1962 the Cuban missile crisis shocked the world. What happened?

From 65438 to 0962, the Cuban missile crisis that shocked the world occurred in the Caribbean. This was the fiercest confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. The two superpowers came to the brink of war in the Caribbean, which almost triggered a nuclear war and put the world at a critical juncture. The crisis only lasted 13 days, and finally ended in a compromise between the two sides.

The background of the Cuban missile crisis 1959, Fidel Castro launched the Cuban revolution and established the Republic of Cuba. The United States tried to bring Cuba into its sphere of influence in order to consolidate its ruling foundation in Latin America.

Castro began to implement social and economic reform measures at home, and the relationship between Cuba and the United States immediately entered a state of tension and confrontation. The United States has adopted a policy of political isolation, military siege and economic blockade against Cuba. ?

The extreme tension between the United States and Cuba forced Cuba to turn to the Soviet Union for its own security and declare itself a socialist country. In order to set foot in the backyard of the United States and improve its strategic situation, the Soviet Union formed an alliance with Cuba, and the two countries resumed diplomatic relations in 1960. Since then, the Soviet Union has increased its economic and military assistance to Cuba. As a result, the Cuban issue has become a hot spot between the United States and the Soviet Union in the Caribbean.

The Soviet Union deployed missiles in Cuba at the end of May 1962. In addition to preparing to deploy nuclear weapons, Khrushchev will also deploy conventional weapons such as surface-to-air missiles and Il -28 light bombers, and another 45,000 Soviet troops will be stationed. 15 September, the first batch of Soviet medium-range missiles arrived in Cuba, and by the end of September 10, 20 nuclear warheads had arrived in Cuba.

The unusual phenomenon that the United States responded to the deployment of missiles by the Soviet Union and a large number of Soviet ships sailed for Cuba quickly attracted the close attention of American intelligence agencies. On August 3 1, the United States saw from the aerial photos taken by the reconnaissance plane that Cuba began to install Soviet anti-aircraft missiles, and also saw Soviet ships carrying missiles to Cuba. ?

On September 4th, the White House issued a statement, disclosing the Soviet military assistance to Cuba, including the technical services of setting up missiles and personnel. The Soviet Union categorically denied American comments and reports.

After entering 10, the Kennedy administration strengthened its aerial reconnaissance and surveillance of Cuba. 10 10 14, the United States grasped the evidence of Soviet missile base construction in Cuba through U-2 aircraft.

The United States imposed an isolation blockade? In order to completely block Cuba, the United States set up a fleet of 90 ships and used 20,000 navies. 10 year124 October, the fleet carrying out the mission sailed to the blockade area under the protection of 68 aviation squadrons and 8 aircraft carriers. The United States has also assembled the largest landing force since the war, and the strategic air force has entered a state of readiness.

Soviet Union's attitude towards the isolation and blockade of the United States? In the face of Kennedy's blockade, the attitude of the Soviet Union has changed greatly. At first, the Soviet Union took a tough attitude, returned the U.S. blockade note to the U.S. Embassy in the Soviet Union, and accelerated the construction of a missile base in Cuba. However, under the pressure of the powerful offensive of the United States, Khrushchev, who was under great pressure, was very worried that the US military would invade Cuba before the missile was installed on the launch pad, so that it would eventually be abandoned and even lead to a nuclear war between the United States and the Soviet Union.

The Soviet Union began to retreat. 10/October 26th, Soviet Union sent a message that if the United States promised not to invade Cuba, it could withdraw its missiles.

The climax and end of the Cuban missile crisis? 101On October 27th, the Cuban missile crisis reached its climax. In the morning, two U-2 reconnaissance planes of the United States were attacked by Cuban ground fire, and one of them was shot down. At this time, the Soviet missile finishing work in Cuba has ended, and all air defense missiles have entered a state of readiness.

Kennedy sent a letter to Khrushchev, demanding that the Soviet side give a clear answer at the latest the next day (28th), otherwise the US government will take drastic measures to destroy Cuba's missile base.

On the morning of 28th, Khrushchev sent a reply to Kennedy, saying that he was willing to stop the launching site project, the missiles would be packed and shipped back to the Soviet Union, and negotiations would begin at the United Nations. He accepted Kennedy's terms for resolving the crisis. At this point, the Cuban missile crisis, which lasted for 13 days, ended.