About Wanzhou, Chongqing

Wanzhou is located at the junction of the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the center of the Three Gorges reservoir area. Named after "Bi Hui, Wan Chuan, where thousands of businessmen gather", it is one of the top ten ports in the Yangtze River.

Wanzhou was called Yangqu, Nanpu, Wan Chuan, Wanzhou and Wanxian in ancient times. The title of "Wanzhou" began in the eighth year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (AD 634) and was renamed Wanxian in the sixth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (AD 1373). After the founding of New China, Wanxian District Administrative Office of Sichuan Province was established, and a city (prefecture-level city) was established with the approval of the State Council in 1992, which governs Longbao, Tiancheng, Wuqiao, Kaixian, Liangping, Zhongxian, Yunyang, Fengjie, Wushan, Wuxi and Chengkou counties. 1September 1996, entrusted to the former Chongqing municipality. 1997 Chongqing municipality directly under the central government. 1998, the State Council abolished Wanxian City and its Longbao District, Tiancheng District and Wuqiao District, and established Wanxian District (prefecture level) of Chongqing City, renamed Wanzhou District of Chongqing City, which governed the original Longbao, Tiancheng and Wuqiao areas, and Wanxian City governed Liangping, Chengkou, Kaixian, Zhongxian and Wuqiao areas.

Wanzhou is surrounded by mountains, which is a combination of Jiangcheng and Shancheng. There are two mountains behind the city, one is Taibai Rock and the other is Tiancheng Mountain. According to legend, Bai Zhanjian went out of Sichuan, once studied poetry and made friends in Yan, and there is a saying that "Xiyan is drunk with chess", hence the name Taibaiyan. Today, there are He Qifang's tombs and monuments on the rocks, and there are many poems and inscriptions. The solitary wall of Tiancheng Mountain is also called Tianzi City.

Wanzhou district is one of the main areas where ethnic minorities live in compact communities. In addition to the Han nationality, there are 26 ethnic minorities such as Tujia, Hui and Miao. Among the ethnic minorities, the largest number is Tujia, with 35,345 people. Followed by 903 Hui and 139 Miao.

Wanzhou District is adjacent to Kaixian County in the north, Yunyang County in the east, liangping county in the west and Lichuan in Hubei Province in the south. It is a material distribution center and land and water transportation hub in eastern Chongqing, southwestern Shaanxi, western Hubei, western Hunan and northeastern Guizhou. It is 327 kilometers away from the main city of Chongqing and 320 kilometers down to Yichang, Hubei. It is the largest city and port between Chongqing and Yichang. Wanzhou covers an area of 3457 square kilometers, with 47 townships and 30 towns, 14 sub-district offices. 1The total population at the end of 1998 was1650,000, of which the agricultural population was1300,000. Wanzhou has a subtropical humid monsoon climate, with warm winter and hot summer, long spring and early autumn, abundant rainfall and four distinct seasons. The annual frost-free period is 349 days, and the annual average temperature is 18. 1? C, the annual precipitation is 1 185. Four millimeters.

Wanzhou District is a semi-submerged city in the Three Gorges reservoir area, with a land area of 49 square kilometers, involving 1 city, 14 market towns and 374 industrial and mining enterprises. Flooded 47,050 mu of all kinds of land, including 36,862 mu of cultivated land; The population below the submerged line is 15. 930,000 people, including rural population of 3. 350,000, urban population 12. 580 thousand people. At the same time, some infrastructure and historical sites were flooded. Static compensation funds for immigrants in Wanzhou District. 6.5 billion yuan.

Scenic spots/tourist attractions

Taibaiyan Scenic Area Taibaiyan is located in the north of Wanzhou main city, with a height of about 400 meters, a length of about 3 kilometers and an area of 40 hectares. Taibai Rock has the advantages of "White Rock Fairy Trace" among the eight scenic spots in Wanzhou, as well as the advantages of natural scenery, and its stone carvings are even more famous. Wanzhou has been famous for its scenic spots since the Tang and Song Dynasties. Three characters of "Guande Pavilion" in Song Dynasty are engraved on the stone wall of Taibaiyan Mid-Levels. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Cao Xueqian came to Sichuan and pointed out that Li Bai, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, had studied in Xishan, so he built Taibai Temple. There are more than 40 rubbings in Taibai Rock, which clearly shows the three characters of Taibai Rock carved by rubbings in the light years of Qing Dynasty, and has been listed as a scenic spot in China by National Cultural Heritage Administration. There are "950,000 County Massacre" anti-British martyrs memorial hall and "95 Massacre Monument" in the scenic spot. Taibai Rock has excellent scenery, beautiful flowers and trees, and the victory of nymphs is unparalleled. Climbing to the top of the mountain can not only reflect on ancient feelings and express ambitions, but also enjoy the panoramic view of Wanzhou and the beautiful countryside. It is a frequent place for citizens to play and foreign tourists to enjoy the scenery, with an average annual tourist volume of about 200 thousand.

