Can you tell me something about Mayan civilization? And its impact on Europe as a whole.

Maya civilization is an outstanding representative of Latin American ancient Indian civilization and American ancient Indian civilization, named after Indian Maya. It was formed around 2500 BC and mainly distributed in southern Mexico, Guatemala, Brazil, Belize, Honduras and western El Salvador. Mayan civilization has made great achievements in material culture, science and art.

The construction of Mayan civilization reached the highest level in the world, and it can carve solid stones. Through long-term

Mayan civilization (pottery)

[1] Observed the astronomical phenomena, and mastered the solar eclipse cycle and the motion laws of the sun, the moon and Venus. Sculptures, painted pottery and murals all have high artistic value and are called Greece of America.

An early slave country was established around 400 BC, which flourished in the 3rd-9th century, declined in the/kloc-0th/5th century, and was finally destroyed by Spanish colonists. And then lost in the tropical jungle for a long time.

1502, Columbus sailed to America for the last time, only 10 years after he first discovered the "New World". The ship landed in the Gulf of Honduras, and Columbus and his crew excitedly set foot on the lush land they had not seen for a long time. In the local market, a beautifully made pottery basin caught his attention. The seller told him that this exquisite pottery basin came from "Maya". This magical name was first introduced to the ears of Europeans. 15 19, Spanish explorer Hernando Cortes led the Spanish army across Mexico and conquered the Aztec empire, which was in the heyday of civilization. "Eradicating a culture is like passers-by breaking a sunflower by the roadside."

At this time, the Mayan civilization is coming to an end, but there are still some small Mayan countries on Yucatan Peninsula. 1526, a Spanish expedition went to Yucatan Peninsula, trying to establish a Spanish colony by violence and enforce Christian belief. The Maya, who refused to yield, waged guerrilla warfare for more than a hundred years. It was not until 1697 that the last Mayan city-state was destroyed by Spanish artillery. /kloc-began to attract academic attention at the end of 0/8. At the end of 19, a number of important sites were excavated, and the modern archaeological research of Mayan civilization began. Since the 1950s, research has made rapid progress, forming a special Maya study, which is an important field of world archaeology and historical research. Scholars have different opinions about the development stage of Mayan civilization. According to the division of American archaeologist N Hammond, it can be divided into three stages: pre-classical, classical and post-classical.

At present, the ancient Mayans still live in the eastern Pacific islands. After 1839, john stephens, an American, discovered the remains of the ancient Mayan civilization for the first time in the tropical jungle of Honduras. Since then, with the deepening of the work of archaeologists in various countries, Mayan civilization has shocked the world again and again.

1839, American john stephens first discovered the remains of the ancient Mayan civilization in the tropical jungle of Honduras. Since then, with the deepening of the work of archaeologists in various countries, Mayan civilization has shocked the world again and again.

The earliest man who planted corn (corn idol incense burner)

Corn is the most precious crop for Indians. In order to prevent it from being hurt, the Mayans created the corn god.

The earliest use of "0"

Maya is the first nation to invent and use "0", and digital writing is unique.

The most accurate calendar in ancient times

The year of the earth calculated by the Mayans is 365.2420 days, which is only 0.0002 days compared with modern people, that is, the error of 5000 years is only one day.

The most complicated and beautiful hieroglyphics

The development level of Mayan hieroglyphics is similar to that of China, but the symbol combination is far more complicated than Chinese characters, so far no one has found a breakthrough in interpretation.

The most interesting ceramic sculpture on display (fruit vendor)

Maya pottery figurines mostly represent nobles, but there are also ordinary people. The sitting man looks like a fruit bowl between his legs, and his hand is close to his mouth as if he were shouting. He may be selling fruit. Such interesting works are rare in ordinary ancient civilizations. Homologous theory is a common view of Chinese and Mexican scholars. In ancient times, the Bering Strait was still covered by land, and some Asians reached America through the Bering Strait, creating a Mayan civilization comparable to Asian civilization. Experts from Shanghai Museum pointed out some clues about the "homologous" relationship between Maya and Chinese civilization from the cultural relics to be exhibited in Shanghai, which is also the biggest attraction of this exhibition.

Art: (Pocket full color pottery pot) The milky white pockets and exaggerated colors on this pot make this vessel have a special attraction, and the contrasting red and black geometric patterns are very eye-catching. Chest-shaped foot is the most distinctive form of prehistoric pottery in China, but it can also be seen in the pottery of many American Indians.

Material selection: (Necklace with breastplate) There are many jade articles in the Mayan cultural relics that came to Shanghai this time. Only the Mayans in China and the United States cherished jade and developed jade carving skills to a higher level. More coincidentally, both of these two ethnic groups have the belief that jade is associated with life and reproduction, and some Mayan jade articles are strikingly similar to those of Liangzhu culture, a prehistoric culture in the south of the Yangtze River.

Race: (Thinking Face) This kind of frowning, slightly sad, philosophical and calm thinking face, like "I think therefore I am", has appeared many times in Mayan art. From the ethnographic point of view, both Maya and China people have obvious unique characteristics of Mongolian race. Studies have proved that the palmprint lines of Maya and China people are very similar.

Belief: (Feather snake painting pot) The image of the feather god in Mayan culture is somewhat similar to the cow's head and antlers invented by China people, the scales of snakes, the Tiger Claw beard, and the dragon that can walk on clouds. The feathered snake head on Mayan murals and the carving of the snake head on the double-headed stick held by Mayan priests are also close to the shape of the faucet. In addition, the worship of Quetzalcoatl and Dragon is related to praying for rain. Up to now, nearly 2 million Mayans still live in the land of their ancestors. Although they inherited some customs and habits of their ancestors, under the great impact of modern civilization, they knew little about their own history and culture, and the glory that the Mayans once had came to an abrupt end.