County in the west. However, the plan was not adopted. Since then, the State Council has held many meetings to solve the Weishan Lake problem. After 2003, with the development of economy, the diversification of economic sources and the efforts of the central and local governments, the contradictions in Weishan Lake area gradually cooled down and eased. 4. Weng said that the dispute between Shandong and Jiangsu around Weishan Lake is protracted. Weishan County is nominally under the jurisdiction of Weishan Lake, but it can't stop people along the lake from going down. This is not only a dispute between the two sides about lake fields and lake production, but also related to the unclear boundary there. The picture comes from the network, and the infringement is deleted. Reference 1. Environmental changes and water conservancy disputes in Mu Yi river basin since the Republic of China. 2. Ding Xiujuan's research on the property right disputes between provinces in Weishan Lake area after the founding of the People's Republic of China. This article was created by Jiangnan Miao Weng team, and the copyright belongs to Jiangnan Miao Weng team. If there is any infringement such as plagiarism, this account reserves the right to resort to law. Welcome to pay attention to the headline number/WeChat official account/Netease number: Jiangnan Yingweng cooperation reprint, please contact: 2697383062@qq.