Qinglong Waterfall Scenic Area Qinglong Waterfall is 34 kilometers away from Wanzhou City. The waterfall is105m wide and 64.5m high, which is wider than the famous Huangguoshu Waterfall19m. It is called "the first waterfall in Asia". Waterfalls belong to the Ganning reach, and the river is swift and fierce, roaring and roaring, and the empty valley echoes, like the thunder of war drums, which is amazing. The spectacular waterfall hangs in the sky like a piece of cloth, flying down, splashing pearls and jade, and the water vapor is dense. At sunrise, you can see colorful neon lights on both sides of the strait, which is amazing. There is a cave of about 2000 square meters under the water curtain, which is spacious and clean, warm in winter and cool in summer. For tourists, this is a good place to sit and watch the waterfall.

Dayakou Forest Park Dayakou is 22km away from Wanzhou City, spanning Wanzhou and Kaixian County, with an altitude of 1.308m, which is the second highest peak on the north shore of Wanzhou District. The forest area has long mountains, deep cliffs, towering peaks, floating clouds, sweet springs and lush trees. Forest Park covers a total area of 350 hectares. The forests are dominated by Pinus massoniana, Cryptomeria fortunei, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Pinus elliottii, Pinus taeda, Acer ginnala and Cedar. The annual average temperature 15 degrees, and the frost-free period is 240 days. Summer is a cool summer resort, there is no heat, and winter is a good place to enjoy the snow in the snow forest. The main attractions are "Fengyi Temple", TV Tower, Huageling, Pavilion, Meiyuan, Tea Garden, Nursery and Deer Farm. The reception service facilities have begun to take shape.

Wulongchi Forest Park Wulongchi is 30 kilometers away from Wanzhou city, with an altitude of 1 120 meters and an area of 333 hectares. The top of the mountain is wide and flat, and the area with a slope of less than 8% exceeds 260 hectares. There are dense trees in the park, covering the sky and the sun, and the pines are bursting. There are many paths in the forest and many cliffs around the forest. On the top of the mountain, there is a natural pool with a water surface of about 0.7 hectares and three reservoirs with a water surface of 8 hectares, 4 hectares and 1.3 hectares, such as pearls shining in the forest.

Tanxian Gorge Tanxian Gorge is about 20 kilometers long and 30-80 meters wide. There are many pools in the gorge, and scorpions often haunt it, so it is called Tanxian Gorge. There are 7 tributaries, 24 peaks and 48 streams in the canyon. The rocks on both sides of the canyon have formed many poetic and varied natural landscapes under the ingenious carving of nature. There are many kinds of wild animals in the canyon, including golden pheasant, white magpie, roe deer, deer, raccoon dog, otter, hedgehog and monkey. Exploring and traveling in the canyon can experience the wonders of nature; When you see wild things, you can feel the wildness of the canyon. It is really a good place that combines "surprise, wonder, joy and danger".

Wangerbao Nature Reserve Wangerbao Nature Reserve is located in the southeast corner of Wanzhou District, with an average elevation of 1.200m, an area of 7,496 hectares and a forest reserve of 31.000m2.. There are 666 genera of vascular plants 18 1 family 1242 species, including 32 rare and endangered plants. There are 50 species of mammals, 93 species of birds and 993 species of insects. Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Taxus mairei are national first-class protected plants. Animals such as jackals, civets, civets, spotted foxes, golden pheasants with red bellies, and pheasants with white crests are national second-class protected animals. The nature reserve is full of dense fog all the year round, and the forest is boundless. Summer is a cool summer resort, there is no heat, and winter is a good place to enjoy snow in the forest. It is an excellent place for scientific research and appreciation of rare animals and plants in the Three Gorges reservoir area, and also a rare tourist attraction.

Yanjinggou Longdong Yanjinggou Longdong was called Shilong Cave in ancient times, 20 kilometers away from Wanzhou City. The underground river flows in the cave, and the bell is rugged. Stalagmites, stone curtains and stone steps have different shapes and clever layout. The spring water in the cave fluctuates regularly every day and does not dry up all year round, so it is also called Longquan Cave. At present, there is still a plaque inscribed by Emperor Guangxu of Qing Dynasty, "Gong Xuan forbearance".

Moon Bay Hot Spring Resort Moon Bay is 20 kilometers away from Wanzhou City. With beautiful scenery, bubbling hot springs and unique architecture, it is a complete scenic spot with high ornamental value, mainly based on natural scenery, supplemented by famous cultural landscapes such as Yitai. The tourism resources around the resort are unique, including Longmen Gorge, Cave Group, Longmen Waterfall and Stone Forest, as well as relics such as Yangqu County, Qiuxi Academy, Huimin Bridge and Upgrade Pinghan Group.

Tian Zi, Tian Zi is one of the eight scenic spots in ancient Wanzhou, which is 3 kilometers away from Wanzhou City, 346 meters high and covers an area of about 13 hectares. According to legend, Liu Bei, Emperor Zhaolie of the Three Kingdoms, stationed troops here when he attacked Wu, so it was a famous city. There is a lonely peak in Tianzicheng, and the surrounding rocks stand like a wall. Only the Zhaimen line can pass. Because the city was born, it is also called the natural city. Its terrain is dangerous, easy to defend but difficult to attack, and it has been a battleground for military strategists since ancient times. In the first year of Deyou in the Southern Song Dynasty, Shangguan Kui, the governor of Wanzhou, insisted on the struggle against the Yuan Dynasty, and Yang Wen 'an, who was also a general of the Yuan Dynasty, fought for more than a year until his death. Later generations built Shangguankui Temple in the city to commemorate Shangguankui's feat of dying for his country. At the beginning of Qing Dynasty, this city was the stronghold of Kuidong farmers' resistance to Qing Dynasty. Up to now, there are still stone rubbings on the stone wall of Zhaimen, which is a monument to Yang Wen 'an's depression in the early Yuan Dynasty.

Product resources

land resources

The whole area is 3457 square kilometers, including cultivated land 10563 hectares. Land resources can be roughly divided into three types. First, hills, mainly concentrated in parallel ridge and valley areas below 800 meters above sea level, are the main key areas for agricultural planting. Second, low mountainous areas, mainly mountainous areas with an altitude of 500- 1000 meters, are the most important landforms in this area and the main areas for grain production and cash crops. The third is Zhongshan District, which is mainly concentrated in Qiyao Mountain at an altitude of 1000 meters, and is mainly suitable for planting forest fruits, medicinal materials and pasture.

water resource

The annual precipitation in the area is 1 0,000-10,300 mm, and the Yangtze River is 84.3km in transit, with numerous tributaries and abundant water resources. The exploitable amount of hydraulic resources in the whole region is 323,200 kilowatts, and the annual power generation can reach more than 480 million kWh.

Biological resources

First, forest resources, the forest coverage rate in China is 26.9%, and all kinds of woodland1203,800 mu, accounting for 23% of the national territory. Forests and vegetation are dominated by trees and shrubs, belonging to 99 families, 255 genera and 505 species. Among them, there are 24 species of gymnosperms belonging to 7 families 15 genera, and 92 species of angiosperms belonging to 240 genera and 505 species, among which Pinus massoniana accounts for more than 90% of trees, and shrubs mainly include rhododendron and Vitex negundo. Bamboo species are mainly Phyllostachys affinis, followed by Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys pubescens and Phyllostachys praecox. Second, grassland resources, the region is rich in natural forage, with a number of excellent forage varieties and artificially planted high-quality and high-yield forage. Third, rare plant resources. Many rare plants under state protection have been found or planted in this area, including Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Davidia involucrata, Adiantum and other second-class protected plants 10, and third-class protected plants are widely distributed. The fourth is animal resources. There are 3 12 species of vertebrate wild animals known in China, including 69 species of mammals, 24 species of birds, 5 species of reptiles, 92 species of amphibians and fish. There are more than 20 kinds of known rare animals, among which the golden cat and the leopard are the first-class protected animals in the country, and the second-class protected animals in the country are marmots, otters, golden pheasants, civets, civets (wild cats), forest musk deer, crested deer, white-crowned pheasants and giant salamanders.

mineral resources

There are many kinds of mineral resources in this area, which are widely distributed, relatively concentrated and well combined. There are many kinds of proven mineral resources 10 in the whole region. Among them, energy minerals include coal, stone coal, peat and natural gas; Ferrous metals include iron and titanium; Non-ferrous metals include copper, lead, zinc, molybdenum, gold and nickel; The dispersed element minerals are germanium and gallium; Radioactive element minerals include uranium; Metallurgical auxiliary raw materials include refractory clay, kaolin, silica, dolomite and limestone; Non-metallic minerals of chemical raw materials include phosphorus, sulfur, rock salt, brine, barite, witherite and potassium-bearing rock; Building materials and other nonmetallic minerals include gypsum, limestone, shale, clay, seasonal sandstone, marble and sepiolite. The mineral reserves in this area are very rich, with 65.438+0278 million tons of coal, 240 billion cubic meters of natural gas and 280 billion tons of rock salt.

Main crops and livestock and poultry varieties

Crops mainly include rice, wheat, corn, sweet potato, kidney bean, oat, millet, rape, buckwheat, peanut, sesame, cotton, silkworm, tung tree, tea, burley tobacco and other food crops and cash crops. The main fruits are citrus, pear, plum, peach, loquat, grape, cherry, apple, apricot, walnut, persimmon, jujube, longan, litchi, chestnut, kiwi, strawberry and watermelon.

Livestock and poultry varieties mainly include pigs, cattle, sheep, rabbits, chickens, geese, quails, pigeons and so on. Aquatic products include grass carp, barb, silver carp, carp, white crucian carp, tilapia, soft-shelled turtle, yellow croaker, snake, long-nosed fish, catfish, Chinese sturgeon, shad, herring, mullet, stone carp and red catfish.

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